31,003 research outputs found
Experimental results of the control of a vortical flow by tangential blowing
The results of a wind tunnel test to investigate the controlling effects of tangential, leading edge blowing on the vortical flow over a delta wing are given. Blowing is used to directly control the crossflow separation points at the rounded leading edge and hence, the trajectory of the feeding sheet and the location of the vortex. Experiments were conducted for both co-flowing and counter-flowing configurations over a range of angles of attack from 0 to 90 degrees. Results in the form of pressure distributions, overall force coefficients and flow mappings were obtained. The emphasis is on data presentation rather than detailed analysis. The initial results indicate that the co-flowing configuration was capable of extending the regime of stable, controlled vortical flow over the upper surface by approximately 30 degrees angle of attack for modest blowing requirements. Increases in maximum normal force coefficient of approximately 30% were achieved and significant rolling moments produced at angles of attack from 30 to 60 degrees. The counter-flowing configuration indicated only minor lift augmentation with the exception of an isolated occurrence at 20 degrees angle of attack. At that condition, with very weak blowing, a lift augmentation of approximately 20 was measured
New computer system simplifies programming of mathematical equations
Automatic Mathematical Translator /AMSTRAN/ permits scientists or engineers to enter mathematical equations in their natural mathematical format and to obtain an immediate graphical display of the solution. This automatic-programming, on-line, multiterminal computer system allows experienced programmers to solve nonroutine problems
Two blowing concepts for roll and lateral control of aircraft
Two schemes to modulate aerodynamic forces for roll and lateral control of aircraft have been investigated. The first scheme, called the lateral blowing concept, consists of thin jets of air exiting spanwise, or at small angle with the spanwise direction, from slots at the tips of straight wings. For this scheme, in addition to experimental measurements, a theory was developed showing the analytical relationship between aerodynamic forces and jet and wing parameters. Experimental results confirmed the theoretically derived scaling laws. The second scheme, which was studied experimentally, is called the jet spoiler concept and consists of thin jets exiting normally to the wing surface from slots aligned with the spanwise direction
Mixing with the radiofrequency single-electron transistor
By configuring a radio-frequency single-electron transistor as a mixer, we
demonstrate a unique implementation of this device, that achieves good charge
sensitivity with large bandwidth about a tunable center frequency. In our
implementation we achieve a measurement bandwidth of 16 MHz, with a tunable
center frequency from 0 to 1.2 GHz, demonstrated with the transistor operating
at 300 mK. Ultimately this device is limited in center frequency by the RC time
of the transistor's center island, which for our device is ~ 1.6 GHz, close to
the measured value. The measurement bandwidth is determined by the quality
factor of the readout tank circuit.Comment: Submitted to APL september 200
Sexual offenderâs experiences of polygraph testing: a thematic study in three probation trusts
Post-conviction polygraph testing of sexual offenders is controversial and the use of the polygraph as a means of supporting supervision of sexual offenders has only recently been explored. This study quantitatively examined qualitatively offender managersâ and sexual offendersâ views on the mandatory use of the polygraph in a community-based supervision.
Fifteen polygraphed offenders and their 10 offender managers (polygraph group), and 10 non-polygraphed offenders and their ten offender managers (comparison group) were asked about their experiences and perceptions of a mandatory polygraph use. Using thematic analysis, the results provided four main themes: (1) truth detection, (2) perceptions of behaviour change, (3) perceptions of polygraph as part of supervision, and (4) national implementation of polygraph testing.
