Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Efeito do tipo de armazenamento na durabilidade pós-colheita de hastes florais de <i>Heliconia</i> spp

Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a durabilidade de hastes florais de espécies de helicônia armazenadas em atmosfera controla e refrigeração

Effects of physical exercise combined with captopril or losartan on left ventricular hypertrophy of hypertensive rats

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an endpoint of hypertensive cardiac alterations. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers are among the most effective on LVH regression. Physical exercise combined to antihypertensive drug contributes to arterial pressure (AP) control and LVH prevention. We evaluated the effects of physical exercise combined to captopril or losartan during eight weeks for spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) on some cardiac parameters. Methods: SHR (n=5-6 per group) were sedentary or trained 5 days a week in treadmill during 8 weeks; and they were treated with daily oral captopril (12.5, 25, or 50mg/kg), losartan (2.5, 5, or 10mg/kg), or vehicle. At the end, it was obtained systolic AP (SAP), electrocardiogram (ECG), and hearts metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) activity and histology. Results: Captopril 25 and 50 mg/kg, and losartan 10 mg/kg lowered SAP of sedentary and trained SHR. Losartan 5 mg/kg combined with physical exercise also lowered SAP. Combined with exercise, captopril 50 mg/kg lowered 13.6% of QT interval, 14.2% of QTc interval, and 22.8% of Tpeak-Tend compared to sedentary SHR. Losartan 5 and 10mg/kg lowered QT interval of sedentary and trained SHR. Losartan 2.5, 5 and 10mg/kg combined with physical exercise lowered respectively 25.4%, 24.8%, and 31.8% of MMP-2 activity. Losartan (10mg/kg) combined with exercise reduced cardiomyocyte diameter. Conclusion: These data support the hypothesis of physical exercise combined with RAAS blockers could improve the benefits on hypertensive LVH treatment

AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE GERENCIAL DOS RISCOS DE UMA UNIDADE DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIAdoi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5892/ruvrd.v12i2.1605

Introdução: a organização hospitalar é considerada um sistema complexo, onde as estruturas e os processos são de tal forma interligada, que o funcionamento de um componente interfere em todo o conjunto e no resultado final, sendo assim, neste processo, não se avalia um setor ou departamento isoladamente. Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade do gerenciamento de risco de uma unidade de cuidados intensivos em um hospital universitário. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, com suporte em um relato de experiência acadêmica realizado em uma Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos de um hospital localizado no norte de Minas Gerais durante o período de maio de 2014. Resultados: durante o estágio acadêmico, foram detectadas não-conformidades na UCI estudada quanto ao posto de enfermagem; aos recursos materiais; ao mobiliário; à sala de expurgo; ao depósito de material de limpeza; às condições de conservação do ambiente e segurança; aos recursos humanos; às condições organizacionais; e à classificação de risco na qual foram apresentados nos resultados deste estudo. Após a análise e consolidação dos dados e das não-conformidades encontradas foi possível a construção da Matriz SWOT da Clínica. Considerações finais: os indicadores encontrados devem ser utilizados para reavaliar, replanejar e reorganizar as atividades da enfermagem. Ressalta-se a importância de ampliar cada vez mais a qualidade nos serviços de enfermagem, capacitando enfermeiros para o desenvolvimento e análise de indicadores e possibilitando a reflexão sobre a assistência de enfermagem de forma dinâmica de forma a objetivar a excelência do cuidado

Avaliação da qualidade gerencial dos riscos de uma unidade de cuidados intensivos: Relato de experiência

Introdução: a organização hospitalar é considerada um sistema complexo, onde as estruturas e os processos são de tal forma interligada, que o funcionamento de um componente interfere em todo o conjunto e no resultado final, sendo assim, neste processo, não se avalia um setor ou departamento isoladamente. Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade do gerenciamento de risco de uma unidade de cuidados intensivos em um hospital universitário. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, com suporte em um relato de experiência acadêmica realizado em uma Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos de um hospital localizado no norte de Minas Gerais durante o período de maio de 2014. Resultados: durante o estágio acadêmico, foram detectadas não-conformidades na UCI estudada quanto ao posto de enfermagem; aos recursos materiais; ao mobiliário; à sala de expurgo; ao depósito de material de limpeza; às condições de conservação do ambiente e segurança; aos recursos humanos; às condições organizacionais; e à classificação de risco na qual foram apresentados nos resultados deste estudo. Após a análise e consolidação dos dados e das não-conformidades encontradas foi possível a construção da Matriz SWOT da Clínica. Considerações finais: os indicadores encontrados devem ser utilizados para reavaliar, replanejar e reorganizar as atividades da enfermagem. Ressalta-se a importância de ampliar cada vez mais a qualidade nos serviços de enfermagem, capacitando enfermeiros para o desenvolvimento e análise de indicadores e possibilitando a reflexão sobre a assistência de enfermagem de forma dinâmica de forma a objetivar a excelência do cuidado