A Study of performance differences between a hybrid and rapid access film system, and calibration strategies for an imagersetter

An imagesetter can be calibrated by measuring solid density and using a linearizing program. An alternative method consists of adjusting exposure in order to optimize resolution. This method works well with a rapid access system; however, preliminary tests show that it may not be applicable to a hybrid system. This study had the following purposes: (1) to investigate the differences in response over the halftone range between a hybrid film and a rapid access film on a laser exposure imagesetter, (2) to evaluate the applicability of calibra tion and linearization methods using checkerboard patterns, (3)to determine a better method, if the checkerboard method is not adequate for the hybrid system, and (4) to explain the differences of the two films in terms of their fundamental characteristics. An exposure series of continuous-tone gray scales and a test page with halftone scales were performed on an imagesetter using hybrid film and rapid access film, which were Kodak Imageset 2000 film and Kodak PagiSet film respectively. From the continuous-tone exposure series, it was found that Imageset 2000 film has significandy higher contrast than PagiSet film. A linear relationship was found between laser intensity units of the imagesetter and exposure in terms of energy. The slope of these plots were a function of the laser beam. From the test form\u27s exposure series, it was found that matching the density of the lxl checkerboard to that of 50% reference tint on the UGRA/FOGRA PostScript Digital Control Strip is applicable for calibrating and linearizing common screen rulings within a tolerance of 1 % on PagiSet film. However, maximum density at practical exposure of Pagiset film is too low. Overexposure is needed in order to obtain a satisfied maximum density; and therefore, a linearizing program is required to correct the non-linearity. For Imageset 2000 film, matching the density of the 2x2 checkerboard to that of 50% reference tint on the UGRA/FOGRA PostScript Digital Control Strip is applicable for calibrating and linearizing common screen rulings with a satisfied maximum density. Imageset 2000 film has a slightly lower modulation transfer function than PagiSet film. There was some evidence that showed chemical spread for Imageset 2000 film

概念マップと確信度情報に基づく適応的フィードバックに関する研究

広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(工学)Doctor of Engineeringdoctora

Development of Potential in Value-Added Marketing Strategy Management and Application for Durian Agro-Community Enterprise in Deep South Provinces

The purposes of this study were to develop a management system for increasing the competitiveness of Yala’s agro-community enterprises, and to develop the potential of agro-community enterprises by adding value to the market share of durian via application of the concept of integration through the supply chain and value chain. The methodology followed a participatory action research approach with a sample group consisting of three durian-related enterprises, namely the Community Enterprise of Ban Batoo Puteh Quality Development, Yala Agricultural Marketing Co-Operative Limited, and the Fruit Processing Group of the community enterprise in Bannang Sata district. Data were collected via interview and group discussion, while data analysis involved data explanation and description. The results revealed that the development of a management system for adding to the competitiveness of Yala’s agro-community enterprises consists of the development of organizational structure, the member system, and a development plan management system. It was also found that the development of the potential of agro-community enterprise relates to adding value to the market share of durian by applying the concept of integration through the supply chain and value chain. This consisted of product development, marketing strategies, enhancing management efficiency, and building networks

Characterizations of modules definable in o-minimal structures

Let $\mathfrak M$ be an o-minimal expansion of a densely linearly ordered set and $(S, +, \cdot, 0_S, 1_S)$ be a ring definable in $\mathfrak M$. In this article, we develop two techniques for the study of characterizations of $S$-modules definable in $\mathfrak M$. The first technique is an algebraic technique. More precisely, we show that every $S$-module definable in $\mathfrak M$ is finitely generated. For the other technique, we prove that every $S$-module definable in $\mathfrak M$ admits a unique definable $S$-module manifold topology. As consequences, we obtain the following: (1) if $S$ is finite, then a module $A$ is isomorphic to an $S$-module definable in $\mathfrak M$ if and only if $A$ is finite; (2) if $S$ is an infinite ring without zero divisors, then a module $A$ is isomorphic to an $S$-module definable in $\mathfrak M$ if and only if $A$ is a finite dimensional free module over $S$; and (3) if $\mathfrak M$ is an expansion of an ordered divisible abelian group and $S$ is an infinite ring without zero divisors, then every $S$-module definable in $\mathfrak M$ is definably connected with respect to the unique definable $S$-module manifold topology

