Особенности акушерско-гинекологического консультирования беременных, страдающих эпилепсией

БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ ОСЛОЖНЕНИЯЭПИЛЕПСИ

Similiar or different? : A material study of forest-Finnish settlements in Sweden

The main purpose of this essay is to examine if it is possible to identify farms of “forest Finnish” people in Sweden, by means of an archaeological analysis, comparing the forest Finnish settlement with known none-forest Finnish settlements. This study is based on material excavated from the farms of Grannäs, and Råsjö, in the Swedish provinces of Jämtland and Medelpad. Both farms are dated to the 17th and 18th century. The study itself is divided into three parts, firstly a general study to get an overview of the material, secondly a study of ceramics as an attempt to discern social status and lastly a study of the animal bone material for analyzing the forest Finns’ livestock and possible hunting habits. The aim of the essay is also to provide a brief discussion regarding forest Finns and ethnicity. The results are ambiguous, but it seems possible to argue that there is a correlation between the ceramic and the amount of livestock. The forest Finns’ hunting habits could furthermore be considered in some ways a cultural act

Museum, a servicescape muse?

As our world is heading toward a more experience-orientated society, the reasons for studying other businesses and organisations increase. Museums, which are already a part of an experience economy, would therefore be suitable objects to study. The purpose of the study was to examine how museums choose to arrange their exhibitions and to assess how they might appear from a servicescape perspective. The theoretical framework within the essay, reviews servicescape theories and gives a brief overview of related terms, such as the experience economy. A qualitative method was chosen for the study and four museums were interviewed in a semi-structured fashion, after which the material was coded and divided into six different categories. Three of them could be connected to servicescape research and the further three could constitute a new perspective on service environment. The results from the analysis revealed how museums, from a servicescape point of view, choose to use the exhibition environment and further concludes that servicescape could benefit from museums environmental perspective.Allteftersom vår värld går mot en upplevelseinriktad företagskultur, ökar också anledningen till att studera andra företag och organisationer. Museum som är en del av en upplevelsekultur, kan då vara ett intressant exempel att studera. Syftet med uppsatsen var att studera hur museer väljer att bygga upp sina utställningar och undersöka hur de ser ter sig, utifrån ett servicescapeperspektiv. I den teoretiska referensramen ges en genomgång av teoribildningen inom servicescape samtidigt som den också belyser närliggande termer som upplevelseindustrin. En kvalitativ ansats valdes som metod och fyra museum intervjuades semistrukturerat, varefter materialet kodades och analyserades in i sex olika kategorier, tre av dem kunde kopplas till servicescapeforskningen och tre kunde anses utgöra nya perspektiv på servicemiljöer. I analysen och slutsatsen framkom hur museernas uppbyggnad av utställningen såg ut utifrån ett servicescapeperspektiv samt hur servicescape kan tänkas lära av museers rumsmiljöperspektiv

The neuroanatomical expression profile of novel membrane proteins. : The effect of macronutrients on gene expression.

Worldwide obesity is an increasing problem. Apart from the fact that obesity greatly  impairs the health, quality and length of life for the affected individuals, it is also has the  potential to become a major socioeconomic problem in a near future. However preventive  actions require an understanding of the cause. Before the psychological influence on  eating can be evaluated a profound understanding of the biological regulatory system and  how this interacts with the food consumed is required. On the assumption that food  consumption is regulated by interplay between food and genes, the food itself may  influence the genes that regulate consumption, hence change the expression levels of the  genes regulating food intake.     To evaluate the interplay between food and gene expression, the project contained several  parts, reflecting different aspects of the area of research. The feeding studies had in  common that they were initial trials in a larger project. The results of these will be  evaluated and used in combination with further studies.     The mice typed for food preference illustrate the complexity of the feeding regulatory  system by pointing out the differences between individuals even in a relatively small  group of animals. Mice in general like food high in fat and here the animals that showed a  preference for sugar also showed a significant increase in their intake of chow. Since  chow consists mainly of carbohydrates the results might indicate a preference not for  sucrose in particular but for carbohydrates in general. The effect this may have on other  studies is still unclear as further studies are needed to determine whether the difference  may be the result of an innate genetic difference.      Leucine has been previously shown to reduce the total caloric intake. When given in  combination with palatable food the addition of Leucine primarily reduced the intake of  chow. From a dietary perspective this would translate to a preference to sweets and fast  food at the expense of food with more nutritious content.     The RT-PCR analysis’s gives clues to how the energy regulatory circuitry responds to the  intake of selected macronutrients. When it comes to gene expression there is a significant  effect of macronutrients on the gene expression levels. The common theme for many of  the genes tested seems to be down regulation of satiety signals, as if to support over  feeding on palatable diets and in many cases sucrose in particular.     The intake of macronutrients such as sugar or fat has been showed to have an effect on  the feeding regulatory circuitry, demonstrated by the change in gene expression levels.   The response to said macronutrients is site specific which is clearly shown both by RTPCR analysis of samples from different parts of the brain, such as the brainstem or  hypothalamus, and by immunohistochemistry of selected areas. The  immunohistochemistry also confirms that the novel Oxytocin receptor-antagonist, who is  injected IP, actually passes over the blood-brain barrier and has an actual affect on the  regions of interest. The areas affected by the antagonist can be visualized and identified  through the staining of active sites

Similiar or different? : A material study of forest-Finnish settlements in Sweden

