1,433 research outputs found
Analysis of the magnetic coupling in binuclear complexes. I. Physics of the coupling
Accurate estimates of the magnetic coupling in binuclear complexes can be obtained from ab initio
configuration interaction ~CI! calculations using the difference dedicated CI technique. The present
paper shows that the same technique also provides a way to analyze the various physical
contributions to the coupling and performs numerical analysis of their respective roles on four
binuclear complexes of Cu (d9) ions. The bare valence-only description ~including direct and
kinetic exchange! does not result in meaningful values. The spin-polarization phenomenon cannot
be neglected, its sign and amplitude depend on the system. The two leading dynamical correlation
effects have an antiferromagnetic character. The first one goes through the dynamical polarization of
the environment in the ionic valence bond forms ~i.e., the M1ÂŻM2 structures!. The second one is
due to the double excitations involving simultaneously single excitations between the bridging
ligand and the magnetic orbitals and single excitations of the environment. This dispersive effect
results in an increase of the effective hopping integral between the magnetic orbitals. Moreover, it
is demonstrated to be responsible for the previously observed larger metal-ligand delocalization
occurring in natural orbitals with respect to the HartreeâFock one
The Massive Progenitor of the Possible Type II-Linear Supernova 2009hd in Messier 66
We present observations of SN2009hd in the nearby galaxy M66. This SN is one
of the closest to us in recent years but heavily obscured by dust, rendering it
unusually faint in the optical, given its proximity. We find that the observed
properties of SN2009hd support its classification as a possible Type II-L SN, a
relatively rare subclass of CC-SNe. High-precision relative astrometry has been
employed to attempt to identify a SN progenitor candidate, based on a
pixel-by-pixel comparison between HST F555W and F814W images of the SN site
prior to explosion and at late times. A progenitor candidate is identified in
the F814W images only; this object is undetected in F555W. Significant
uncertainty exists in the astrometry, such that we cannot definitively identify
this object as the SN progenitor. Via insertion of artificial stars into the
pre-SN HST images, we are able to constrain the progenitor's properties to
those of a possible supergiant, with M(F555W)0>-7.6 mag and (V-I) 0>0.99 mag.
The magnitude and color limits are consistent with a luminous RSG; however,
they also allow for the possibility that the star could have been more yellow
than red. From a comparison with theoretical massive-star evolutionary tracks,
which include rotation and pulsationally enhanced mass loss, we can place a
conservative upper limit on the initial mass for the progenitor of <20 M_sun.
If the actual mass of the progenitor is near the upper range allowed by our
derived mass limit, then it would be consistent with that for the identified
progenitors of the SNII-L 2009kr and the high-luminosity SNII-P 2008cn. The
progenitors of these three SNe may possibly bridge the gap between lower-mass
RSG that explode as SNeII-P and LBV, or more extreme RSG, from which the more
exotic SNeII-n may arise. Very late-time imaging of the SN2009hd site may
provide us with more clues regarding the true nature of its progenitor.Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Ap
Tracing the volatilomic fingerprint of the most popular Italian fortified wines
The aim of the current study was to provide a useful platform to identify characteristic molecular markers related to the authenticity of Italian fortified wines. For this purpose, the volatilomic fingerprint of the most popular Italian fortified wines was established using headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatographyâmass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). Several volatile organic compounds (VOCs), belonging with distinct chemical groups, were identified, ten of which are common to all the analyzed fortified Italian wines. Terpenoids were the most abundant chemical group in Campari bitter wines due to limoneneâs high contribution to the total volatilomic fingerprint, whereas for Marsala wines, alcohols and esters were the most predominant chemical groups. The fortified Italian wines VOCs network demonstrated that the furanic compounds 2-furfural, ethyl furoate, and 5-methyl-2-furfural, constitute potential molecular markers of Marsala wines, while the terpenoids nerol, α-terpeniol, limonene, and menthone isomers, are characteristic of Vermouth wines. In addition, butanediol was detected only in Barolo wines, and ÎČ-phellandrene and ÎČ-myrcene only in Campari wines. The obtained data reveal an adequate tool to establish the authenticity and genuineness of Italian fortified wines, and at the same time constitute a valuable contribution to identify potential cases of fraud or adulteration to which they are subject, due to the high commercial value associated with these wines. In addition, they contribute to the deepening of scientific knowledge that supports its valorization and guarantee of quality and safety for consumers.This work was funded by FCTâFundação para a CiĂȘncia e a Tecnologia through the CQM
Base FundâUIDB/00674/2020, and Programmatic FundâUIDP/00674/2020, and by ARDITIâ
AgĂȘncia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação, through the project
M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000005âCentro de QuĂmica da MadeiraâCQM+
(Madeira 14-20 Program).
