Australia New Zealand Leadership Adventure 2017

STEP Category: LeadershipSTEP Category: Education AbroadA 21-day leadership development and adventure trip to Australia and New Zealand in May 2017.The Ohio State University Second-year Transformational Experience Program (STEP)Academic Major: Electrical and Computer Engineerin

Event detection and analysis of a dense three-component near-summit seismic array deployed at Erebus volcano

Includes bibliographical references.2022 Fall.Erebus volcano on Ross Island, Antarctica has maintained an erupting phonolitic lava lake for at least five decades. During active periods, the lava lake hosts large (up to ~10-m diameter) gas slugs rising through the conduit that create impulsive Strombolian eruptions and produce very long period (VLP) signals on broadband seismograms. We combine near-summit broadband observations and reanalyze data from a 100-station three-component short-period (4.5 Hz geophones) network deployed in an approximately 3 by 3 km region around the Main Crater during December 2008. Lava lake eruption template events are identified on broadband seismograms from their characteristic and repeating VLP spectral signature of nonharmonic modes between 0.033 and 0.2 Hz. Multi-channel and multi-station waveform matched filter correlations are performed across the short-period network using template events and correlation values that are three or more standard deviations are extracted into a working Inner Crater event catalogue, yielding 819 event detections over 19 days. While 94% of the signals in this catalogue are unique, 17 "families" of repeating lava lake events can also be identified through similar waveforms determined by Ward clustering on 5 stations, which are further interpreted for trends in location, size, and occurrence. We observe time-varying quasi-Poissonian interevent times and an approximately power-law size-frequency distribution with an excess of small events. Investigating the various event families that transpire in the Inner Crater region contributes to improved characterization and understanding of the seismogenic behavior of the lava lake degassing system and assists in the creation of a workflow that can be applied in volcanic and other circumstances that generate prolific low-level impulsive seismicity

Anion-channel blockade with alinidine: a specific bradycardic drug for coronary heart disease without negative inotropic activity

In 14 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for suspected coronary artery disease, alinidine, 0.6 mg/kg, was administered intravenously to determine its effects on left ventricular (LV) function, coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen consumption. To assess effects independent of changes in heart rate (HR), measurements were made at spontaneous and matched pacing HRs. At spontaneous HR, alinidine decreased HR from 70 +/- 2 to 61 +/- 3 beats/min (p less than 10(-6]. Peak rate of LV pressure decreased from 1,652 +/- 92 to 1,371 +/- 80 mm Hg/s (p less than 10(-5] and Vmax decreased from 47 +/- 3 to 41 +/- 2 s-1 (p less than 10(-4]. Coronary sinus blood flow decreased from 109 +/- 9 to 89 +/- 7 ml/min (p less than 0.01) and myocardial oxygen consumption from 10.9 +/- 1.0 to 9.0 +/- 0.8 ml O2/min (p less than 0.05). At a matched pacing HR of 98 +/- 3 beats/min before and after alinidine administration, peak rate of LV pressure decreased from 1,984 +/- 124 to 1,793 +/- 106 mm Hg/s (p less than 10(-4] and Vmax from 60 +/- 5 to 56 +/- 4 s-1 (p less than 0.02). Coronary sinus blood flow and myocardial oxygen consumption were not significantly changed at matched pacing HRs. The time constant of the first 40 ms of LV isovolumic relaxation was prolonged by alinidine only during spontaneous HR. Thus, alinidine results in a bradycardia-dependent decrease in myocardial oxygen consumption. It has negative inotropic properties independent of changes in HR and so is not a pure bradycardia-specific agent

Hidrogéis binários de poli (álcool) viníico e pectinas : avaliação de propriedades físico-químicas e utilização como fase extratora

Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Izabel Cristina Riegel-VidottiCoorientadora: Profa. Dra. Fernanda Fogagnoli SimasDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química. Defesa : Curitiba, 31/07/2019Inclui referênciasResumo: Hidrogéis são materiais que apresentam propriedades físico-químicas moduláveis e em virtude disso são passíveis de aplicação nas mais diversas áreas. Dentre os polímeros que podem ser utilizados no preparo de hidrogéis, o álcool polivinílico (PVOH) é um dos mais citados na literatura, isoladamente ou em conjunto com outros materiais. Polissacarídeos são biomoléculas passíveis de serem incorporadas ao PVOH na produção de hidrogéis. São biopolímeros abundantes na natureza e que exibem propriedades relevantes em várias áreas de pesquisa. Nesse sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de hidrogéis compósitos baseados em PVOH e pectinas. Para isso, foram utilizadas pectina cítrica comercial (PC), pectina cítrica comercial dialisada (dPC) e pectina extraída da casca do maracujá (PPC), as quais apresentaram diferentes massas molares e graus de metil esterificação (GM). Tais diferenças foram observadas em análises de cromatografia de exclusão por tamanho de alta pressão (HPSEC) e ressonância magnética nuclear de hidrogênio (RMN-1H), respectivamente. Previamente à formação dos hidrogéis, foram realizadas análises reológicas das dispersões de PVOH/pectinas em diferentes concentrações mássicas. Foi verificado que em concentrações muito baixas de pectina, (P5PC1, P5dPC1 e P5PPC1), não houve diferença na viscosidade das dispersões preparadas, entretanto, com o incremento da concentração de pectina na dispersão, observou-se que as dispersões preparadas com a PC apresentaram os menores valores de viscosidade em todas as concentrações estudadas, comparadas com as outras pectinas. Isso pode estar relacionado com o fato de a PC possuir compostos pécticos de baixa massa molar e também contaminantes como frutose e sacarose em sua composição. Foi realizado o estudo da gelificação dos hidrogéis in situ no reômetro e por aquecimento na estufa. Em baixas concentrações de ambos os polímeros, (P5PC1, P5dPC1 e P5PPC1), não houve diferença no tempo de gelificação dos hidrogéis, bem como na força dos hidrogéis gelificados na estufa. Quando se aumentou a concentração, (P15PC2, P15dPC2 e P15PPC2) foram observadas diferenças nos tempos de gelificação dos hidrogéis preparados no reômetro e na força dos hidrogéis preparados na estufa, dependendo da pectina utilizada. O grau de intumescimento e sinerese não variou significativamente ao comparar-se os hidrogéis, quanto ao tipo de pectina utilizada. Nas análises de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foi possível constatar que as três pectinas formam sistemas bifásicos com o PVOH, de modo que as pectinas se distribuem na matriz de PVOH na forma de partículas esféricas, que proporcionam maior porosidade ao material. O tamanho destas partículas apresentou-se bastante semelhante para as amostras PC e dPC. Para a amostra PPC os tamanhos de partículas se apresentaram bastante irregulares e com a distribuição mais heterogênea na matriz. Foi escolhido o hidrogel preparado com 15% de PVOH e 2% de pectina para ser testado como fase extratora para os compostos poluentes de preocupação emergente estriol, estrona e 17 Beta -estradiol. Estes compostos são altamente polares e sua extração utilizando-se fases extratoras disponíveis comercialmente é bastante difícil. Foi possível constatar, por análise de cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CG-MS/MS) que os hidrogéis preparados com as três pectinas foram capazes de extrair os compostos de interesse, entretanto o hidrogel preparado a partir da pectina PPC apresentou a menor eficiência de extração. Este fato pode estar relacionado à distribuição irregular das partículas esféricas na matriz de álcool polivinílico e também à força que este hidrogel apresentou nas análises reológicas.Abstract: Hydrogels are materials that have modulable physicochemical properties and therefore are applicable in many areas. Among the polymers that can be used in the preparation of hydrogels, polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) is one of the most cited in the literature, alone or in conjunction with other materials. Polysaccharides are biomolecules that can be incorporated into PVOH in the production of hydrogels. They are biopolymers abundant in nature and exhibiting relevant properties in various areas of research. In this sense, this work aimed at the development of PVOH-based composite hydrogels and pectins. For this, commercial citrus pectin (PC), dialyzed commercial citrus pectin (dPC) and passion fruit rind (PPC) pectin were used, which presented different molar masses and degrees of methyl esterification (GM). Such differences were observed in high pressure size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) analyzes, respectively. Prior to the formation of hydrogels, rheological analyzes of PVOH / pectin dispersions were performed at different mass concentrations. It was found that at very low concentrations of pectin (P5PC1, P5dPC1 and P5PPC1), there was no difference in the viscosity of the dispersions prepared, however, with the increase of pectin concentration in the dispersion, it was observed that dispersions prepared with CP the lowest viscosity values at all studied concentrations compared to the other pectins. This may be related to the fact that PC has low molecular weight pectic compounds and also contaminants such as fructose and sucrose in their composition. The study of gelation of hydrogels in situ on the rheometer and by heating in the greenhouse. At low concentrations of both polymers (P5PC1, P5dPC1 and P5PPC1), there was no difference in the gelation time of the hydrogels, as well as in the strength of the greenhouse gelled hydrogels. When the concentration was increased, (P15PC2, P15dPC2 and P15PPC2) differences were observed in the gelation times of the rheometer prepared hydrogels and the strength of the greenhouse prepared hydrogels, depending on the pectin used. The degree of swelling and syneresis did not vary significantly when comparing the hydrogels, regarding the type of pectin used. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyzes showed that the three pectins form biphasic systems with PVOH, so that the pectins are distributed in the PVOH matrix in the form of spherical particles, which provide greater porosity to the material. The size of these particles was quite similar for the PC and dPC samples. For the PPC sample the particle sizes were quite irregular and with the most heterogeneous distribution in the matrix. The hydrogel prepared with 15% PVOH and 2% pectin was chosen to be tested as an extractor phase for the pollutant compounds of emerging concern estriol, estrone and 17 Beta -estradiol. These compounds are highly polar and their extraction using commercially available extractor phases is quite difficult. It was possible to verify by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (CG-MS/MS) that the hydrogels prepared with the three pectins were able to extract the compounds of interest, however the hydrogel prepared from the pectin PPC showed the lowest. extraction efficiency. This fact may be related to the irregular distribution of spherical particles in the polyvinyl alcohol matrix and also to the force that this hydrogel presented in the rheological analyzes

