In-Silico Analysis of Polyphenol Compounds in Pomegranate Fruit (Punica granatum L.) Peel Potential as type 2 Antidiabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by increased blood sugar levels due to insulin resistance caused by the uncontrolled expression of the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Several compounds that inhibit PTP1B have been studied, including polyphenol. Many studies have been conducted on diabetes medicines based on natural ingredients, including the pomegranate fruits (Punica granatum L). This study aims to test the inhibitory activity of polyphenolic compounds in pomegranate peel (gallic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, chlorogenic acid, apigenin, quercetin, pelargonidin, and cyanidin) against PTP1B through molecular docking. The 3D structures of polyphenolic compounds were obtained from the PubChem database, while PTP1B was from the Protein Data Base. Molecular docking simulations were carried out using AutoDock Vina and several supporting softwares, such as Biovia Discovery Studio Client 4.1, AutoDockTools 1.5.6, PyMOL, and LigPlot. Molecular docking results showed that polyphenolic compounds from pomegranate peel have good inhibitory potential against PTP1B. It is proven by the binding affinity value for PTP1B, which is low and negative, namely in the range -6.4 to -8.4 kcal/mol, and the inhibition constant in the range 0.69 to 20,12 µM. The presence of phenol and carboxylic acid groups in polyphenol compounds can strengthen ligand-protein complexes through hydrogen bonds, especially with the amino acid residues Gln221 and Cys215. The potential of polyphenolic compounds as antidiabetics is also supported by van der Waals interactions and π-π stacking interactions with PTP1B. Based on the molecular docking test that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the polyphenolic compounds in pomegranate peel have the potential to act as type 2 anti-diabetes mellitus

Profile Analysis of Critical Thinking Ability of Science Education Study Program Students

In order to produce superior human resources according to the demands of 21st- century competence and be resilient in facing global challenges in the era of society 5.0, the ability to think critically must be mastered. Critical thinking is a key competency needed by university graduates and most universities have determined this ability as one of the attributes that must be supplied to their graduates. This study aims to analyze the profile of critical thinking skills of Science Education Study Program students. The subjects in this study were 147 students of the Science Education Study Program, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training UINSA, class of 2020, 2021, and 2022, totaling 147 students. Critical thinking skills are measured using a critical thinking question instrument consisting of 10 essay questions with 10 indicators of critical thinking skills. The questions tested are questions that have been revised and declared valid by expert validators. The results of the critical thinking ability test are analyzed descriptively to see the category of critical thinking skills in students and each indicator. This study revealed that the critical thinking ability profile of the students of the Science Education Study Program was dominated by the low category, which was 32.3%. Critical thinking indicators that get high categories are indicators of analyzing conclusions, logic classes, and definitions; obtain medium categories on indicators of problem formulation, reasoning ability, and short intervals between observation and report; Getting a low category on indicators assesses the correctness of assumptions, makes and considers decisions, as well as formulates alternative solutions

THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING JIGSAW TYPE TO INCREASE LEARNING RESULT OF BASIC BIOMEDICAL LECTURE

Students are an active part that plays a role in the learning process. Cooperative learning trains students to be able to work together and responsibly independently. This research was quasi-experimental research with posttest-only control design. The sample of this research was the students of Diploma III Nursing STIKes Bina Sehat PPNI Mojokerto at the level I of academic year 2017/2018. The research data was obtained from the result of the final examination of the students in the basic biomedical course. The data were analyzed using independent sample t-test. The result of the independent sample t-test is 0.00 is less than 0.05. The conclusion of these results is that there are differences in basic biomedical learning outcomes in the control class and experimental class. Average learning outcomes control class 60,17 and experimental class 73,94. These results suggest that jigsaw type cooperative learning can improve student learning outcomes in basic biomedical courses

KEANEKARAGAMAN BELALANG (ORTHOPTERA : CAELIFERA) PADA AREA PERSAWAHAN DI DESA SEKETI, KECAMATAN MOJOAGUNG, KABUPATEN JOMBANG

