Stacks and D-Brane Bundles

In this paper we describe explicitly how the twisted ``bundles'' on a D-brane worldvolume in the presence of a nontrivial B field, can be understood in terms of sheaves on stacks. We also take this opportunity to provide the physics community with a readable introduction to stacks and generalized spaces.Comment: 24 pages, LaTeX; v2: references adde

Doping evolution of the phonon density of states and electron-lattice interaction in Nd2−x_{2-x}Cex_xCuO4+δ_{4+\delta}

We use inelastic neutron scattering to study the evolution of the generalized phonon density of states (GDOS) of the $n$-type high-$T_c$ superconductor Nd$_{2-x}$Ce$_x$CuO$_{4+\delta}$ (NCCO), from the half-filled Mott-insulator ($x=0$) to the $T_c=24$ K superconductor ($x=0.15$). Upon doping the CuO$_2$ planes in Nd$_2$CuO$_{4+\delta}$ (NCO) with electrons by Ce substitution, the most significant change in the GDOS is the softening of the highest phonon branches associated with the Cu-O bond stretching and out-of-plane oxygen vibration modes. However, the softening occurs within the first few percent of Ce-doping and is not related to the electron doping induced nonsuperconducting-superconducting transition (NST) at $x\approx 0.12$. These results suggest that the electron-lattice coupling in the $n$-type high-$T_c$ superconductors is different from that in the $p$-type materials.Comment: 4 pages and 3 figure

Constellations of identity: place-ma(r)king beyond heritage

This paper will critically consider the different ways in which history and belonging have been treated in artworks situated in the Citadel development in Ayr on the West coast of Scotland. It will focus upon one artwork, Constellation by Stephen Hurrel, as an alternative to the more conventional landscapes of heritage which are adjacent, to examine the relationship between personal history and place history and argue the primacy of participatory process in the creation of place and any artwork therein. Through his artwork, Hurrel has attempted to adopt a material process through which place can be created performatively but, in part due to its non-representational form, proves problematic, aesthetically and longitudinally, in wholly engaging the community. The paper will suggest that through variants of ‘new genre public art’ such as this, personal and place histories can be actively re-created through the redevelopment of contemporary urban landscapes but also highlight the complexities and indeterminacies involved in the relationship between artwork, people and place

Between Documentality and Imagination: Five Theses on Curating the Violent Past

This article considers the notion that to document or inscribe our lives not only leaves a trace of our creaturely presence, but may also become a form of juris-writing, a writing that concerns and aims at Justice. Employing an expanded notion of Justice that takes it beyond the institutions of law, therefore, it asks about forms of documentality (Ferraris) that put us ‘before memory’ in Derrida’s sense. How is it possible to think curation in relation to a violent past in such a way that neither attempts to deny the lacunae nor surrenders in the face of the difficulties of such attempts? How should we consider the relation between the delimited encounter with an ‘invitation to imagine’ (Didi-Huberman) and processes of institutionalisation that build a society? What about those things that it is not possible to show, including relations of power, that arise analytically? Reflecting on current memory spaces, especially within ex-clandestine centres for detention, torture and extermination (ex-ccdtyes) in Argentina, the article offers five theses in order to consider what is at stake in the encounters staged at these sites

Carbonic anhydrase XII is a marker of good prognosis in invasive breast carcinoma