Results suggest several benefits to mandatory polygraph testing as a support for supervision, including offenders making more high-risk disclosures, motivating offender honesty, and aiding offendersâ compliance with licence conditions
Instrumentation design study for testing a hypersonic ramjet engine on the x-15 a-2. volume 2- preliminary design of in-flight thrust/drag measuring device
Inflight thrust and drag measuring device for hypersonic ramjet engine on X-15A-2 aircraf
Verification of performance results for a low-speed 15 percent elliptical circulation control airfoil
Low-speed wind tunnel tests performed by the Naval Ship Research and Development Center (NSRDC) on a circulation control airfoil model was repeated by the Joint Institute for Aerodynamics and Acoustics in an attempt to reproduce the performance results. The model used was a 15% ellipse with interchangeable trailing edges. Surface pressure measurements were taken to obtain lift and pitching moment coefficients as functions of jet blowing momentum, and the momentum deficit in the wake was measured and used to calculate the drag coefficient. The effects of spanwise slot height variation and of leading edge blowing on performance were also investigated. The performance results showed that of the three slot heights tested, a slot height/chord ratio of 0.0022 produced the most lift coefficient for a given blowing rate. Lift obtained in the current test ranged from 2 to 35% lower than the NSRDC test. However, the two data sets compared reasonably well considering wind tunnel and wall blowing scheme differences. The spanwise lift distribution showed less change in lift due to a variation in slot height than expected. The leading edge blowing results demonstrated that although lift initially decreased, a positive lift increment was possible at higher leading edge blowing rates
Fermi LAT Gamma-ray Detections of Classical Novae V1369 Centauri 2013 and V5668 Sagittarii 2015
We report the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) detections of high-energy
(>100 MeV) gamma-ray emission from two recent optically bright classical novae,
V1369 Centauri 2013 and V5668 Sagittarii 2015. At early times, Fermi
target-of-opportunity observations prompted by their optical discoveries
provided enhanced LAT exposure that enabled the detections of gamma-ray onsets
beginning ~2 days after their first optical peaks. Significant gamma-ray
emission was found extending to 39-55 days after their initial LAT detections,
with systematically fainter and longer duration emission compared to previous
gamma-ray detected classical novae. These novae were distinguished by multiple
bright optical peaks that encompassed the timespans of the observed gamma rays.
The gamma-ray light curves and spectra of the two novae are presented along
with representative hadronic and leptonic models, and comparisons to other
novae detected by the LAT are discussed.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, ApJ accepte
Understanding AGB evolution in Galactic bulge stars from high-resolution infrared spectroscopy
An analysis of high-resolution near-infrared spectra of a sample of 45
asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars towards the Galactic bulge is presented.
The sample consists of two subsamples, a larger one in the inner and
intermediate bulge, and a smaller one in the outer bulge. The data are analysed
with the help of hydrostatic model atmospheres and spectral synthesis. We
derive the radial velocity of all stars, and the atmospheric chemical mix
([Fe/H], C/O, C/C, Al, Si, Ti, and Y) where possible. Our ability
to model the spectra is mainly limited by the (in)completeness of atomic and
molecular line lists, at least for temperatures down to K. We find that the subsample in the inner and intermediate
bulge is quite homogeneous, with a slightly sub-solar mean metallicity and only
few stars with super-solar metallicity, in agreement with previous studies of
non-variable M-type giants in the bulge. All sample stars are oxygen-rich,
C/O1.0. The C/O and carbon isotopic ratios suggest that third dredge-up
(3DUP) is absent among the sample stars, except for two stars in the outer
bulge that are known to contain technetium. These stars are also more
metal-poor than the stars in the intermediate or inner bulge. Current stellar
masses are determined from linear pulsation models. The masses, metallicities
and 3DUP behaviour are compared to AGB evolutionary models. We conclude that
these models are partly in conflict with our observations. Furthermore, we
conclude that the stars in the inner and intermediate bulge belong to a more
metal-rich population that follows bar-like kinematics, whereas the stars in
the outer bulge belong to the metal-poor, spheroidal bulge population.Comment: 21 pages, 13 figures, 6 tables (incl. appendix), years of work,
published in MNRA
Photometry of SN 2002ic and Implications for the Progenitor Mass-Loss History
We present new pre-maximum and late-time optical photometry of the Type
Ia/IIn supernova 2002ic. These observations are combined with the published
V-band magnitudes of Hamuy et al. (2003) and the VLT spectrophotometry of Wang
et al. (2004) to construct the most extensive light curve to date of this
unusual supernova. The observed flux at late time is significantly higher
relative to the flux at maximum than that of any other observed Type Ia
supernova and continues to fade very slowly a year after explosion. Our
analysis of the light curve suggests that a non-Type Ia supernova component
becomes prominent days after explosion. Modeling of the non-Type Ia
supernova component as heating from the shock interaction of the supernova
ejecta with pre-existing circumstellar material suggests the presence of a
cm gap or trough between the progenitor system and the
surrounding circumstellar material. This gap could be due to significantly
lower mass-loss years prior to explosion or
evacuation of the circumstellar material by a low-density fast wind. The latter
is consistent with observed properties of proto-planetary nebulae and with
models of white-dwarf + asymptotic giant branch star progenitor systems with
the asymptotic giant branch star in the proto-planetary nebula phase.Comment: accepted for publication in Ap
- âŠ