Embryological processes in ovules of Rudbeckia laciniata L. (Asteraceae) from Poland

Embryological researches of an invasive plant Rudbeckia laciniata focused on the process of megasporogenesis, female gametophyte formation, and fertilization. A disturbed first meiotic division results in the formation of restitution nucleus. In some megaspore mother cells micronuclei or vacuoles were observed near the restitution nucleus. Different course of megasporogenesis led to the development of unreduced embryo sacs with various organization which is reflected in the embryo formation and capacity of seed germination. Our research confirmed the occurrence of hemigamy in the Polish representatives of R . laciniata. In spite of a reduced germination capacity of R . laciniata seeds, their production allows a long-distance dispersal and expansion of the species

Large astrorhizid foraminifera from Oligocene - Lower Miocene deep-sea sediments, Northern Apennines, Italy : a new perspective on the genus Astrorhizinoides Stschedrina, 1969

Nulliporites bombicoides Sacco, 1888 and Nulliporites stellaris Sacco, 1888 from the Oligocene - Lower Miocene deep-sea turbiditic sediments of Liguria and Piedmont (Monastero and Rocchetta formations) appear to belarge, agglutinated astrorhizid foraminiferids both assigned in this study tothe genus Astrorhizinoides Stschedrina, 1969 under a single species, Astrorhizinoides bombicoides (Sacco, 1888). This foraminiferis characterized by a simple, straight to slightly curved or rarely branched test, which displays a thick, smooth, finely agglutinated wall, with constrictions, and a very thin chamber lumen, whose apertures are observed at least at one of the terminal ends of the test. The tests, partly crushed, are preserved mostly on the soles of thin turbiditic sandstones, where they may be aligned. Probably, the foraminifer was originally a semi-infaunal, free-standing form, the test of which was partly flexible

Tuberculosis-like respiratory infection in 245-million-year-old marine reptile suggested by bone pathologies

An absence of ancient archaeological and palaeontological evidence of pneumonia contrasts with its recognition in the more recent archaeological record. We document an apparent infection-mediated periosteal reaction affecting the dorsal ribs in a Middle Triassic eosauropterygian historically referred to as ‘Proneusticosaurus’ silesiacus. High- resolution X-ray microtomography and histological studies of the pathologically altered ribs revealed the presence of a continuous solid periosteal reaction with multiple superficial blebs (protrusions) on the visceral surfaces of several ribs. Increased vascularization and uneven lines of arrested growth document that the pathology was the result of a multi- seasonal disease. While visceral surface localization of this periosteal reaction represents the earliest identified evidence for pneumonia, the blebs may have an additional implication: they have only been previously recognized in humans with tuberculosis (TB). Along with this diagnosis is the presence of focal vertebral erosions, parsimoniously compared to vertebral manifestation of TB in humans

Two types of bone necrosis in the Middle Triassic Pistosaurus longaevus bones: the results of integrated studies

Avascular necrosis, diagnosed on the basis of either a specific pathological modification of the articular surfaces of bone or its radiologic appearance in vertebral centra, has been recognized in many Mesozoic marine reptiles as well as in present-day marine mammals. Its presence in the zoological and paleontologic record is usually associated with decompression syndrome, a disease that affects secondarily aquatic vertebrates that could dive. Bone necrosis can also be caused by infectious processes, but it differs in appearance from decompression syndrome-associated aseptic necrosis. Herein, we report evidence of septic necrosis in the proximal articular surface of the femur of a marine reptile, Pistosaurus longaevus, from the Middle Triassic of Poland and Germany. This is the oldest recognition of septic necrosis associated with septic arthritis in the fossil record so far, and the mineralogical composition of pathologically altered bone is described herein in detail. The occurrence of septic necrosis is contrasted with decompression syndrome-associated avascular necrosis, also described in Pistosaurus longaevus bone from Middle Triassic of Germany

Tuberculosis-like respiratory infection in 245-million-year-old marine reptile suggested by bone pathologies

An absence of ancient archaeological and palaeontological evidence of pneumonia contrasts with its recognition in the more recent archaeological record. We document an apparent infection-mediated periosteal reaction affecting the dorsal ribs in a Middle Triassic eosauropterygian historically referred to as ‘Proneusticosaurus’ silesiacus. Highresolution X-ray microtomography and histological studies of the pathologically altered ribs revealed the presence of a continuous solid periosteal reaction with multiple superficial blebs (protrusions) on the visceral surfaces of several ribs. Increased vascularization and uneven lines of arrested growth document that the pathology was the result of a multiseasonal disease. While visceral surface localization of this periosteal reaction represents the earliest identified evidence for pneumonia, the blebs may have an additional implication: they have only been previously recognized in humans with tuberculosis (TB). Along with this diagnosis is the presence of focal vertebral erosions, parsimoniously compared to vertebral manifestation of TB in humans

