Intersectionality and sex and gender-based analyses as promising approaches in addressing intimate partner violence treatment programs among LGBT couples: A scoping review

Although Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is an important health and social issue, less is known about IPV among sexual orientation and gender-minoritized (SOGI) populations such as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) couples. IPV among same-sex (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual) and gender-minoritized (e.g., transgender) couples requires a reframing of this issue from a heteronormative and cisnormative lens in order to better understand and effectively address approaches to prevent this kind of abuse and to improve treatment programs. The purpose of this scoping review is to explore why including an intersectional lens in Sex and Gender-Based Analysis is needed to improve effectiveness of IPV treatment programs, analyzing what works and why among SOGI populations impacted by IPV in current IPV programs. Specifically, this scoping review systematically searched three academic databases to identify peer-reviewed publications examining: (a) existing treatment programs for SOGI populations who are impacted by IPV, and (b) suggestions for future policies and services for SOGI populations. Of the 1172 potential articles, 75 met the inclusion criteria, but none described IPV programs specific to SOGI populations. The findings of this scoping review reflect the need for developing IPV programs that are informed by evidence-based practice in health and social services for SOGI populations, and will offer new approaches for current BIPs programs to move forward prevention and intervention

Assessment of the physiological and biochemical characterization of a Lactic acid bacterium isolated from chicken faeces in sahelian region

The aim of this work was the examination of the microbiological and technological properties of a lactic acid bacterium (CWBI-B623) isolated from chicken faeces in sahelian region (Burkina Faso). The strain CWBI-B623 is a Gram positive rod, asporogenous, catalase-positive, facultatively anaerobic, non motile and mesophilic. The analysis showed that it produce L(+)-lactic acid via homofermentative pathway and it was able to ferment an important number of the carbohydrates of API 50CHL system. The 16S-rDNAsequence analysis revealed that the isolate was phylogenetically a member of the genus Lactobacillus and formed a subline within the Lactobacillus casei cluster. The minimal inhibitory concentration of CWBI-B623 for bile salts was higher than 1% and the survival rates to acidity with pH 3.0 and pH 2.5 were 26 and 1.2%, respectively. CWBI-B623 is an Lactobacillus casei species based on its physiological and biochemical properties and it could be a good candidate for probiotic formulations.Key words: Lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus, probiotic, biodiversity

The Resistance to Freeze-Drying and to Storage Was Determined as the Cellular Ability to Recover Its Survival Rate and Acidification Activity

The protective effects of the fatty acid composition and membrane action of the acidification activity of two strains of Lactobacillus kept at 20°C were studied. The addition of sorbitol, monosodium glutamate and glycerol during storage is causing the decline of acidification and increased concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids observed in both strains. The addition of sorbitol and monosodium glutamate does not alter the fatty acid composition, whatever the strain, but increases the resistance to freeze-drying of L. plantarum CWBI-B1419 and improves survival during storage. The addition of these preservatives and decreased activity of acidification improves the ratio unsaturated. These results indicate that the survival during storage and freeze-drying resistance are closely related to the composition of membrane fatty acids. This behaviour can be interpreted as an adaptation of L. plantarum B1419-CWBI supplemented by cryoprotectant additives such as sorbitol or monosodium glutamate sorbitol and monosodium glutamate as an additive. L. plantarum CWBI-B1419 presents a greater adaptation to culture conditions than L. paracasei ssp. paracasei LMG9192T

Activation of oligodendroglial Fyn kinase enhances translation of mRNAs transported in hnRNP A2–dependent RNA granules