Hypoxia and pH influence gene expression in tumours, and it is becoming increasingly clear that the pattern of genes expressed by a tumour determines its growth and survival characteristics. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key mediator of the cellular response to hypoxia and high HIF-1 expression has been identified as a poor prognostic factor in tumours. Recently, we identified the tumour-associated carbonic anhydrases (CA), CA9 and CA12 as hypoxia-inducible in tumour cell lines. Furthermore, we identified CA IX to be a poor prognostic factor in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of CA XII. CA XII expression was studied by immunohistochemistry in a series of 103 cases of invasive breast cancer and any association with recognised prognostic factors or relation with the outcome was examined. CA XII expression was present in 77 out of 103 (75%) cases and was associated with lower grade (P=0.001), positive estrogen receptor status (P<0.001), and negative epidermal growth factor receptor status (P<0.001). Furthermore, although CA XII expression was associated with an absence of necrosis (P<0.001), expression of CA XII in some high-grade tumours was induced in regions directly adjacent to morphological necrosis. Additionally, using univariate analysis, CA XII positive tumours were associated with a lower relapse rate (P=0.04) and a better overall survival (P=0.01). In conclusion, CA XII expression is influenced both by factors related to differentiation and hypoxia in breast cancer in vivo and CA XII expression is associated with a better prognosis in an unselected series of invasive breast carcinoma patients

Business ethics as practice

In this article we develop a conceptualization of business ethics as practice. Starting from the view that the ethics that organizations display in practice will have been forged through an ongoing process of debate and contestation over moral choices, we examine ethics in relation to the ambiguous, unpredictable, and subjective contexts of managerial action. Furthermore, we examine how discursively constituted practice relates to managerial subjectivity and the possibilities of managers being moral agents. The article concludes by discussing how the 'ethics as practice' approach that we expound provides theoretical resources for studying the different ways that ethics manifest themselves in organizations as well as providing a practical application of ethics in organizations that goes beyond moralistic and legalistic approaches. © 2006 British Academy of Management

Research Methodologies and Business Discourse Teaching

This chapter will:; ; ; Define English for specific purposes and indicate the specific ways in which it has been influential on business discourse teaching;; ; ; Discuss the most relevant approaches to genre analysis that have been used in business discourse teaching;; ; ; Explore the most relevant approaches to critical discourse analysis and organizational rhetoric for business discourse teaching;; ; ; Identify the most relevant aspects of multimodal discourse analysis for business discourse teaching;; ; ; Provide a case study that illustrates the use of one approach to business discourse teaching, showing how practitioners can incorporate it into their classroom- or consultancy-based ideas

Metastatic disease to the pancreas and spleen

Isolated metastases to the pancreas and spleen are a rare occurrence. When they are diagnosed, pancreatic metastases are most often from renal cell carcinoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer. The most common source of splenic metastases is gynecological in origin; the overwhelming majority is ovarian. If extensive staging studies reveal these metastases to be isolated, then curative resection may be warranted. This review will demonstrate that long-term survival may be achieved in patients with isolated metastases and a prolonged disease-free interval

Ants Sow the Seeds of Global Diversification in Flowering Plants

Background: The extraordinary diversification of angiosperm plants in the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods has produced an estimated 250,000–300,000 living angiosperm species and has fundamentally altered terrestrial ecosystems. Interactions with animals as pollinators or seed dispersers have long been suspected as drivers of angiosperm diversification, yet empirical examples remain sparse or inconclusive. Seed dispersal by ants (myrmecochory) may drive diversification as it can reduce extinction by providing selective advantages to plants and can increase speciation by enhancing geographical isolation by extremely limited dispersal distances. Methodology/Principal Findings: Using the most comprehensive sister-group comparison to date, we tested the hypothesis that myrmecochory leads to higher diversification rates in angiosperm plants. As predicted, diversification rates were substantially higher in ant-dispersed plants than in their non-myrmecochorous relatives. Data from 101 angiosperm lineages in 241 genera from all continents except Antarctica revealed that ant-dispersed lineages contained on average more than twice as many species as did their non-myrmecochorous sister groups. Contrasts in species diversity between sister groups demonstrated that diversification rates did not depend on seed dispersal mode in the sister group and were higher in myrmecochorous lineages in most biogeographic regions. Conclusions/Significance: Myrmecochory, which has evolved independently at least 100 times in angiosperms and is estimated to be present in at least 77 families and 11 000 species, is a key evolutionary innovation and a globally important driver of plant diversity. Myrmecochory provides the best example to date for a consistent effect of any mutualism on largescale diversification