Recoding Product Design Education: Visual Coding for Human Machine Interfaces

This paper evaluates the impact of visual coding on the Industrial Design and 3D Design disciplines, in particular the role it plays in developing new products and services that would previously require interdisciplinary teams, or significant training beyond the scope of these disciplines into text-based coding and electrical engineering. The professional practice of designers working at the intersection of product design and coding is discussed, and design education evaluated in relation to the opportunities of electronics and visual coding. Quantitative research data is provided to support an argument that visual coding can enable designers to control their designs in new ways throughout the design and prototyping process

Peroxidases and differentiation in Cucurbits

June 1967.Covers not scanned.Includes bibliographical references.An investigation of the isoperoxidases in the family Cucurbitaceae and their relationship to genetic dwarfing was conducted. Histochemical, quantitative, and electrophoretic techniques were integrated in the study. An examination of stem sections of squash and muskmelon revealed that peroxidase was strongly localized in the epidermis, the sclerenchymatous ring, and the xylem. No qualitative peroxidase differences were observed between the stem sections of bush and vine lines of squash and muskmelon. A gross analysis of the amount and distribution of lignin in the stem sections also revealed no apparent differences between the lignified areas and the regions of high peroxidase activity in the stem sections. The exception was the high peroxidase activity found in the non-lignified epidermal tissue. The results do not support peroxidase involvement in dwarfing mechanisms in the plants studied, There were varietal differences in the levels of total peroxidase activity among the ten squash lines studied. However, no inverse relationship between peroxidase activity and the degree of stem elongation was found. There were no significant differences in peroxidase activity between the isogenic bush and vine lines of squash. The anodic isoperoxidase patterns of the squash lines were found to vary considerably, while the cathodic isoperoxidases among the squash line were fairly uniform and much easier to discern than the anodic isoperoxidases. There were no apparent consistent differences in the isoperoxidase patterns between the bush and vine lines. The isoperoxidase patterns of the isogenic bush and vine lines of squash were nearly identical. Thus, no relationships between the isoperoxidase patterns and the bush habit of growth were evident. Both the anodic and the cathodic isoperoxidase patterns were quite uniform among the bush and vine watermelon lines. Although the growth responses of the GA-treated bush watermelon lines were different, their peroxidase patterns were identical. Hence, the watermelon isoperoxidases· do not appear to be associated with dwarfing mechanisms. The vine muskmelon lines exhibited much darker anodic bands than did the bush lines, and two of the cathodic isoperoxidases present in the vine muskmelon lines were absent from the bush lines. Gibberellin treatment stimulated growth in both the bush and vine muskmelon lines, and alleviated some of the isoperoxidase differences between them. Comparisons of isoperoxidase patterns among the Cucurbita species and among Cucurbitaceae genera indicated a potential for such comparisons in assessing phylogenetic relationships among the species and particularly among the genera of Cucurbitaceae

Digital technologies and 4D customized design: challenging conventions with responsive design

Digital design tools are rapidly changing and blurring the boundaries between design disciplines. By extension, the relationship between humans and products is also changing, to the point where opportunities are emerging for products that can co-evolve with their human users over time. This chapter highlights how these ‘4D products' respond to the vision laid out three decades ago for ubiquitous computing, and have the potential to enhance human experiences by creating more seamless human-centered relationships with technology. These developments are examined in context with broader shifts in sociocultural and environmental concerns, as well as similar developments being researched in Responsive Architecture, 4D printing and systems designed to empower individuals during the design process through interactive, parametric model platforms. Technology is fundamentally changing the way designers create physical products, and new understandings are needed to positively guide these changes.Arts, Education & Law Group, Queensland College of ArtNo Full Tex

Windfall Wealth and Shale Development in Appalachian Ohio: Preliminary Results

The response by agriculture/natural resources and community development Extension educators to shale development in Ohio has been proactive. There is a need, however, to understand the impact that shale development is having broadly on families and communities and specifically as it relates to lease payments and the perceptions and realities of resource windfalls or sudden wealth. This article presents the preliminary results of a qualitative study. In the course of data analysis, themes emerged around the topics of money, family and community life, and land. A discussion of the role of Extension professionals is provided