Central nervous system myelination requires the synthesis of large amounts of myelin basic protein (MBP) at the axon–glia contact site. MBP messenger RNA (mRNA) is transported in RNA granules to oligodendroglial processes in a translationally silenced state. This process is regulated by the trans-acting factor heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2 binding to the cis-acting A2 response element (A2RE). Release of this repression of MBP mRNA translation is thus essential for myelination. Mice deficient in the Src family tyrosine kinase Fyn are hypomyelinated and contain reduced levels of MBP. Here, we identify hnRNP A2 as a target of activated Fyn in oligodendrocytes. We show that active Fyn phosphorylates hnRNP A2 and stimulates translation of an MBP A2RE–containing reporter construct. Neuronal adhesion molecule L1 binding to oligodendrocytes results in Fyn activation, which leads to an increase in hnRNP A2 phosphorylation. These results suggest that Fyn kinase activation results in the localized translation of MBP mRNA at sites of axon–glia contact and myelin deposition

Working Across Professions to Develop the Interprofessional Education Curriculum Pathway

This poster presents the assessment of curriculum through the Interprofessional Education committee, which was created in 2015 with the support of the Deans of the John A. Burns School of Medicine, School of Nursing and Dental Hygiene, Myron B. Thompson School of Social Work, the Daniel K. Inouye School of Pharmacy and Director of the Office of Public Health Studies in order to help prepare students for working collaboratively in complex healthcare settings. The process through which the curriculum is assess against the Interprofessional Education Collaborative competencies is outlined. In addition to discussing the identified curriculum gaps and plan for action, a detailed curriculum map is provided

Does believing something to be fiction allow a form of moral licencing or a 'fictive pass' in understanding others' actions?

Introduction: The human capacity to engage with fictional worlds raises important psychological questions about the mechanisms that make this possible. Of particular interest is whether people respond differently to fictional stories compared to factual ones in terms of how immersed they become and how they view the characters involved and their actions. It has been suggested that fiction provides us with a ‘fictive pass’ that allows us to evaluate in a more balanced, detached way the morality of a character’s behaviour. Methods: We use a randomised controlled experimental design to test this. Results and discussion: We show that, although knowing whether a substantial film clip is fact or fiction does not affect how engaged with (‘transported’ by) a troubling story an observer becomes, it does grant them a ‘fictive pass’ to empathise with a moral transgressor. However, a fictive pass does not override the capacity to judge the causes of a character’s moral transgression (at least as indexed by a causal attribution task)

Projecting the effect of crop yield increases, dietary change and different price scenarios on land use under two different state security regimes

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Contrasting influences of Drosophila white/mini-white on ethanol sensitivity in two different behavioral assays

Background The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has been used extensively to investigate genetic mechanisms of ethanol-related behaviors. Many past studies in flies, including studies from our laboratory, have manipulated gene expression using transposons carrying the genetic-phenotypic marker mini-white, a derivative of the endogenous gene white. Whether the mini-white transgenic marker or the endogenous white gene influence behavioral responses to acute ethanol exposure in flies has not been systematically investigated. Methods We manipulated mini-white and white expression via (i) transposons marked with mini-white, (ii) RNAi against mini-white and white and (iii) a null allele of white. We assessed ethanol sensitivity and tolerance using a previously described eRING assay (based on climbing in the presence of ethanol) and an assay based on ethanol-induced sedation. Results In eRING assays, ethanol-induced impairment of climbing correlated inversely with expression of the mini-white marker from a series of transposon insertions. Additionally, flies harboring a null allele of white or flies with RNAi-mediated knockdown of mini-white were significantly more sensitive to ethanol in eRING assays than controls expressing endogenous white or the mini-white marker. In contrast, ethanol sensitivity and rapid tolerance measured in the ethanol sedation assay were not affected by decreased expression of mini-white or endogenous white in flies. Conclusions Ethanol sensitivity measured in the eRING assay is noticeably influenced by white and mini-white, making eRING problematic for studies on ethanol-related behavior in Drosophila using transgenes marked with mini-white. In contrast, the ethanol sedation assay described here is a suitable behavioral paradigm for studies on ethanol sedation and rapid tolerance in Drosophila including those that use widely available transgenes marked with mini-white