Music-reading expertise modulates the visual span for English letters but not Chinese characters.

Recent research has suggested that the visual span in stimulus identification can be enlarged through perceptual learning. Since both English and music reading involve left-to-right sequential symbol processing, music-reading experience may enhance symbol identification through perceptual learning particularly in the right visual field (RVF). In contrast, as Chinese can be read in all directions, and components of Chinese characters do not consistently form a left-right structure, this hypothesized RVF enhancement effect may be limited in Chinese character identification. To test these hypotheses, here we recruited musicians and nonmusicians who read Chinese as their first language (L1) and English as their second language (L2) to identify music notes, English letters, Chinese characters, and novel symbols (Tibetan letters) presented at different eccentricities and visual field locations on the screen while maintaining central fixation. We found that in English letter identification, significantly more musicians achieved above-chance performance in the center-RVF locations than nonmusicians. This effect was not observed in Chinese character or novel symbol identification. We also found that in music note identification, musicians outperformed nonmusicians in accuracy in the center-RVF condition, consistent with the RVF enhancement effect in the visual span observed in English-letter identification. These results suggest that the modulation of music-reading experience on the visual span for stimulus identification depends on the similarities in the perceptual processes involved

Konflik Pekerjaan-keluarga : Tipe Konflik Dan Dampaknya Pada Kepuasan

. This study examines the effect of work-family conflict on satisfactionoutcomes that consist job satisfaction, marital satisfaction and life satisfaction. Thisstudy distinguished work-family conflict into three types, job-spouse, job-parent andjob-homemaker conflict. Using 102 doctors from RSUD Dr Soetomo Surabaya, wefound that only job-homemaker conflict has insignificant effect on three satisfactionoutcomes. The main reason underlying this result is the tendency of modern family thatuse servant to help them doing household duties. Both job satisfaction and maritalsatisfaction are strong predictor to life satisfaction

Aplikasi Parenting untuk Makanan Sehat Bayi Berbasis Android

Tumbuh kembang anak yang sehat tidak terlepas dari peran orang tua yang sangat besar mulai dari masa kehamilan seorang ibu sampai melahirkan dan kemudian membesarkannya. Pola makan makanan yang sehat juga menjadi faktor utama kesehatan ibu dan anak, sehingga harus memperhatikan jenis makanan yang sehat, pemberian gizi yang seimbang dan pengaturan pola makan yang baik. Pemberian makanan pada bayi tidak sama dengan memberikan makanan kepada anak-anak usia 2 tahun ke atas. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pengetahuan bagi ibu yang akan memberikan makanan pada anaknya. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan pada pengembangan sistem adalah metode waterfall, sedangkan software yang digunakan untuk membangun aplikasi parenting ini adalah android studio dengan bahasa pemrograman Java yang terhubung dalam jaringan komunikasi dan internet pada smartphone berbasis android. Aplikasi parenting ini membahas tentang gizi seimbang bagi bayi dan Balita serta menu yang disediakan sesuai usia anak. Dengan aplikasi ini diharapkan ibu dapat memberikan makanan sesuai usia dan kecukupan gizi kepada bayi, yang dilengkapi dengan alarm untuk mengingatkan waktu makan bayi sesuai frekuensi yang disarankan setiap harinya. Dengan demikian, orang tua mendapatkan informasi tentang gizi seimbang dan pemberian makanan pada bayi akan teratur. Aplikasi ini bertujuan untuk digunakan oleh orang tua untuk mengevaluasi menu makanan bayi sesuai dengan usia bayi serta memilih menu yang disukai atau tidak disukai oleh bayinya

A simpler structure for local spatial channels revealed by sustained perifoveal stimuli

A new evaluation of the local structure of spatial channels with sustained stimuli in perifoveal retina employs the masking sensitivity approach to minimize analytic assumptions. The stimuli were designed to address the range of channel tunings of the predominantly sustained response system in the near periphery. Under these conditions, the range of identifiable channels spanned a narrow range of spatial frequencies, from roughly 2–8 cpd at 2° eccentricity to 1–4 cpd at 8° eccentricity. The analysis showed that there are no sustained channels tuned below 2 cpd for the central visual field. This two-octave range of channel tuning is much narrower than is conventionally assumed. For local sustained stimuli, human peripheral spatial processing therefore appears to be based on a simpler channel structure than is often supposed