Correctness- and Confidence-based Adaptive Feedback of Kit-Build Concept Map with Confidence Tagging

In this paper, we present an adaptive feedback of Kit-Build concept map with confidence tagging (KB map-CT) for improving the understanding of learners in a reading situation. KB map-CT is a digital tool that supports the concept maps strategy where learners can construct concept maps for representing their understanding as learner maps and can identify their confidence in each proposition of the learner maps as a degree of their understanding. Kit-Build concept map (KB map) has been already realized the propositional level automatic diagnosis of the learner maps. Therefore, KB map-CT can utilize both correctness and confidence information for each proposition to design and distinguish feedback, that is, (1) correct and confident, (2) correct and unconfident, (3) incorrect and confident, and (4) incorrect and unconfident. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the adaptive feedback. The results suggest that learners can revise their maps after receiving feedback appropriately. In “correct and unconfident” case, adaptive feedback is useful to improve the confidence. In the case of “incorrect and confident,” improvement of the propositions was the same ratio with the case of “incorrect and unconfident.” The results of the delay test demonstrate that learners can retain their understanding and confidence one week later.This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 17H0183901.'Artificial Intelligence in Education' 19th International Conference, AIED 2018, London, UK, June 27–30, 2018, Proceedings, Part

Fisheries Co-management: An Experiential Account from Phang Nga Bay, Thailand

Like most other coastal water bodies around the world, this Thailand’s largest bay on the Andaman seaboard has suffered the similar plights that have led to serious deterioration of coastal resources over the years. Despite its natural wealth derived from the fertile watershed and tropical climatic settings, Thailand’s modern economic policies, began in 1960, have partly contributed to heavy exploitation, sometimes with destructive and indiscriminate fishing gears, resulting in a rapid decline in fish and invertebrate standing crops. Under the control of State, all fishing grounds are subject to legal measures issued primarily under the 1947 Fishery Act where fishery patrol workforce has confronted the persistent illegal fishers who have taken control by their sheer number. The government has also implemented the resource restoration measures, e.g. artificial reef placement, closed season, and closed area. The impacts on marine fisheries of marine shrimp farming that has occupied the increasing acreage along the fertile shoreline have been noted, as it closely links to other aquacultural practices, particularly those in and around the Bay. Attempting to take control in this difficult game of number, Thailand adopted community-based fishery management in the 1960s with a design for people to control people. The 1947 Constitution has helped accelerated the administrative devolution and much of the centrally controlled measures have since 2003 come under the provincial administration, headed by the more powerful governor CEO. The speedier countermeasures against illegal fishing, by local communities and governor CEO, have proved to be effective, and Phang Nga Bay in the past two years can be said to recover—almost disappearance of destructive fishing, and reappearance of some fish species, e.g. Hilsa, certain dolphins, and dugong. All these have paved a solid foundation for further co-management where all key stakeholders share decision-making and implementing their plans toward achieving their common goals. The 5-year Coastal Habitats and Coastal Resources Management (CHARM) project, co-funded by Royal Thai Government and the European Union has been devising and implementing this concept since November 2002, fortunately with some promising results. Andaman Triangle Network, a recently established coastal resource conservation group comprising relevant government departments, NGOs, and community leaders, has been active in the three provinces bordering Phang Nga Bay. What the ATN has been advocating is the co-management approach, which is intended to replace the centrally management regime, the failure of which has been evidenced by the widespread deterioration of coastal resources

Dissecting the low catalytic capability of flavin-dependent halogenases

Although flavin-dependent halogenases (FDHs) are attractive biocatalysts, their practical applications are limited because of their low catalytic efficiency. Here, we investigated the reaction mechanisms and structures of tryptophan 6-halogenase (Thal) from Streptomyces albogriseolus using stopped-flow, rapid-quench flow, quantum/mechanics molecular mechanics calculations, crystallography, and detection of intermediate (hypohalous acid [HOX]) liberation. We found that the key flavin intermediate, C4a-hydroperoxyflavin (C4aOOH-FAD), formed by Thal and other FDHs (tryptophan 7-halogenase [PrnA] and tryptophan 5-halogenase [PyrH]), can react with I-, Br-, and Cl- but not F- to form C4a-hydroxyflavin and HOX. Our experiments revealed that I- reacts with C4aOOH-FAD the fastest with the lowest energy barrier and have shown for the first time that a significant amount of the HOX formed leaks out as free HOX. This leakage is probably a major cause of low product coupling ratios in all FDHs. Site-saturation mutagenesis of Lys79 showed that changing Lys79 to any other amino acid resulted in an inactive enzyme. However, the levels of liberated HOX of these variants are all similar, implying that Lys79 probably does not form a chloramine or bromamine intermediate as previously proposed. Computational calculations revealed that Lys79 has an abnormally lower pKa compared with other Lys residues, implying that the catalytic Lys may act as a proton donor in catalysis. Analysis of new X-ray structures of Thal also explains why premixing of FDHs with reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide generally results in abolishment of C4aOOH-FAD formation. These findings reveal the hidden factors restricting FDHs capability which should be useful for future development of FDHs applications.</p

