93 research outputs found
Mussel processing wastewater: a low-cost substrate for the production of astaxanthin by Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous
Diagnostic, etiologic, and genetic aspects of congenital ichthyoses at birth: Characteristics of the ECEMC cases
Dismorfología, Citogenética y Clínica: Resultados de estudios sobre los datos del ECEMCThe Ichthyoses constitutes a large family of genetic skin diseases characterized by dry skin and variable degrees of blisters and scales. There are at least twenty varieties of ichthyosis, with a wide range of severity and associated symptoms, and genetic heterogeneity (autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked inheritance). The clinical symptoms, which are non-specific, may not be apparent. We have attempted to provide a classification of the ichthyoses and some guidance for the diagnosis and management of these conditions. The present classification is based in the type of alteration of the skin layer, the molecular findings, the biochemical characteristics, and the family history.There are three main categories, which include different subgroups of ichthyoses: 1) Those that are caused by an altered process of keratinocytic diferenciation (altered intermediate filaments/keratins). This category includes the following subgroups: a) Harlequin fetus; b) bullous erythroderma ichthyosiformis congenital; c) Ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens; d) Ichthyosis hystrix of Curth-Macklin; and e) Ichthyosis vulgaris. 2) Those that are caused by a deficient formation of the cornified envelope (transglutaminase 1 enzyme deficiency). In this category we include two main subgrups: a) Lamellar ichthyosis AR, which includes i) ichthyosis lamellar (IL1, IL2, IL3, IL4, and IL5), and ii) ichthyosiform erythroderma congenital nonbullous, and b) Nonlamellar ichthyosis and nonerythrodermic congenital ichthyosis AR. 3) Those caused by an abnormal steroid sulfatase (X-linked Ichtyosis). In spite of having only data at birth and the lack of molecular analysis, we attempted to classify the ECEMC cases according to this classification using available clinical data. We also calculated the frequency of this disease identified at birth, and provide some guidance for the clinical diagnosis, the management of the affected newborn, and the information that should be offered to the parents.N
The Stability and Formation of Native Proteins from Unfolded Monomers Is Increased through Interactions with Unrelated Proteins
The intracellular concentration of protein may be as high as 400 mg per ml; thus it seems inevitable that within the cell, numerous protein-protein contacts are constantly occurring. A basic biochemical principle states that the equilibrium of an association reaction can be shifted by ligand binding. This indicates that if within the cell many protein-protein interactions are indeed taking place, some fundamental characteristics of proteins would necessarily differ from those observed in traditional biochemical systems. Accordingly, we measured the effect of eight different proteins on the formation of homodimeric triosephosphate isomerase from Trypanosoma brucei (TbTIM) from guanidinium chloride unfolded monomers. The eight proteins at concentrations of micrograms per ml induced an important increase on active dimer formation. Studies on the mechanism of this phenomenon showed that the proteins stabilize the dimeric structure of TbTIM, and that this is the driving force that promotes the formation of active dimers. Similar data were obtained with TIM from three other species. The heat changes that occur when TbTIM is mixed with lysozyme were determined by isothermal titration calorimetry; the results provided direct evidence of the weak interaction between apparently unrelated proteins. The data, therefore, are strongly suggestive that the numerous protein-protein interactions that occur in the intracellular space are an additional control factor in the formation and stability of proteins
Pets as Sentinels of Human Exposure to Neurotoxic Metals
The idea that animals may be used as sentinels of environmental hazards
pending over humans and the associated public health implications is not a new one.
Nowadays pets are being used as bioindicators for the effects of environmental contaminants
in human populations. This is of paramount importance due to the large
increase in the worldwide distribution of synthetic chemicals, particularly in the
built environment. Companion animals share the habitat with humans being simultaneously
exposed to and suffering the same disease spectrum as their masters.
Moreover, their shorter latency periods (due to briefer lifespans) enable them to act
as early warning systems, allowing timely public health interventions. The rise on
ethical constraints on the use of animals and, consequently, on the sampling they
can be subjected to has led to the preferential use of noninvasive matrices, and in
this case we are looking into hair. This chapter focuses in three non-essential metals:
mercury, lead, and cadmium, due to their ubiquitous presence in the built environment
and their ability of affecting the mammal nervous system. There is a fairly
short amount of studies reporting the concentrations of these metals in pets’ hair,
particularly for cats. These studies are characterized, and the metal concentrations
corresponding to different parameters (e.g., age, sex, diet, rearing) are described in
order to provide the reader with a general vision on the use of this noninvasive
matrix on the studies conducted since the last two decades of the twentieth
century.publishe
A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)
Meeting abstrac
Iron Behaving Badly: Inappropriate Iron Chelation as a Major Contributor to the Aetiology of Vascular and Other Progressive Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases
The production of peroxide and superoxide is an inevitable consequence of
aerobic metabolism, and while these particular "reactive oxygen species" (ROSs)
can exhibit a number of biological effects, they are not of themselves
excessively reactive and thus they are not especially damaging at physiological
concentrations. However, their reactions with poorly liganded iron species can
lead to the catalytic production of the very reactive and dangerous hydroxyl
radical, which is exceptionally damaging, and a major cause of chronic
inflammation. We review the considerable and wide-ranging evidence for the
involvement of this combination of (su)peroxide and poorly liganded iron in a
large number of physiological and indeed pathological processes and
inflammatory disorders, especially those involving the progressive degradation
of cellular and organismal performance. These diseases share a great many
similarities and thus might be considered to have a common cause (i.e.