The main purpose of this essay is to examine if it is possible to identify farms of “forest Finnish” people in Sweden, by means of an archaeological analysis, comparing the forest Finnish settlement with known none-forest Finnish settlements. This study is based on material excavated from the farms of Grannäs, and Råsjö, in the Swedish provinces of Jämtland and Medelpad. Both farms are dated to the 17th and 18th century. The study itself is divided into three parts, firstly a general study to get an overview of the material, secondly a study of ceramics as an attempt to discern social status and lastly a study of the animal bone material for analyzing the forest Finns’ livestock and possible hunting habits. The aim of the essay is also to provide a brief discussion regarding forest Finns and ethnicity. The results are ambiguous, but it seems possible to argue that there is a correlation between the ceramic and the amount of livestock. The forest Finns’ hunting habits could furthermore be considered in some ways a cultural act

Preclinical Development of Imaging Agents for HER2 Expression in Prostate Cancer Using Radiolabeled Affibody Molecules

This thesis is focused on pre-clinical evaluation of in vivo detection of HER2-expression in prostate cancer (PCa) patients and on the possibility of using targeted molecular imaging to personalize treatment of disseminated PCa. The work is divided into three distinct parts: (1) the establishment of a preclinical model for further studies, (2) imaging of HER2 in a murine model of PCa and (3) exploration of new treatment regimes against PCa. The characterized cell line panel reflect the heterogeneity of PCa in a way that one cell line never could, and is crucial for a better understanding of different developmental stages during the progression toward androgen independence. The possibility of molecular detection of HER2 in PCa was determined in vitro using 111In-labeled CHX-A’’DTPA-trastuzumab and anti-HER2 ABY-025 affibody molecules. A novel real-time assay for radiolabeled tracer kinetics on living cells was evaluated, in an attempt to bring early developmental work a step closer to the target environment (imaging in living systems). The second part demonstrated the possibility of imaging PCa xenografts, despite the low expression levels, and that  ABY-025 is better adapted for this than the therapeutic anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab. The study also demonstrated that a residualizing radiometal-label further improves imaging contrast. A comparative study of a HER2-binding affibody molecule N-terminally conjugated to DOTA, NOTA or NODAGA highlighted the influence of the chelator on biodistribution and emphasized the importance of taking into account potential metastatic sited during tracer development. The final study used the previously established in vitro model to explore the hypothesis of using molecular imaging of HER2 to identify PCa patients that may benefit from complemental treatment. One conclusion from this thesis is that for imaging of PCa, molecular biological context and expression of the molecular target are equally important to consider. Another, that evaluation of response to treatment also need to consider the effect on the overall phenotypic profile, and consequently what this could mean for the efficacy of the treatment. The results of this thesis are in a larger perspective related to how the heterogeneity of tumors may affect the models used for diagnostics and monitoring of cancer in general

Sjuksköterskors upplevelser av Covid-19 pandemin inom akutsjukvården : En systematisk litteraturstudie

Bakgrund: När coronapandemin drabbade världen år 2020 ställdes sjukvården inför stora utmaningar. Akutsjukvården behövde snabbt omorganiseras för att ha möjlighet att på bästa sätt ta hand om patienter med den nya sjukdomen, covid-19. I centrum av sjukvården står den största yrkesgruppen redo; sjuksköterskorna, som världen över mobiliserar för att kunna möta denna pandemi, med alla till buds stående medel. Syfte: Att beskriva hur sjuksköterskor inom akutsjukvården upplever att arbeta under pågående coronapandemi. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie med kvalitativa artiklar. Databaserna PubMed och Cinahl användes för datainsamling. Baserat på inklusionskriterierna användes totalt elva artiklar i dataanalysen. Resultat: Totalt har 201 sjuksköterskor deltagit i de inkluderade artiklarna. Efter att ha analyserat resultaten av de elva artiklarna har tre huvudkategorier identifierats: ”Att uppleva rädsla och oro kring smittspridning”, ”Att uppleveva ett förändrat arbetsliv” samt ”Att växa i sin roll som sjuksköterska”. Slutsats: Att arbeta under coronapandemin har en kraftig påverkan på sjuksköterskor, i deras arbetsliv men även i deras privatliv. Sjukvården behöver vara bättre förberedd på eventuella framtida pandemier för att inte riskera sjuksköterskors hälsa

Development of a I-124-labeled version of the anti-PSMA monoclonal antibody capromab for immunoPET staging of prostate cancer : Aspects of labeling chemistry and biodistribution

Correct staging of prostate cancer is an unmet clinical need. Radionuclide targeting of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) with In-111-labeled capromab pendetide (ProstaScint) is a clinical option for prostate cancer staging. We propose the use of I-124-labeled capromab to decrease the retention of radioactivity in healthy organs (due to the non-residualizing properties of the radiolabel). The use of I-124 as a label should increase imaging sensitivity due to the advantages of PET as an imaging modality. Capromab targets the intracellular domain of PSMA; accumulation of radioactivity in the tumor should not depend on internalization of the antigen/antibody complex. Capromab was iodinated, and its targeting properties were compared with indium labeled counterpart in LNCaP xenografts in dual isotope mode. PSMA-negative xenografts (PC3) were used as a negative control. Radioiodinated capromab bound to PSMA specifically. Biodistribution of I-125/In-111-capromab showed a more rapid clearance of iodine radioactivity from liver, spleen, kidneys, bones, colon tissue, as well as tumors. Maximum tumor uptake (13 +/- 8% ID/g for iodine and 29 +/- 9% ID/g for indium) and tumor-to-non-tumor ratios for both agents were measured 5 days post-injection (pi). High tumor accumulation and low uptake of radioactivity in normal organs were confirmed using microPET/CT 5 days pi of I-124-capromab