A New Variational Association Process for the Verification of Geometrical Specifications”,

When this new association process of a datum is performed to verify a geometrical specification, measured points are considered as perturbations which generate modifications of the nominal geometry by variation of its location, orientation, and intrinsic dimensional characteristics, without requiring rotation and translation variables as the traditional methods usually do (Bourdet, et al., 1996, Advanced Mathematical Tools in Metrology II, World Scientific) with torsors or matrices. This new association process (Choley, 2005, Ph.D. thesis, Ecole Central, Paris; Choley, et al., 2006, Advanced Mathematica

Integrating NGS-derived mutational profiling in the diagnosis of multiple lung adenocarcinomas

MICROABSTRACT: Integration of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) information for use in distinguishing between Multiple Primary Lung Cancer and intrapulmonary metastasis was evaluated. We used a probabilistic model, comprehensive histologic assessment and NGS to classify patients. Integrating NGS data confirmed initial diagnosis (n = 41), revised the diagnosis (n = 12), while resulted in non-informative data (n = 8). Accuracy of diagnosis can be significantly improved with integration of NGS data. BACKGROUND: Distinguishing between multiple primary lung cancers (MPLC) and intrapulmonary metastases (IPM) is challenging. The goal of this study was to evaluate how Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) information may be integrated in the diagnostic strategy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with multiple lung adenocarcinomas were classified using both the comprehensive histologic assessment and NGS. We computed the joint probability of each pair having independent mutations by chance (thus being classified as MPLC). These probabilities were computed using the marginal mutation rates of each mutation, and the known negative dependencies between driver genes and different gene loci. With these NGS-driven data, cases were re-classified as MPLC or IPM. RESULTS: We analyzed 61 patients with a total of 131 tumors. The most frequent mutation was KRAS (57.3%) which occured at a rate higher than expected (p < 0.001) in lung cancer. No mutation was detected in 25/131 tumors (19.1%). Discordant molecular findings between tumor sites were found in 46 patients (75.4%); 11 patients (18.0%) had concordant molecular findings, and 4 patients (6.6%) had concordant molecular findings at 2 of the 3 sites. After integration of the NGS data, the initial diagnosis was confirmed for 41 patients (67.2%), the diagnosis was revised for 12 patients (19.7%) or was considered as non-informative for 8 patients (13.1%). CONCLUSION: Integrating the information of NGS data may significantly improve accuracy of diagnosis and staging

Scientific opinion of Flavouring Group Evaluation 502 (FGE.502): grill flavour ‘Grillin’ 5078’

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Scientific opinion of Flavouring Group Evaluation 503 (FGE.503): grill flavour ‘Grillin’ CB-200SF’

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Human Muscle Satellite Cells as Targets of Chikungunya Virus Infection

BACKGROUND: Chikungunya (CHIK) virus is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that causes in humans an acute infection characterised by fever, polyarthralgia, head-ache, and myalgia. Since 2005, the emergence of CHIK virus was associated with an unprecedented magnitude outbreak of CHIK disease in the Indian Ocean. Clinically, this outbreak was characterized by invalidating poly-arthralgia, with myalgia being reported in 97.7% of cases. Since the cellular targets of CHIK virus in humans are unknown, we studied the pathogenic events and targets of CHIK infection in skeletal muscle. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Immunohistology on muscle biopsies from two CHIK virus-infected patients with myositic syndrome showed that viral antigens were found exclusively inside skeletal muscle progenitor cells (designed as satelllite cells), and not in muscle fibers. To evaluate the ability of CHIK virus to replicate in human satellite cells, we assessed virus infection on primary human muscle cells; viral growth was observed in CHIK virus-infected satellite cells with a cytopathic effect, whereas myotubes were essentially refractory to infection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This report provides new insights into CHIK virus pathogenesis, since it is the first to identify a cellular target of CHIK virus in humans and to report a selective infection of muscle satellite cells by a viral agent in humans

Safety assessment of the active substance selenium nanoparticles, for use in active food contact materials

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Safety assessment of the substance [3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyl]trimethoxy silane, for use in food contact materials

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Safety assessment of the process 'Gneuss 1', based on Gneuss technology, used to recycle post-consumer PET into food contact materials

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Safety assessment of the process ‘Morssinkhof Plastics’, used to recycle high-density polyethylene and polypropylene crates for use as food contact materials

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