NON-GRAY PHONON TRANSPORT USING A HYBRID BTE-FOURIER SOLVER

Non-gray phonon transport solvers based on the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) are frequently employed to simulate sub-micron thermal transport. Typical solution procedures using sequential solution schemes encounter numerical difficulties because of the large spread in scattering rates. For frequency bands with very low Knudsen numbers, strong coupling between the directional BTEs results in slow convergence for sequential solution procedures. In this paper, we present a hybrid BTE-Fourier model which addresses this issue. By establishing a phonon group cutoff (say Kn=0.1), phonon bands with low Knudsen numbers are solved using a modified Fourier equation which includes a scattering term as well as corrections to account for boundary temperature slip. Phonon bands with high Knudsen numbers are solved using a BTE solver. Once the governing equations are solved for each phonon group, their energies are then summed to find the total lattice energy and correspondingly, the lattice temperature. An iterative procedure combining the lattice temperature determination and the solutions to the modified Fourier and BTE equations is developed. The procedure is shown to work well across a range of Knudsen numbers

Overcoming Local Minima Through Viscoelastic Fluid-Inspired Swarm Behavior

My paper discusses a novel swarm robotic algorithm inspired by the open channel siphon phenomena displayed in certain viscoelastic fluids. This siphoning ability enables the algorithm to mitigate the trapping effects of local minima, which are known to affect physicomimetics-based potential field control methods. Once a robot senses the goal, local communication between robots is used to propagate path-to-goal gradient information through the swarm's communication graph. This information is used to augment each agent's local potential field, reducing the local minima trap and often eliminating it. In this paper real world experiments using the Georgia Tech Miniature Autonomous Blimp (GT-MAB) aerial robotic platforms as well as mass Monte Carlo test simulations conducted in the Simulating Collaborative Robots in Massive Multi-Agent Game Execution (SCRIMMAGE) simulator are presented. Comparisons between the resultant behaviors and potential field based swarm behaviors that both do, and do not incorporate local minima fixes were assessed. These experiments and simulations demonstrate that this method is an effective solution to susceptibility to local minima for potential field approaches for controlling swarms

Potential of Chemically Treated Corn Stover and Modified Distiller Grains as a Partial Replacement for Corn Grain in Feedlot Diets

Because treatment with calcium oxide (CaO) will increase the digestibility of corn stover, CaO-treated corn stover may be a cost-effective alternative to a portion of corn grain in beef feedlot diets. Single-pass harvested corn stover was ensiled either untreated or treated with 5% CaO on a dry matter (DM) basis. Ground baled stover, untreated stover silage, or CaO-treated stover silage were fed at 20% of the diet DM with modified distillers grains with solubles and corn grain at 40 and 35% of the DM and fed either during the growing phase or both the growing and finishing phases in comparison to a control diet containing baled stover, modified distillers grains with solubles, and corn grain at 5, 20, and 70% of the diet DM. The DM digestibilities of diets fed to sheep that contained the baled stover, untreated stover silage, and CaO-treated stover silage diets were 75.9, 75.5, and 83.2%, respectively. In the beef feeding trial, 210 steers (30 per treatment; mean weight 648 lb) were either fed the control diet to finish or fed the baled stover, untreated stover silage, CaO-treated stover silage diets for either the growing phase to 1,000 lb or to finish. Daily gains of steers fed the control treatment or the CaOtreated stover silage diet were greater than steers fed the CaO-treated stover silage diet during the growing phase or untreated stover silage diet to finish which were greater than steers fed the baled stover silage diets to finish or the untreated stover silage during the growing season. Steers fed the CaO-treated stover silage diet to finish had a lower feed-to-gain ratio than any other treatment. Steers fed the control treatment had a higher marbling score than those fed diets containing any of the corn stover treatments. Calcium oxide treated stover is a cost-effective replacement for a portion of the corn in feedlot diets

A Summary of Monthly Nutrient Values for Stockpiled Forages in Iowa State University Research Studies

It appears from this summary of previous Iowa State University research results that protein and energy levels in forages stockpiled starting in August will for the most part have sufficient protein and energy to maintain a beef cow during the middle and last part of their pregnancy. Tall fescue-alfalfa stockpiled forage had two months that would not meet protein and energy requirements, but it is important to realize that selective grazing in that forage type would likely overcome those deficiencies. However, it is important to realize that sufficient forage accumulation is imperative to meeting the total nutrient demand of the beef cow

A Summary of Monthly Nutrient Values for Research Pastures in the Growing Months

This analysis shows that research pastures contain sufficient protein and in most months energy to maintain a beef cow during the lactation phase of the yearly beef production cycle. Crude protein in comparison to the needs of a 1400 pound lactating beef range from 113 percent to 220 percent of the requirement. Energy in comparison to the same need ranged from 87 percent to 118 percent. Eleven of 36 months evaluated were below energy needs. However, previous research has demonstrated that cattle will have selected forage intake that is 3 percent higher in digestible dry matter