iron-catalysed free radical and especially hydroxyl radical generation). The
studies reviewed include those focused on a series of cardiovascular, metabolic
and neurological diseases, where iron can be found at the sites of plaques and
lesions, as well as studies showing the significance of iron to aging and
longevity. The effective chelation of iron by natural or synthetic ligands is
thus of major physiological (and potentially therapeutic) importance. As
systems properties, we need to recognise that physiological observables have
multiple molecular causes, and studying them in isolation leads to inconsistent
patterns of apparent causality when it is the simultaneous combination of
multiple factors that is responsible. This explains, for instance, the
decidedly mixed effects of antioxidants that have been observed, etc...Comment: 159 pages, including 9 Figs and 2184 reference
Preparing for low surface brightness science with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory: characterisation of tidal features from mock images
Tidal features in the outskirts of galaxies yield unique information about their past interactions and are a key prediction of the hierarchical structure formation paradigm. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory is poised to deliver deep observations for potentially of millions of objects with visible tidal features, but the inference of galaxy interaction histories from such features is not straightforward. Utilising automated techniques and human visual classification in conjunction with realistic mock images produced using the NEWHORIZON cosmological simulation, we investigate the nature, frequency and visibility of tidal features and debris across a range of environments and stellar masses. In our simulated sample, around 80 per cent of the flux in the tidal features around Milky Way or greater mass galaxies is detected at the 10-year depth of the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (30-31 mag / sq. arcsec), falling to 60 per cent assuming a shallower final depth of 29.5 mag / sq. arcsec. The fraction of total flux found in tidal features increases towards higher masses, rising to 10 per cent for the most massive objects in our sample (M*~10^{11.5} Msun). When observed at sufficient depth, such objects frequently exhibit many distinct tidal features with complex shapes. The interpretation and characterisation of such features varies significantly with image depth and object orientation, introducing significant biases in their classification. Assuming the data reduction pipeline is properly optimised, we expect the Rubin Observatory to be capable of recovering much of the flux found in the outskirts of Milky Way mass galaxies, even at intermediate redshifts (z<0.2)
Volviéndonos mejores: necesidad de acción inmediata ante el reto de la obesidad. Una postura de profesionales de la salud.
La creciente epidemia de obesidad ha sido uno de los retos más importantes de salud pública en México durante los últimos años. Con apoyo de la Federación Mundial de Obesidad, en 2021 formamos un grupo de profesionales para identificar y resumir las acciones prioritarias en las que puede enfocarse nuestro país para hacer frente a esta epidemia. Al proceso de desarrollo y discusión de este grupo se sumaron más de 1 000 profesionales de la salud para retomar recomendaciones de documentos y guías de alto nivel previamente publicados. En conmemoración del Día Mundial de la Obesidad, en este 2022 se presenta esta postura como insumo para el desarrollo de acciones en el ámbito profesional y de los diferentes sectores, en la que se incluyen 10 recomendaciones de acción, desde la perspectiva poblacional hasta la atención individualizada, y se enfatiza en la importancia de la participación social, de las intervenciones integrales con visión centrada en la persona y de la sostenibilidad planetaria, además de mejorar la educación y las campañas de difusión, propiciar un ambiente promotor de entornos activos y blindar de conflictos de interés los esfuerzos de prevención y control. La postura hace un llamado para abordar la obesidad de manera seria, con base en la evidencia científica, oportuna e integral, con enfoque de curso de vida, de forma ética y sensible, y sin perpetuar las barreras del estigma de peso en la sociedad
A fast regularisation of a Newtonian vortex equation
We consider equations of the form , where is the Newtonian potential (inverse of the
Laplacian) posed in the whole space , and is the
mobility. For linear mobility, , the equation and some variations
have been proposed as a model for superconductivity or superfluidity. In that
case the theory leads to uniqueness of bounded weak solutions having the
property of compact space support, and in particular there is a special
solution in the form of a disk vortex of constant intensity in space
supported in a ball that spreads in time like , thus
showing a discontinuous leading front.
In this paper we propose the model with sublinear mobility
, with 0<\alpha<1, and prove that nonnegative solutions
recover positivity everywhere, and moreover display a fat tail at infinity. The
model acts in many ways as a regularization of the previous one. In particular,
we find that the equivalent of the previous vortex is an explicit self-similar
solution decaying in time like with a space tail with size
. We restrict the analysis to radial solutions and
construct solutions by the method of characteristics. We introduce the mass
function, which solves an unusual variation of Burger's equation, and plays an
important role in the analysis. We show well-posedness in the sense of
viscosity solutions. We also construct numerical finite-difference convergent
schemes
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