43 research outputs found

    Long-Lasting Inhibitory Effects of Fetal Liver Mesenchymal Stem Cells on T-Lymphocyte Proliferation

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    Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) are multipotent progenitor cells that have transient immunomodulatory properties on Natural Killer (NK) cells, Dendritic Cells (DC), and T cells. This study compared the use of MSC isolated from bone marrow and fetal liver (FL-MSC) to determine which displayed the most efficient immunosuppressive effects on T cell activation. Although both types of MSC exhibit similar phenotype profile, FL-MSC displays a much more extended in vitro life-span and immunomodulatory properties. When co-cultured with CD3/CD28-stimulated T cells, both BM-MSC and FL-MSC affected T cell proliferation by inhibiting their entry into the cell cycle, by inducing the down-regulation of phospho-retinoblastoma (pRb), cyclins A and D1, as well as up-regulating p27kip1expression. The T cell inhibition by MSC was not due to the soluble HLA-G5 isoform, but to the surface expression of HLA-G1, as shown by the need of cell-cell contact and by the use of neutralizing anti-HLA-G antibodies. To note, in a HLA-G-mediated fashion, MSC facilitated the expansion of a CD4low/CD8low T subset that had decreased secretion of IFN-Îł, and an induced secretion of the immunomodulatory cytokine IL-10. Because of their longer lasting in vitro immunosuppressive properties, mainly mediated by HLA-G, and their more efficient induction of IL-10 production and T cell apoptosis, fetal liver MSC could be considered a new tool for MSC therapy to prevent allograft rejection

    A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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    IntroductionDes libertés aprÚs le libéralisme

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    On a pu montrer rĂ©cemment (voir Audard, 2009) qu’il existe plusieurs lectures du libĂ©ralisme en appui sur plusieurs histoires du libĂ©ralisme, ce qui suppose une gamme diversifiĂ©e de libertĂ©s libĂ©rales. Autant de libĂ©ralismes, autant de figures transitoires si l’on considĂšre l’analyse du libĂ©ralisme dans sa dimension historienne et archivistique, y compris dans le geste, si souvent rĂ©itĂ©rĂ©, de poser la libertĂ© comme un droit naturel. Ainsi, en parlant du libĂ©ralisme au singulier, il s’agit prĂ©..

    Libertés et libéralismes : formation et circulation des concepts

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    "Ce livre part du constat qu'il n'y a pas de rĂ©flexion sur le libĂ©ralisme sans pensĂ©e de la libertĂ© mais que toute pensĂ©e de la libertĂ© ne saurait ĂȘtre incluse dans les diffĂ©rentes formes de libĂ©ralismes. Les deux mots qui se trouvent au dĂ©part de cette interrogation renvoient Ă  des rĂ©alitĂ©s empiriques ou conceptuelles et Ă  des chronologies a priori diffĂ©rentes. LibertĂ© renvoie Ă  une problĂ©matique millĂ©naire, existant depuis que les hommes rĂ©flĂ©chissent sur les formes possibles du vivre ensemble. LibĂ©ralisme se rĂ©fĂšre davantage Ă  un corps de doctrine qui trouve son origine dans une interprĂ©tation du rĂŽle moteur de la libertĂ© pour les Ă©changes et les formes d'organisation de la sociĂ©tĂ©. Le pari de ce recueil d'Ă©tudes, transdisciplinaire par choix et par nĂ©cessitĂ©, est de confronter les deux notions dans leurs usages et leur histoire. Ce livre propose ainsi une cartographie plus fine de ces concepts que celles qui sont proposĂ©es par la littĂ©rature analytique (que ce soit la catĂ©gorisation duale d'Isaiah Berlin opposant libertĂ© positive et libertĂ© nĂ©gative ou l'opposition dĂ©sormais figĂ©e entre libĂ©ralisme et rĂ©publicanisme). L'un des rĂ©sultats de l'entreprise est ainsi de fournir un principe d'explication de la diversitĂ© des libĂ©ralismes, que la littĂ©rature contemporaine s'emploie trop souvent Ă  dĂ©crire, indĂ©pendamment des moments historiques de leur institutionnalisation