The authors also acknowledge the financial support from Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e Tecnologia and
Madeira 14-2020 program to the Portuguese Mass Spectrometry Network through PROEQUI-PRAM
program, M14-20 M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000008. The international collaboration was supported by
the UniversitĂ degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale âA. Avogadroâ as a part of the âFREE MOVER PER
PROGETTIâa.a. 2021/2022â Project (FlavChemâthe Flavor Chemistry of Fortified Wines).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Observations of SN2011fe with INTEGRAL
SN2011fe was detected by the Palomar Transient Factory on August 24th 2011 in
M101 few hours after the explosion. From the early spectra it was immediately
realized that it was a Type Ia supernova thus making this event the brightest
one discovered in the last twenty years. In this paper the observations
performed with the instruments on board of INTEGRAL (SPI, IBIS/ISGRI, JEM-X and
OMC) before and after the maximum of the optical light as well as the
interpretation in terms of the existing models of --ray emission from
such kind of supernovae are reported. All INTEGRAL high-energy have only been
able to provide upper limits to the expected emission due to the decay of
Ni. These bounds allow to reject explosions involving a massive white
dwarf in the sub--Chandrasekhar scenario. On the other hand, the optical light
curve obtained with the OMC camera suggests that the event was produced by a
delayed detonation of a CO white dwarf that produced M of
Ni. In this particular case, INTEGRAL would have only been able to
detect the early --ray emission if the supernova had occurred at a
distance of 2 -3 Mpc, although the brightest event could be visible up to
distances larger by a factor two.Comment: Proceedings of "An INTEGRAL view of the high-energy sky (the first 10
years)" the 9th INTEGRAL Workshop, October 15-19, 2012, Paris, France, in
Proceedings of Science (INTEGRAL 2012), Eds. A. Goldwurm, F. Lebrun and C.
Winkler, http://pos.sissa.it/cgi-bin/reader/conf.cgi?confid=176, id number
PoS (INTEGRAL 2012) 103 (2013
Observation of SN2011fe with INTEGRAL. I. Pre--maximum phase
SN2011fe was detected by the Palomar Transient Factory on August 24th 2011 in
M101 a few hours after the explosion. From the early optical spectra it was
immediately realized that it was a Type Ia supernova thus making this event the
brightest one discovered in the last twenty years. The distance of the event
offered the rare opportunity to perform a detailed observation with the
instruments on board of INTEGRAL to detect the gamma-ray emission expected from
the decay chains of Ni. The observations were performed in two runs, one
before and around the optical maximum, aimed to detect the early emission from
the decay of Ni and another after this maximum aimed to detect the
emission of Co. The observations performed with the instruments on board
of INTEGRAL (SPI, IBIS/ISGRI, JEMX and OMC) have been analyzed and compared
with the existing models of gamma-ray emission from such kind of supernovae. In
this paper, the analysis of the gamma-ray emission has been restricted to the
first epoch. Both, SPI and IBIS/ISGRI, only provide upper-limits to the
expected emission due to the decay of Ni. These upper-limits on the
gamma-ray flux are of 7.1 10 ph/s/cm for the 158 keV line
and of 2.3 10 ph/s/cm for the 812 keV line. These bounds
allow to reject at the level explosions involving a massive white
dwarf, M in the sub--Chandrasekhar scenario and specifically
all models that would have substantial amounts of radioactive Ni in the
outer layers of the exploding star responsible of the SN2011fe event. The
optical light curve obtained with the OMC camera also suggests that SN2011fe
was the outcome of the explosion, possibly a delayed detonation although other
models are possible, of a CO white dwarf that synthesized M
of Ni. For this specific model.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 10 pages, 10 figure
Gemini Planet Imager Observational Calibrations VI: Photometric and Spectroscopic Calibration for the Integral Field Spectrograph
The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) is a new facility instrument for the Gemini
Observatory designed to provide direct detection and characterization of
planets and debris disks around stars in the solar neighborhood. In addition to
its extreme adaptive optics and corona graphic systems which give access to
high angular resolution and high-contrast imaging capabilities, GPI contains an
integral field spectrograph providing low resolution spectroscopy across five
bands between 0.95 and 2.5 m. This paper describes the sequence of
processing steps required for the spectro-photometric calibration of GPI
science data, and the necessary calibration files. Based on calibration
observations of the white dwarf HD 8049B we estimate that the systematic error
in spectra extracted from GPI observations is less than 5%. The flux ratio of
the occulted star and fiducial satellite spots within coronagraphic GPI
observations, required to estimate the magnitude difference between a target
and any resolved companions, was measured in the -band to be in laboratory measurements and using
on-sky observations. Laboratory measurements for the , , and
filters are also presented. The total throughput of GPI, Gemini South and the
atmosphere of the Earth was also measured in each photometric passband, with a
typical throughput in -band of 18% in the non-coronagraphic mode, with some
variation observed over the six-month period for which observations were
available. We also report ongoing development and improvement of the data cube
extraction algorithm.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures. Proceedings of the SPIE, 9147-30
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