3D scanners in orthodontics—Current knowledge and future perspectives—A systematic review

Background: Nowadays the use of intraoral scanners has become a routine practice in orthodontics. It allows the introduction of many treatment innovations. One should consider to what extent intraoral scanners have influenced the everyday orthodontic practice and in what direction should the further research in this field be conducted. This study is aimed to systematically review and synthesize available controlled trials investigating the accuracy and efficacy of intraoral scanners for orthodontic purpose to provide clinically useful information and to direct further research in this field. Methods: A literature search of free text and MeSH terms was performed by using MedLine (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science and Embase. The search engines were used to find studies on application of intraoral scanners in orthodontics (from 1950 to 30 September 2020). The following keywords were used: “intraoral scanners AND efficiency AND accuracy AND orthodontics”. Results: The number of potential identified articles was 71, including 61 from PubMed, two from Scopus, three from Web of Science and five from Embase. After removal of duplicates, 67 full-text articles were analyzed for inclusion criteria, 16 of them were selected and finally included in the qualitative synthesis. Conclusions: There are plenty of data available on accuracy and efficacy of different scanners. Scanners of the same generation from different manufacturers have almost identical accuracy. This is the reason why future similar research will not introduce much to the orthodontics. The challenge for the coming years is to find new applications of digital impressions in the orthodontic practice

Attachments for the orthodontic aligner treatment—State of the art—A comprehensive systematic review

Background: In recent years the burden of aligner treatment has been growing. However, the sole use of aligners is characterized by limitations; thus attachments are bonded to the teeth to improve aligner retention and tooth movement. Nevertheless, it is often still a challenge to clinically achieve the planned movement. Thus, the aim of this study is to discuss the evidence of the shape, placement and bonding of composite attachments. Methods: A query was carried out in six databases on 10 December 2022 using the search string (“orthodontics” OR “malocclusion” OR “Tooth movement techniques AND (“aligner*” OR “thermoformed splints” OR “invisible splint*” AND (“attachment*” OR “accessor*” OR “auxill*” AND “position*”). Results: There were 209 potential articles identified. Finally, twenty-six articles were included. Four referred to attachment bonding, and twenty-two comprised the influence of composite attachment on movement efficacy. Quality assessment tools were used according to the study type. Conclusions: The use of attachments significantly improves the expression of orthodontic movement and aligner retention. It is possible to indicate sites on the teeth where attachments have a better effect on tooth movement and to assess which attachments facilitate movement. The research received no external funding. The PROSPERO database number is CRD42022383276

Development of the squamate naso-palatal complex: detailed 3D analysis of the vomeronasal organ and nasal cavity in the brown anole Anolis sagrei (Squamata: Iguania)

Background: Despite the diverse morphology of the adult squamate naso-palatal complex – consisting of the nasal cavity, vomeronasal organ (VNO), choanal groove, lacrimal duct and superficial palate – little is known about the embryology of these structures. Moreover, there are no comprehensive studies concerning development of the nasal cavity and VNO in relation to the superficial palate. In this investigation, we used X-ray microtomography and histological sections to describe embryonic development of the naso-palatal complex of iguanian lizard, the brown anole (Anolis sagrei). The purpose of the study was to describe the mechanism of formation of adult morphology in this species, which combines the peculiar anole features with typical iguanian conditions. Considering the uncertain phylogenetic position of the Iguania within Squamata, embryological data and future comparative studies may shed new light on the evolution of this large squamate clade. Results: Development of the naso-palatal complex was divided into three phases: early, middle and late. In the early developmental phase, the vomeronasal pit originates from medial outpocketing of the nasal pit, when the facial prominences are weakly developed. In the middle developmental phase, the following events can be noted: the formation of the frontonasal mass, separation of the vestibulum, appearance of the lacrimal duct, and formation of the choanal groove, which leads to separation of the VNO from the nasal cavity. In late development, the nasal cavity and the VNO attain their adult morphology. The lacrimal duct establishes an extensive connection with the choanal groove, which eventually becomes largely separated from the oral cavity. Conclusions: Unlike in other tetrapods, the primordium of the lacrimal duct in the brown anole develops largely beyond the nasolacrimal groove. In contrast to previous studies on squamates, the maxillary prominence is found to participate in the initial fusion with the frontonasal mass. Moreover, formation of the choanal groove occurs due to the fusion of the vomerine cushion to the subconchal fold, rather than to the choanal fold. The loss or significant reduction of the lateral nasal concha is secondary. Some features of anole adult morphology, such as the closure of the choanal groove, may constitute adaptations to vomeronasal chemoreception