Ciclo vital del pulpo marmóreo, Amphioctopus aegina (Gray) (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) criado en laboratorio

Reproducing small eggs and planktonic hatchlings is a reproductive strategy of many species of benthic octopods although it is considered a pleisiomorphic state. The young in the planktonic and settling phases have a high energy consumption and require live food of specific size range characteristics, causing difficulties in obtaining appropriate food organisms for rearing experiments through the entire life cycle. This study obtained information on details of life cycle characteristics of Amphioctopus aegina (Gray) by resolving these difficulties. The aspects of life cycle of A. aegina were similar to those of other benthic octopus with a similar reproductive strategy. Growth was allometric, consisting of 3 phases in terms of body weight, including a transitional phase for the early settling stage. Feeding and conversion efficiency peaked over a 2-month period prior to reproduction, representing the period of energy storage. Growth from hatching to spawning took approximately 74% of the entire life span and the reproductive phase itself took 34%. Such longevities are similar to those of other benthic cephalopods with planktonic hatchlings. Overall similarities in these cephalopod taxa attest to the fitness of a life-history strategy involving production of planktonic offspring from benthic adults. A. aegina is the second benthic octopus species with planktonic hatchlings for which the life cycle has been completed through rearing in the laboratory.El desove de pequeños huevos que darán origen a plancton constituye la estrategia de reproducción de numerosos octópodos bénticos, aunque se asocia a un estado plesiomórfico. Las nuevas criaturas en fase planctónica y de asentamiento requieren un gran consumo energético y nutrientes vivos con características y dimensiones específicas, lo que dificulta la obtención de organismos que les sirvan de alimento a lo largo de todo el ciclo vital. A partir de este estudio se han obtenido datos sobre las características del ciclo vital del Amphioctopus aegina (Gray) mediante la resolución de estas dificultades. Muchos aspectos del ciclo vital del A. aegina resultaron muy similares a los de otros pulpos bénticos con una estrategia de reproducción parecida. Se produjo un crecimiento alométrico en tres fases, según el peso corporal, que incluía una fase de transición en el periodo de asentamiento inicial. La eficacia en la alimentación y la conversión alcanzó su punto máximo en los 2 meses previos a la reproducción, que representan un periodo de almacenamiento energético. El crecimiento desde la eclosión hasta el desove fue aproximadamente el 74% del ciclo vital completo, y la fase reproductiva en sí supuso un 34%. Tal longevidad es compartida por otros cefalópodos bénticos con desoves planctónicos. Las similitudes generales entre estas categorías taxonómicas de cefalópodos confirman el éxito de esta estrategia de ciclos vitales en la producción de crías planctónicas por parte de adultos bénticos. A. aegina es la segunda especie de pulpo béntico con desove planctónico cuyo ciclo vital ha logrado completarse mediante la cría en laboratorio

World squid fisheries

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Biomethanation potential of biological and other wastes

Anaerobic technology has been traditionally applied for the treatment of carbon rich wastewater and organic residues. Anaerobic processes can be fully integrated in the biobased economy concept for resource recovery. After a brief introduction about applications of anaerobic processes to industrial wastewater treatment, agriculture feedstock and organic fraction of municipal solid waste, the position of anaerobic processes in biorefinery concepts is presented. Integration of anaerobic digestion with these processes can help in the maximisation of the economic value of the biomass used, while reducing the waste streams produced and mitigating greenhouse gases emissions. Besides the integration of biogas in the existing full-scale bioethanol and biodiesel production processes, the potential applications of biogas in the second generation lignocellulosic, algae and syngas-based biorefinery platforms are discussed.(undefined