ANNUAL ESTIMATES OF LATIN AMERICAN DISTORTIONS TO AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES

Distorted incentives, agricultural and trade policy reforms, national agricultural development, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade, F13, F14, Q17, Q18,

Local cohomology in classical rings

The aim of this paper is to stablish the close connection between prime ideals and torsion theories in anon necessarily commutative noetherian ring. We introduce a new definition of support of a module and characterize some kinds of torsion theories in terms of prime ideals. Using the machinery introduced before, we prove a version of the Mayer-Vietoris Theorem for local cohomology and stablish a relationship between the classical dimension and the vanishing of the groups of local cohomology on a classical ring

ANNUAL ESTIMATES OF DISTORTIONS TO AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES IN HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES

Distorted incentives, agricultural and trade policy reforms, national agricultural development, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade, F13, F14, Q17, Q18,

DPpackage: Bayesian Semi- and Nonparametric Modeling in R

Data analysis sometimes requires the relaxation of parametric assumptions in order to gain modeling flexibility and robustness against mis-specification of the probability model. In the Bayesian context, this is accomplished by placing a prior distribution on a function space, such as the space of all probability distributions or the space of all regression functions. Unfortunately, posterior distributions ranging over function spaces are highly complex and hence sampling methods play a key role. This paper provides an introduction to a simple, yet comprehensive, set of programs for the implementation of some Bayesian nonparametric and semiparametric models in R, DPpackage. Currently, DPpackage includes models for marginal and conditional density estimation, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, interval-censored data, binary regression data, item response data, longitudinal and clustered data using generalized linear mixed models, and regression data using generalized additive models. The package also contains functions to compute pseudo-Bayes factors for model comparison and for eliciting the precision parameter of the Dirichlet process prior, and a general purpose Metropolis sampling algorithm. To maximize computational efficiency, the actual sampling for each model is carried out using compiled C, C++ or Fortran code.

Explicit LDP for a slowed RW driven by a symmetric exclusion process

We consider a random walk (RW) driven by a simple symmetric exclusion process (SSE). Rescaling the RW and the SSE in such a way that a joint hydrodynamic limit theorem holds we prove a joint path large deviation principle. The corresponding large deviation rate function can be split into two components, the rate function of the SSE and the one of the RW given the path of the SSE. These components have different structures (Gaussian and Poissonian, respectively) and to overcome this difficulty we make use of the theory of Orlicz spaces. In particular, the component of the rate function corresponding to the RW is explicit.</p

Crossover to the KPZ equation

We characterize the crossover regime to the KPZ equation for a class of one-dimensional weakly asymmetric exclusion processes. The crossover depends on the strength asymmetry $an^{2-\gamma}$ ($a,\gamma>0$) and it occurs at $\gamma=1/2$. We show that the density field is a solution of an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck equation if $\gamma\in(1/2,1]$, while for $\gamma=1/2$ it is an energy solution of the KPZ equation. The corresponding crossover for the current of particles is readily obtained.Comment: Published by Annales Henri Poincare Volume 13, Number 4 (2012), 813-82

Vulnerability curves for masonry buildings affected by hyperconcentrated flows as natural disaster risk management tools for the quantification of material damage

The damage assessment caused by floods, earthquakes, hurricanes among others phenomenons in the world are analyzed with methodologies such as "Vulnerability curves". In Peru, disasters caused by hyperconcentrated flows are alarming due to a climatic variability such as the "El Nio Costero"phenomenon. Therefore, this research has developed vulnerability curves for 1 and 2-story confined masonry buildings in Urb. San Idelfonso, Ica - Peru; linking the variables: flow depth, associated with the event produced by heavy rains at the top of the "Quebrada Cansas"caused by the "El Nio Costero"phenomenon in 2017, and the percentage of the damage based on the methodology of the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), whose formula is the repair value and total building value. The monetary amounts and items of the buildings are obtained from the RM 415-2017-VIVIENDA of the Ministry of Housing, Construction and Sanitation of Peru. The process consisted of hydrological modeling in HEC-HMS, hydraulic modeling in FLO-2D, damage percentage estimate and vulnerability curves production. Finally, the vulnerability curves for hyperconcentrated flows were contrasted with similar studies regarding curves for flooding and debris flow. The results of the investigation showed that the "El Nio Costero"phenomenon in 2017 had an economic impact of at least 1.3 million soles in Urb. San Idelfonso. In addition, at least 24 buildings had a complete damage and 21 buildings an extensive damage