Akceptacja choroby kobiet leczących się z powodu osteoporozy = Acceptance of diseases of women treated for osteoporosis

Pawlikowska-Łagód Katarzyna, Janiszewska Mariola, Firlej Ewelina, Dąbska Olga, Sak Jarosław. Akceptacja choroby kobiet leczących się z powodu osteoporozy = Acceptance of diseases of women treated for osteoporosis. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(5):139-148. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.51372 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3515 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.04.2016. Revised 29.04.2016. Accepted: 11.05.2016. Akceptacja choroby kobiet leczących się z powodu osteoporozy Acceptance of diseases of women treated for osteoporosis Pawlikowska-Łagód Katarzyna1, Janiszewska Mariola2, Firlej Ewelina2, Dąbska Olga3, Sak Jarosław1 1Zakład Etyki i Filozofii Człowieka, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie 2Katedra Zdrowia Publicznego, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie 3Zakład Patologii i Rehabilitacji Mowy, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie mgr Pawlikowska-Łagód Katarzyna, dr n. o zdr. Janiszewska Mariola, mgr Firlej Ewelina, Dąbska Olga, dr hab. n med. Sak Jarosław Abstrakt Wprowadzenie: Współczesna medycyna oraz psychologia coraz więcej czasu poświęcają problemom związanym z osteoporozą oraz przystosowaniu się do niej. Przystosowanie się i akceptacja osteoporozy to skomplikowany proces, na, który wpływają obciążenia chorobowe, uwarunkowania zewnętrzne oraz właściwości jednostki. Akceptacja choroby dla wielu pacjentek jest problemem, z którym zmagają się przez cały okres jej trwania, zmuszając je do akceptacji niedomagań przez nią narzuconych choroby. Pojawienie się choroby ma duże znaczenie, dla jakości życia kobiet. Przede wszystkim zmuszając je do akceptacji niedomagań narzuconych przez chorobę. Cel pracy: Celem pracy było zbadanie stopnia akceptacji choroby kobiet chorujących na osteoporozę. Materiał i metody: W badaniu uczestniczyło 137 pacjentek leczących się z powodu osteoporozy. Grupę badaną stanowiły kobiety od 38-go do 91-g roku życia. Badania przeprowadzono od lutego do kwietnia 2015 roku. W pracy zastosowano kwestionariusz ankiety własnego autorstwa oraz Skalę Akceptacji Choroby (AIS) autorstwa B. J. Felton, T. A. Revenson i G. A. Hinrichsen w adaptacji Z Jurczyńskiego. Wyniki: Kobiety chorujące na osteoporozę wykazują się średnim stopniem akceptacji choroby. Wiek zdiagnozowania choroby oraz wykształcenie różnicuje istotnie badane ze względu na stopień akceptacji choroby oraz problemów narzuconych przez chorobę. Wnioski: Rosnąca liczba osób chorych z powodu osteoporozy stawia przed specjalistami służby zdrowia ogromne wyzwanie. Wdrożenie skutecznych programów profilaktycznych oraz oddziaływanie na zwiększenie świadomości chorujących byłoby pomocne w zapobieganiu chorobie, ewentualnie jej akceptacji w sytuacji wystąpienia. Abstract Introduction: Modern medicine and psychology more and spend more time problems with osteoporosis and adapt to it. Adaptation and acceptance of osteoporosis is a complex process, for which affect disease burden, external conditions and the characteristics of the individual. Acceptance of the disease for many patients is a problem faced by the whole period of its duration, forcing them to accept the shortcomings imposed by her illness. The emergence of the disease is important for the quality of life of women. First of all, forcing them to accept the shortcomings imposed by the disease. The aim of the study was to examine the degree of acceptance of the disease women suffering from osteoporosis. Material and Methods: The study included 137 patients treated for osteoporosis. The study group were women from 38 th to 91th years. The study was conducted from February to April 2015. The study used a questionnaire survey of his own authorship and Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS) by B. J. Felton, Revenson T. A. and G. A. Hinrichsen adaptation With Jurczyński. Results: Women suffering from osteoporosis have an average degree of acceptance of the disease. Age diagnose the disease and education differentiates significantly tested due to the degree of acceptance of the disease and the problems imposed by the disease. Conclusions: The increasing number of patients suffering from osteoporosis poses to health care professionals a huge challenge. The implementation of effective prevention programs and impact on increasing awareness of suffering would be helpful in the prevention of disease, or to accept it in a situation occur. Słowa kluczowe: akceptacja choroby, osteoporoza, kobieta. Keywords: acceptance of illness, osteoporosis, women