Rice field ecosystem is an artificial ecosystem that is used in agriculture. Rice fields in Seketi Village have vegetation types of corn, sugar cane, and rice, so that it will affect of grasshopper diversity in each vegetation. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of grasshoppers (Caelifera) and to determine the effect of vegetation on the diversity of grasshoppers in the rice fields of Seketi Village. The method used is purposive sampling and direct capture, namely research by making 5 plots measuring 5m x 5m with different types of plant vegetation (paddy, corn, sugar cane) catching with Sweep Net (insect nets). The results showed that there were species of Phlaeoba antennata, Phlaeoba fomusa, Oxya chinensis, Valanga nigricornis, Caryanda spuria, Atractomorpha crenulata, and Tettigidea sp. with a total of 152 individuals from 3 families. The diversity index value shows that plot 4 (maize plants) has the highest H' = 1.58 with 6 species of grasshoppers found and plot 1 (cane plants) has the lowest diversity index value of H = 1.09. Based on the differences in the value of grasshopper diversity in each plot caused by different types of vegetation, habitat conditions, and abiotic factors

ANALISIS KEGIATAN BELAJAR OFFLINE DAN ONLINE PADA SISWA KELAS 9 MTsN 4 BOJONEGORO DI ERA PANDEMI COVID-19

The Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world, including Indonesia, stopped activities in all fields, especially education. The government has implemented a policy that learning activities must be carried out online to prevent the spread of the virus. The easing of the pandemic makes offline learning then re-applied even within certain limits. The purpose of this research is to analyze the comparison of online and offline teaching and learning activities in 9th graders at MTsN 4 Bojonegoro. The method used is qualitative descriptive with survey techniques. The results showed that 74.2% preferred offline learning systems. Online learning is considered to have many obstacles, such as lack of understanding of learning materials, limited internet network, the use of high internet data, problematic the implementation of midterm exam or final exam, to the difficulty of concentrating due to disruption from the home environment. A total of 66.1% of respondents stated that teachers could not convey materials and communicate effectively in online learning, and 54.8% of respondents stated the difficulty of communication between learners online. Respondents also assessed that understanding of the material could work well in offline learning (54.8%) and considered the work on the task would be easier if the learning was done offline (66.1%), than when done online

Persepsi Mahasiswa Pendidikan IPA Terhadap Penggunaan E-Learning Berbasis Google Meeting

This research aims to know the perception of students of Science Education at UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya on the use of e-learning based on Google Meet. This type of research is descriptive qualitative where data collection is carried out using a Likert scale in the form of a questionnaire made in a google form and distributed to students of the UINSA Science Education study program. The method of data analysis is done by qualitative analysis, including 1) data collection; 2) data reduction; 3) data presentation. The results of the data that have been obtained through Google Forms are in the form of a questionnaire on the perception of UINSA Science Education students on the use of e-learning based on Google Meet, that is 78 respondents. Student perceptions of the google meeting application in online learning get a positive response of 79.65% overall with 85.89% on the aspect of convenience, 81,28% on the aspect of effectiveness, and 71,79% on the aspect of acceptance.  This shows that students of the science education study program at UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya have a positive perception of the use of google meetings in online learning, namely in terms of ease, effectiveness, and acceptanc

The Effect of Inquiry Combined Science-Technology-Society (STS) Learning to Enhance Critical Thinking Skills on Science

One of the important skills to be mastered in the era of globalization is the critical thinking skills. This research is to determine the average increase of critical thinking skills of learners before and after implementing inquiry learning combined STS, and to know learner response about inquiry learning combined STS. This research was a “pre-experimental design” by design “the group pretest posttest design”. Samples were taken from the students of class VII SMPN 3 Peterongan. Data Collection was done by testing: pretest, posttest and questionnaire response of learners. Pretest and posttest data were analyzed by using paired t-test statistic. Questionnaire response of learners data were analyzed by using a percentage formula. The results of paired t test were 0.00 which was less than 0.05. The conclusion was there are differences in the results of critical thinking skills before and after implementation of inquiry-based teaching materials combined STS. Based on the results of the questionnaire response of learners found that learners gave positive response to the inquiry learning process combined STS