Exposure to selected pathogens in Geoffroy's cats and domestic carnivores from central Argentina

Wild carnivores share a high percentage of parasites and viruses with closely related domestic carnivores. Because of increased overlap and potential contact with domestic species, we conducted a retrospective serosurvey for 11 common carnivore pathogens in 40 Geoffroy's cats (Leopardus geoffroyi) sampled between 2000 and 2008 within or near two protected areas in central Argentina (Lihué Calel National Park, La Pampa, and Campos del Tuyú National Park, Buenos Aires), as well as five domestic cats and 11 domestic dogs from cattle ranches adjacent to Lihué Calel Park. Geoffroy's cats had detectable antibody to canine distemper virus (CDV), feline calicivirus (FCV), feline coronavirus, feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), Toxoplasma gondii, Leptospira interrogans (serovars Ictero/Icter and Ballum), and Dirofilaria immitis. None of the wild cats had antibodies to feline herpesvirus, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), feline leukemia virus, or rabies virus. Domestic dogs had antibodies to CDV, canine adenovirus, canine herpesvirus, and canine parvovirus. Antibodies to FPV, FCV, FIV, and T. gondii were found in domestic cats.We provide the first data on exposure of free-ranging Geoffroy's cats to pathogens at two sites within the core area of the species distribution range, including the first report of antibodies to CDV in this species. We encourage continued monitoring for diseases in wild and domestic carnivores as well as preventive health care for domestic animals, particularly in park buffer zones where overlap is greatest.Fil: Uhart, Marcela María. ildlife Conservation Society; ArgentinaFil: Rago, María Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Marull, Carolina A.. ildlife Conservation Society; ArgentinaFil: Ferreyra, Hebe del Valle. ildlife Conservation Society; ArgentinaFil: Pereira, Javier Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; Argentin

Efectos del apego seguro y el riesgo psicosocial en los problemas infantiles interiorizados y exteriorizados

El apego seguro al cuidador principal es un promotor del desarrollo. El objetivo del estudio fue explorar el papel moderador y/o mediador del apego dentro de un modelo de relaciones entre el contexto psicosocial de los niños y su ajuste psicológico. La muestra estaba compuesta por dos grupos equivalentes: uno de riesgo psicosocial procedente de un centro tutelado de menores de la Comunidad de Madrid (n=30; 60% varones) y otro grupo de niños provenientes de un entorno familiar normativo (n=30; 58% varones). La edad media en ambos grupos fue de 5.45 años. Nuestros resultados sugieren el papel del apego como un potencial mecanismo explicativo de las relaciones entre riesgo psicosocial y problemas de ajuste en los niños. Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas de estos resultadosThe secure attachment to the main caretaker is a promoter of the children´s development. The aim of this study was to analyze the mediating and moderating effects of the secure attachment between the psychosocial risk and the children´s psychological adjustment. The sample was composed of two matched groups: a social risk group from a foster care center in Madrid (n=30; 60% boys); and a non-social risk group (n=30; 58% males) from the general population. The average age of children was 5.45 years.Our results suggest the secure attachment role as a potential explicative mechanism of relations between the social risk context and the children´s psychological adjustment. Theoretical and practical implications are discusse

Planktonic cyanobacteria from the Abreus Reservoir, Cienfuegos, Cuba

The study of the cyanobacteria that make up the phytoplankton community of reservoirs is very important due to the production of toxins by some phytoplankton taxa. The composition and abundance of cyanobacteria and their relationship to physicochemical variables was determined during six months (March, April, June, September, November and December) in 2018 at five stations in the Abreus Reservoir, which is located in the south center of the Cienfuegos province (Cuba). Eleven new taxa were observed in the reservoir grouped into seven families, 14 genera, and 34 species. The toxigenic genera Microcystis and Raphidiopsis were observed at all collection points throughout the year, presenting a potentially persistent toxicity threat in this reservoir. Semi-accumulative blooms were reported in September. Microcystis sp. and Raphidiopsis sp. were the most abundant genera during observed blooms. The abundance of some cyanobacterial genera, including Microcystis, Aphanocapsa, Raphidiopsis and Dolichospermum, were strongly correlated with water temperature and transparency. Microcystin values are reported for the first time in Abreus Reservoir

Could road safety education (RSE) help parents protect children? Examining their driving crashes with children on board