Experiências do Pibid no Colégio Estadual Cristo Rei: a vivência escolar contribuindo para formação docente

Anais do II Seminário Seminário Estadual PIBID do Paraná: tecendo saberes / organizado por Dulcyene Maria Ribeiro e Catarina Costa Fernandes — Foz do Iguaçu: Unioeste; Unila, 2014Na maioria das áreas de ensino de graduação era priorizada a formação de bacharéis, mas ao longo dos anos esse cenário veio se modificando de forma positiva com a valorização das licenciaturas. Este trabalho mostra as experiências que minimizam a distância que existe entre a graduação e o exercício da docência através do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) realizado no Colégio Estadual Cristo Rei em Guarapuava, Paraná. No trabalho será apresentado o desenvolvimento do projeto e algumas das atividades realizadas ao longo de 4 anos. Atividades que tiveram papel importante no desenvolvimento da formação docente dos bolsistas do programa

Improved Models of Coalescence Ages of Y-DNA Haplogroups

Databases of commercial DNA-testing companies now contain more customers with sequenced DNA than any completed academic study, leading to growing interest from academic and forensic entities. An important result for both these entities and the test takers themselves is how closely two individuals are related in time, as calculated through one or more molecular clocks. For Y-DNA, existing interpretations of these clocks are insufficiently accurate to usefully measure relatedness in historic times. In this article, I update the methods used to calculate coalescence ages (times to most-recent common ancestor, or TMRCAs) using a new, probabilistic statistical model that includes Y-SNP, Y-STR and ancilliary historical data, and provide examples of its use