    Libertés et libéralismes

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    Ce livre part du constat qu’il n’y a pas de rĂ©flexion sur le libĂ©ralisme sans pensĂ©e de la libertĂ© mais que toute pensĂ©e de la libertĂ© ne saurait ĂȘtre incluse dans les diffĂ©rentes formes de libĂ©ralismes. Les deux mots qui se trouvent au dĂ©part de cette interrogation renvoient Ă  des rĂ©alitĂ©s empiriques ou conceptuelles et Ă  des chronologies a priori diffĂ©rentes. LibertĂ© renvoie Ă  une problĂ©matique millĂ©naire, existant depuis que les hommes rĂ©flĂ©chissent sur les formes possibles du vivre ensemb..

    New record of day geckos feeding on orchid nectar in Reunion Island: can lizards pollinate orchid species?

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    [Extract] Lizard pollination is common among insular floras, often being viewed as an island phenomenon (e.g. Withaker, 1987; Olesen and Valido, 2003; Godinez-Alvarez, 2004). Especially, the genus Phelsuma represents a key taxon in the reproduction of many native plant species (Nyhagen et al., 2001; Hansen, Beer and Muller, 2006; Hansen and Muller 2009; Le PĂ©chon et al., 2013). Day geckos are mainly distributed in the southwestern region of the Indian Ocean (e.g. Austin, Arnold and Jones, 2004). These arboreal lizards are known to include a major component of nectar and pollen in their diet (e.g. Nyhagen et al., 2001; Olesen, Eskildsen and Venkatasamy, 2002; Kaiser 2006; Desoet al., 2008; Olesen et al., 2012; ClĂ©mencet et al., 2013; Minaar et al., 2013), and recent studies, conducted on Mauritius' and Reunion's floras (Mascarene Archipelago), have shown that lizard pollination involves a wide range of plant families, including Rousseaceae (Hansen and MĂŒller 2009), Malvaceae (Hansen, Beer and Muller, 2006; Hansen et al., 2007; Le PĂ©chon et al., 2013) and Araliaceae (Nyhagen et al., 2001). In some cases, pollination by Phelsuma species is vital to ensure sexual reproduction of native endangered plants species (Nyhagen et al., 2001; Hansen, Beer and Muller, 2006; Hansen and MĂŒller 2009). To date, only one observation of a Phelsuma visiting orchid flowers has been reported (Micheneau et al., 2010), and beside this "single day gecko visit" in Reunion Island, only one case of lizard feeding on orchid nectar has been reported in Caymans Island (Burton, 2008), but on extra-floral nectaries only without visiting the flowers of Myrmecophila thomsoniana (Rchb. f.) Rolfe. Here we described and discussed the first case of Phelsuma interactions with flowers from the orchid family in Reunion Island, involving the endemic day gecko Phelsuma borbonica Mertens, 1966 visiting flowers of Angraecum cadetii Bosser (endemic to Reunion and Mauritius) and Angraecum bracteosum Balf. & S. Moore (endemic to Reunion)

    MĂ©tastases endobronchiques de cancers colorectaux (histoire naturelle et place de l'endoscopie interventionnelle)

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    ST ETIENNE-BU MĂ©decine (422182102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Screening blood donations for hepatitis C in Central Africa : Analysis of a risk- and cost- based decision tree

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    International audienceFour screening strategies (no testing, HC Abbott, HC Pasteur, and a combined test) for the detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody in donated blood were considered ina formal decision tree. Decision criteria included residual risk of infection and overall monetary cost. Tree parameters were determined using data from the Central African Republic. The prevalences observed among blood donors for HIV infection, hepatitis B, syphilis, and hepatitis C varied between 6% and 15%. The current residual risk of transfusion-transmitted infections is very high (8.4%). Screening for HCV would bring that risk down to about 3% with either the HC Pasteur, the HC Abbott, or the combined test. Even though baseline analysis gives preference to the HC Abbott test (the combined test coming out last), Monte Carte sensitivity and uncertainty analyses showed that Abbott's and Pasteur's tests are interchangeable, on the basis or either risk or cost consideration
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