Beyond the classic receptive field: the effect of contextual stimuli

Following the pioneering studies of the receptive field (RF), the concept gained further significance for visual perception by the discovery of input effects from beyond the classical RF. These studies demonstrated that neuronal responses could be modulated by stimuli outside their RFs, consistent with the perception of induced brightness, color, orientation, and motion. Lesion scotomata are similarly modulated perceptually from the surround by RFs that have migrated from the interior to the outer edge of the scotoma and in this way provide filling-in of the void. Large RFs are advantageous to this task. In higher visual areas, such as the middle temporal and inferotemporal lobe, RFs increase in size and lose most of their retinotopic organization while encoding increasingly complex features. Whereas lowerlevel RFs mediate perceptual filling-in, contour integration, and figure–ground segregation, RFs at higher levels serve the perception of grouping by common fate, biological motion, and other biologically relevant stimuli, such as faces. Studies in alert monkeys while freely viewing natural scenes showed that classical and nonclassical RFs cooperate in forming representations of the visual world. Today, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the RF is undergoing a quantum leap. What had started out as a hierarchical feedforward concept for simple stimuli, such as spots, lines, and bars, now refers to mechanisms involving ascending, descending, and lateral signal flow. By extension of the bottom-up paradigm, RFs are nowadays understood as adaptive processors, enabling the predictive coding of complex scenes. Top-down effects guiding attention and tuned to task-relevant information complement the bottom-up analysis

PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MULTIMEDIA AUDIO-VIDEO TERHADAP PENINGKATAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X SMKN 6 SIDRAP PADA MATA PELAJARAN DASAR-DASAR LAS BUSUR LISTRIK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui media pembelajaran multimedia audio video mempengaruhi peningkatan minat belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre-experimental design dengan jenis pre testand post test one group desing. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X Teknik Mesin sebanyak 25 siswa. Data penelitian diperoleh menggunakan tes obyektif. Adapun teknik analisis data menggunakan metode statistik deskrptif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan minat belajar yang signifikan setelah menggunakan media pembelajaran multimedia audio-video di SMKN 6 Sidrap. Kata kunci : Media Pembelajaran dan Minat Belaja

Craniocervical Dystonia Questionnaire (CDQ-24): Validation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation in Serbian Patients

The purpose of this study was to investigate the validation of the translated and culturally adapted CDQ-24 questionnaire on a group of Serbian patients. The study was comprised of 100 consecutive patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia (CD) and blepharospasm (BSP) who were evaluated at the Institute of Neurology, Clinical Centre of Serbia in Belgrade between March and June 2007. The linguistic validation of CDQ-24 involved 3 steps, according to an internationally accepted methodology. Most of the patients with CD and BSP accepted the CDQ-24 questionnaire. The internal consistency reliability ranged from 0.81 to 0.97. The mean total score of the CDQ-24 was 35.6±23.5. Patients with BSP had better HRQoL scores in the Pain subscale (p=0.025) compared with CD patients. However, patients with CD had better HRQoL sores in the Activities of Daily Living subscale (p=0.028) compared with BSP patients. Statistically significant positive correlations were registered between the Dystonia Movement Scale score and almost all CDQ-24 scales. The Serbian version of CDQ-24 should be recommended for HRQoL evaluation among patients with CD and BSP as an important outcome measure

Zanemarene gajene mahunarke Srbije - bob (Vicia faba)

Faba bean is cultivated locally in Serbia with no available official data. The collection at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad contains 141 accessions of food and feed faba bean. Forage yields in faba bean may surpass 40 t ha-1 of green forage and 8 t ha-1 of forage dry matter, while grain yields are often higher than 5 t ha-1. Faba bean may produce more than 1,500 kg ha-1 of forage crude protein and about 2,000 kg ha-1 of grain crude protein, as well as more than 250 kg ha-1 of above-ground biomass nitrogen. The first Serbian feed faba bean breeding programme, carried out at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, resulted in registration of two cultivars in 2007, Gema and Šarac, with more than 4,500 kg ha-1 of grain and more than 45 t ha-1 of green forage.Bob se u Srbiji gaji lokalno i bez zvaničnih podataka. Zbirka Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu sadrži 141 akcesiju povrtarskog i stočnog boba. Prinosi krme boba mogu da premaše 40 t ha-1 zelene krme i 8 t ha-1 suve materije krme, dok su prinosi zrna često veći od 5 t ha-1. Bob može da proizvede više od 1.500 kg ha-1 sirovih proteina krme i oko 2.000 kg ha-1 sirovih proteina zrna, kao i više od 250 kg ha-1 azota nadzemne biomase. U okviru prvog srpskog programa oplemenjivanja boba, koji se odvija u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu, tokom 2007. stvorene su i priznate dve sorte, Gema i Šarac, sa prinosima od više od 4.500 kg ha-1 zrna i više od 45 t ha-1 zelene krme

Underpotential deposition of cadmium onto Cu(111) and Cu(110) from chloride containing solutions

Underpotential deposition (UPD) of Cd onto the (111) and (110) faces of copper in chloride containing electrolyte has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry and the potentiostatic pulse technique. It was shown that the UPD of Cd onto the (111) face of copper is characterized by two pairs of peaks, one pair corresponding to the formation of the (√19 √ 19)R23.4º structure of Cd and the other one, taking place close to the reversible potential of Cd deposition, corresponding to the alloying of Cu with Cd. Deposition of (√19 √19)R23.4º structure of Cd was found to take place by the mechanism of replacement of the adsorbed structure of chloride, without chloride desorption (the chloride stays adsorbed on top of the Cd layer). Similar behaviour was found for the (110) face of copper, with more pronounced alloying which provokes an irreversible change of the original (110) surface of copper