Recent evidence suggests that driving behavior and traffic safety outcomes of parents may be influenced by the extent to which they receive information and education on road safety, as well as the fact of driving with their children on board, which may increase their risk perception. However, there are no studies specifically addressing the case of crashes suffered while driving with children. Hence, this study aimed to describe the relationship between road safety education-related variables and parents' traffic safety outcomes while driving with children on board. For this cross-sectional study, data was retrieved from a sample composed of 165 Spanish parents¿all of them licensed drivers¿with a mean age of 45.3 years. Through binary logistic regression (logit) analysis, it was found that factors such as gender, having received road safety education (RSE), and having been sanctioned for the performance of risky driving behavior contribute to modulating the likelihood of suffering crashes while driving with children on board. Gender differences showed a riskier status for male parents. In this study, a set of risk factors explaining the involvement in traffic crashes when driving with children as passengers was identified among parents: gender, traffic sanctions, valuation, and exposure to road safety campaigns. Also, substantial limitations in the self-reported degree of received RSE were found, especially considering that risky driving behavior and traffic crash rates with children on board still have a high prevalence among parent

La institución matrimonial en España y su proceso de reinvención

La institución matrimonial ha sido objeto de una abundante legislación y jurisprudencia. El Tribunal Europeo de Derechos humanos y el Tribunal Constitucional español han aceptado el matrimonio homosexual y la equiparación de las uniones afectivas con la institución matrimonial regulada durante siglos. Este trabajo analiza algunas de las sentencias más significativas del TEDH y la STC 198/2012

Caracterización productiva y demográfica de la raza ovina montesina

La raza ovina Montesina se ha explotado tradicionalmente en zonas muy hostiles de alta montaña (por encima de 1.000 metros sobre nivel del mar), caracterizadas por la escasa pluviosidad y su mal reparto a lo largo del año, donde aprovecha los pastos de zonas marginales: ralos, escasos y de mala calidad. En los últimos años, el número de efectivos ha sufrido un fuerte retroceso, pasando de los 300.000 ejemplares, criados en pureza, censados durante la década de los 80 a sólo 1.366 en la actualidad. Este descenso se ha producido en beneficio de razas mejorantes como la Merina o la Segureña. En este trabajo se presentan las características del sistema de producción, el censo actual, la distribución geográfica y las principales características productivas de la raza. Según nuestros resultados, se trata de una raza explotada en régimen extensivo, de un enorme potencial cárnico, gran adaptabilidad al medio y una enorme capacidad de aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales, siendo escasa la necesidad de realizar suplementación. Es una raza con una prolificidad del 123 %, cuyos corderos tienen un peso medio al nacimiento de 3,97 kg, alcanzando su máxima tasa de crecimiento (280 g/día) hacia la 4ª semana de vida.Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria RZ-03-01

Nocardiosis en un perro

Se describe un caso de nocardiosis en un perro. Se presentan y discuten el cuadro clínico y los hallazgos microbiológicos, ana tomo patológicos e histopatológicos.A case of canine nocardiosis is described. Its clinical, microbiological, pathological and histopathological findings are presented and discussed

Variation in practice regarding pretreatment with dual antiplatelet therapy for patients with non–ST elevation myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND: Despite guideline recommendations, a significant number of patients with non–ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) do not receive dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) before angiography “pretreatment.” While there may be valid clinical reasons to not pretreat, such as concern for bleeding or multivessel disease warranting coronary artery bypass graft surgery, the degree of variability and factors associated with DAPT pretreatment are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: From the multicenter TRIUMPH registry, 1632 NSTEMI patients were not taking DAPT on admission and were included in the study cohort. Among the study patients, only 22% patients received DAPT pretreatment. A multivariable logistic regression model showed that race other than white or black (odds ratio [OR] 0.41, 95% CI 0.21–0.83), hemoglobin level (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.08–1.29), patients’ bleeding risk (assessed with NCDR CathPCI Bleeding Risk Score) (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.74–0.99), and severe left ventricular dysfunction (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.13–0.65) were the main predictors of pretreatment with DAPT, whereas likelihood of needing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (GRACE prediction model) was not (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.88–1.35). Median ORs were calculated to assess variability of receiving DAPT pretreatment across sites after adjustment for patient characteristics. Receiving DAPT pretreatment varied substantially across sites (range 0–100%, mean OR 3.94, P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: While deviating from guideline‐recommended DAPT pretreatment in patients with NSTEMI was associated with patient factors (eg, bleeding risk), marked variation was present across sites after accounting for patient‐level characteristics. This suggests that site‐level interventions are needed to improve concordance with current guidelines