The first case series of malaria overlapped with COVID-19 in Iran

Introduction: Although indigenous malaria cases have dramatically declined over the past decades, the COVID pandemic has continued to affect the programs designed to combat malaria, particularly in those countries where hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine have been used as medications for treating COVID. Two immigrants entered Iran illegally from neighboring countries (i.e., Afghanistan and Pakistan). This study mainly aimed to assess the effects of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on these cases from all aspects (i.e., case-finding, diagnosis, and treatment). Case Presentation: Both cases presented with common symptoms such as fever and shaking chills. In addition, they had no sign of COVID-19, and their oxygen level and CT images were normal in some cases, but they were mistakenly treated as COVID-19 patients long after the onset of malaria symptoms. One of the suspected coronavirus cases was given chloroquine on a voluntary basis for one day, which may have been responsible for the possible relapse in vivax or resistance of plasmodium vivax to chloroquine and the recurrence of parasitemia in falciparum. Conclusions: The active case detection of malaria was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Case finding was dramatically decreased with the onset of coronavirus, thereby causing a spurt in malaria incidence. Moreover, the malaria treatment strategy was negatively affected by the misdiagnosis of COVID-19

Acute effects of intravenous nisoldipine on left ventricular function and coronary hemodynamics

The hemodynamic effects of nisoldipine were investigated in 16 patients with suspected coronary artery disease who underwent routine cardiac catheterization. Nisoldipine was given intravenously in a dose of 6 micrograms/kg over 3 minutes and measurements made before and after drug administration during spontaneous and matched atrial paced heart rate. During sinus rhythm, nisoldipine produced a significant increase in heart rate (19%, p less than 10(-5]. Left ventricular systolic pressure decreased 28% (p less than 10(-6) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure did not change significantly (5%, difference not significant). Coronary sinus and great cardiac vein blood flow increased by 21% (p less than 0.02) and 25% (p less than 0.005), respectively, after nisoldipine administration. Simultaneously, mean aortic pressure decreased 33% (p less than 10(-6]; consequently, the global and regional coronary vascular resistances decreased by 50% (p less than 10(-4]. The decreases in global (-8%) and regional (-4%) myocardial oxygen consumption did not reach statistical significance. A 6% (not significant) increase in end-diastolic volume and an 11% (p less than 0.002) decrease in end-systolic volume resulted in an increase of 21% in stroke volume (p less than 10(-4] with a consistent increase in ejection fraction (+16%, p less than 10(-5]. Total systemic vascular resistance was reduced by 30% (p less than 0.0002). During spontaneous heart rate and matched atrial pacing, the time constant of isovolumic relaxation as assessed by a biexponential model, was significantly shortened.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS

Acute effects of intravenous nisoldipine on left ventricular function and coronary hemodynamics

The hemodynamic effects of nisoldipine were investigated in 16 patients with suspected coronary artery disease who underwent routine cardiac catheterization. Nisoldipine was given intravenously in a dose of 6 micrograms/kg over 3 minutes and measurements made before and after drug administration during spontaneous and matched atrial paced heart rate. During sinus rhythm, nisoldipine produced a significant increase in heart rate (19%, p less than 10(-5]. Left ventricular systolic pressure decreased 28% (p less than 10(-6) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure did not change significantly (5%, difference not significant). Coronary sinus and great cardiac vein blood flow increased by 21% (p less than 0.02) and 25% (p less than 0.005), respectively, after nisoldipine administration. Simultaneously, mean aortic pressure decreased 33% (p less than 10(-6]; consequently, the global and regional coronary vascular resistances decreased by 50% (p less than 10(-4]. The decreases in global (-8%) and regional (-4%) myocardial oxygen consumption did not reach statistical significance. A 6% (not significant) increase in end-diastolic volume and an 11% (p less than 0.002) decrease in end-systolic volume resulted in an increase of 21% in stroke volume (p less than 10(-4] with a consistent increase in ejection fraction (+16%, p less than 10(-5]. Total systemic vascular resistance was reduced by 30% (p less than 0.0002). During spontaneous heart rate and matched atrial pacing, the time constant of isovolumic relaxation as assessed by a biexponential model, was significantly shortened.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS