Rehabilitación de fachada y cambio de uso de un edificio unifamiliar a comercial y oficinas

El objetivo del presente proyecto es realizar un estudio de rehabilitación de un edificio entre medianeras, que se encuentra situado en el núcleo histórico de la población de Sitges. Sobre dicho edificio se acometerán simultáneamente dos actuaciones bien diferenciadas. 1. El estudio y rehabilitación de la fachada principal del edificio, manteniendo su estado actual, reparando los deterioros debidos a la proximidad del mar y al mal mantenimiento ejecutado sobre el edificio, a lo largo del tiempo. Teniendo en cuenta su grado de protección, ya que está incluido en el catálogo de protección de edificios municipal. 2. Se va a realizar un cambio de uso del edificio, pasando de ser una vivienda unifamiliar a local comercial en planta baja y 5 oficinas. Esto provocara una actuación en las comunicaciones verticales, tanto de escalera como la implantación de un ascensor inexistente en la actualidad, además de una actuación de la fachada posterior. Este estudio está condicionado, por el grado de protección del edificio y la antigüedad del mismo, ya que lo que se pretende es su puesta en valor. A tal fin se realiza una intervención que incorpora nuevas tecnologías y respeta estilo arquitectónico

A network perspective on the evolution of metabolism by gene duplication

BACKGROUND: Gene duplication followed by divergence is one of the main sources of metabolic versatility. The patchwork and stepwise models of metabolic evolution help us to understand these processes, but their assumptions are relatively simplistic. We used a network-based approach to determine the influence of metabolic constraints on the retention of duplicated genes. RESULTS: We detected duplicated genes by looking for enzymes sharing homologous domains and uncovered an increased retention of duplicates for enzymes catalyzing consecutive reactions, as illustrated by the ligases acting in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan. As a consequence, metabolic networks show a high retention of duplicates within functional modules, and we found a preferential biochemical coupling of reactions that partially explains this bias. A similar situation was found in enzyme-enzyme interaction networks, but not in interaction networks of non-enzymatic proteins or gene transcriptional regulatory networks, suggesting that the retention of duplicates results from the biochemical rules governing substrate-enzyme-product relationships. We confirmed a high retention of duplicates between chemically similar reactions, as illustrated by fatty-acid metabolism. The retention of duplicates between chemically dissimilar reactions is, however, also greater than expected by chance. Finally, we detected a significant retention of duplicates as groups, instead of single pairs. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that in silico modeling of the origin and evolution of metabolism is improved by the inclusion of specific functional constraints, such as the preferential biochemical coupling of reactions. We suggest that the stepwise and patchwork models are not independent of each other: in fact, the network perspective enables us to reconcile and combine these models

Influence of intellectual impairment (II) on basketball players' capacity to solve a game situation: towards evidence-based classification systems in II-basketball

El baloncesto para personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI) requiere del desarrollo de sistemas de elegibilidad basados en la evidencia que garanticen la participación en estas competiciones únicamente de deportistas con limitaciones significativas para practicar baloncesto. Además, esto es necesario para re incluir el baloncesto-DI en el programa Paralímpico. Para hacer esto, es necesario investigar cómo la DI impacta sobre las actividades fundamentales del baloncesto. Para cubrir esta necesidad, el objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la capacidad de resolver situaciones de juego en jugadores con y sin DI. Un test de campo se diseñó ad hoc en el que 38 jugadores de alto nivel con DI de Francia, Portugal, Australia y Japón que participaron en los Global Games (2015) y 38 jugadores sin DI participantes en competiciones Españolas, tenían que resolver 8 situaciones estandarizadas de juego. Los resultados indicaron que los jugadores con DI usaron significativamente (p≤0.05) más tiempo para decidir (0.92±0.2s) que los jugadores sin DI (0.63±0.1s) así como para ejecutar la solución (DI: 3.01±0.4s; sin DI: 2.56±0.3s). También, los jugadores con DI hicieron más infracciones del reglamento (DI: 7.11±1.4; sin DI: 7.71±0.7), más fintas (DI: 1.37±1.4; sin DI: 0.3±0.6), más botes (DI: 15.08±3.9; sin DI: 12.29±2.3) y consiguieron menos éxito final en la solución (DI: 4.42±1.5; sin DI: 5.39±1.3). Sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias en el número de decisiones correctas realizadas. El tiempo de decisión, el número de botes y las situaciones solventadas con éxito fueron las variables que más discriminaron entre jugadores con y sin DI. Estos resultados confirmaron la influencia negativa de la DI sobre la capacidad para resolver una situación de juego en baloncesto. La función discriminante nos permite establecer las puntuaciones mínimas en este test que indican limitaciones significativas en la capacidad de resolver una situación de juego. Estas puntuaciones son aplicables para determinar criterios de elegibilidad en baloncesto-DI a nivel mundial

Observed degradation in photovoltaic plants affected by hot-spots

A number of findings have shown that the test procedures currently available to determine the reliability and durability of photovoltaic (PV) modules are insufficient to detect certain problems. To improve these procedures, ongoing research into the actual performance of the modules in the field is required. However, scientific literature contains but few references to field studies of defective modules. This article studies two different localized heating phenomena affecting the PV modules of two large-scale PV plants in Spain. The first problem relates to weak solder joints whilst the second is due to microcracks on the module cells. For both cases, the cause is identified, and consideration is given with regard to the effect on performance, the potential deterioration over time, and a way to detect the problems identified. The findings contained in this paper will prove to be of considerable interest to maintenance personnel at large-scale PV plants and also to those responsible for setting module quality standards and specifications, and even the PV module manufacturers themselves

STC power for 15MW of PV comparing nameplate, initial power and power after 4 years

To date, the majority of quality controls performed at PV plants are based on the measurement of a small sample of individual modules. Consequently, there is very little representative data on the real Standard Test Conditions (STC) power output values for PV generators. This paper presents the power output values for more than 1300 PV generators having a total installed power capacity of almost 15.3 MW. The values were obtained by the INGEPER-UPNA group, in collaboration with the IES-UPM, through a study to monitor the power output of a number of PV plants from 2006 to 2009. This work has made it possible to determine, amongst other things, the power dispersion that can be expected amongst generators made by different manufacturers, amongst generators made by the same manufacturer but comprising modules of different nameplate ratings and also amongst generators formed by modules with the same characteristics. The work also analyses the STC power output evolution over time in the course of this 4-year study. The values presented here could be considered to be representative of generators with fault-free modules

Nuevo fragmento de AE 1981, 559 (Santa Eulalia la Mayor, Huesca)

We present a new inscription discovered from Santa Eulalia la Mayor (Huesca) that belongs to the fragmentary AE 1981, 559. this study offers some re-readings after respective autopsies that includes certain novelties regarding the onomastic elements.; Presentamos un nuevo fragmento de inscripción procedente de Santa Eulalia la Mayor (Huesca) que pertenece a la incompleta pieza AE 1981, 559. Este estudio ofrece algunas relecturas tras realizar autopsias sobre ambas partes, así como ciertas novedades interpretativas de tipo onomástico

The hidden universal distribution of amino acid biosynthetic networks: a genomic perspective on their origins and evolution

A core of widely distributed network branches biosynthesizing at least 16 out of the 20 standard amino acids is predicted using comparative genomics

Free and esterified carotenoids in ornaments of an avian species: the relationship to color expression and sources of variability

Many animal species show ornaments with yellow-orange-red colors produced by carotenoid pigments. Such traits have evolved as reliable signals of individual quality because of the costs inherent to their production or maintenance. In animal tissues, carotenoids are often found combined with free fatty acids, as carotenoid esters, which may confer more stability to coloration than free carotenoids. Surprisingly, the potential relevance of carotenoid esterification in the expression of animal sexual signals has been virtually ignored. Moreover, the sources of variability of esterified carotenoid levels are barely known, because most studies have not quantified their concentrations. Here, carotenoids in the ornaments (bill, eye rings, and legs) of red-legged partridges Alectoris rufa were quantified in their free and esterified forms. Carotenoid ester levels were the best predictors of leg color, whereas the redness of the other traits was better explained by free carotenoids. Nonetheless, total carotenoid levels (the sum of free and esterified forms) were always significantly correlated to redness. Young partridges had lower levels of free and esterified carotenids in the legs than did older individuals. Also, wild animals had higher ester levels and a higher proportion of carotenoids in esterified forms in all traits than did captive partridges. Probable physiological mechanisms explaining these patterns are discussed.Esther García-de Blas was supported by a predoctoral grant (JAE-PRE program) from the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas cofinanced by Fondo Socia Europeo. Lorenzo Pérez-Rodríguez was supported by a “Juan de la Cierva” postdoctoral contract from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (JCI-2008-2059). This study was funded by Consejería de Educación y Ciencia, Junta de Comunidades de Castilla la Mancha (PII1I09-0271-5037), and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CGL2009-10883-C02-02) from the Spanish government.Peer reviewe

Optimisation of the extraction and purification of chondroitin sulphate from head by-products of Prionace glauca by environmental friendly processes

8 páginas, 3 figuras, 3 tablasThe goal of the present work was to optimise the different environmental friendly processes involved in the extraction and purification of chondroitin sulphate (CS) from Prionace glauca head wastes. The experimental development was based on second order rotatable designs and evaluated by response surface methodology combined with a previous kinetic approach. The sequential stages optimised were: (1) the enzymatic hydrolysis of head cartilage catalysed by alcalase (55.7 °C/pH 8.2); (2) the chemical treatment of enzyme hydrolysates by means of alkaline-hydroalcoholic saline solutions (NaOH: 0.54 M, EtOH: 1.17 v, NaCl: 2.5%) to end the protein hydrolysis and to precipitate and selectively redissolve CS versus the peptidic material and (3) the selective purification and concentration of CS and the concomitant protein permeation of extracts which were obtained from previous treatment using ultrafiltration and diafiltration (UF–DF) technologies at two different cut-offsFinancial support from projects MARMED 2011-1/164 (Atlantic Area Programme, EU), 0687_NOVOMAR_1_P (POCTEP Programme, EU) and iSEAS LIFE13 ENV/ES/000131 (LIFE+ Programme, EU) is acknowledgedPeer reviewe