Solar wind helium enhancements following major solar flares

The observations of solar wind helium enhancements following major solar flares are reviewed, and the hypothesis that helium enhancements often mark flare piston plasma is confirmed. Helium enhancements were observed during each of the three periods (March 1966, July 1966, August/September 1966) of major solar activity that occurred from October 1965 to October 1966. No enhancements were seen during the long quiet periods that occurred that year. At 1 AU, the helium-enhanced plasma pistons had slowed so that the velocity was 80 percent of the mean transit velocity, in general agreement with theoretical models of the propagation of flare disturbances. A qualitative model, in which the piston plasma is accelerated from the flare site deep in the corona, is discussed briefly. If the model is valid in general outline, the piston plasmas provide samples of material from the lower levels of the corona

Note on models of the propagation of solar flare plasma through interplanetary space

Theoretical treatment of propagation of solar flare disturbance in interplanetary spac

The solar cycle variation of the solar wind helium abundance

A critical survey was made of the experimental evidence for a variation of the relative abundance by number h, (n alpha/np), of helium in the solar wind. The abundance is found to vary by delta h = 0.01 + or - 0.01 from 0.035 to 0.045 over solar cycle 20. Changes in the average bulk speed during the solar activity cycle was insufficient to account for this increase in h with the solar cycle. The slope of the linear relation between h and the plasma bulk speed is also found to vary, being greatest around solar maximum. An attempt is made to explain the 30% variation in h as the result of the variation in the number of major solar flares over a solar cycle. These obvious transients are apparently not numerous enough to explain the observed variation, but the reasonable expectation remains that the transients observed recently by Skylab which may occur more frequently than major flares could augment those associated with major flares. Since the solar wind flux is not observed to increase at solar maximum, the abundance of Helium cannot be proportional to the proton flux leaving the sun unless the solar wind comes from a smaller area of the sun at maximum than at minimum

Clinical Diagnosis of Placenta Accreta and Clinicopathological Outcomes

Objective To investigate the association between the intraoperative diagnosis of placenta accreta at the time of cesarean hysterectomy and pathological diagnosis. Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing cesarean hysterectomy for suspected placenta accreta from 2000 to 2016 at Barnes-Jewish Hospital. The primary outcome was the presence of invasive placentation on the pathology report. We estimated predictive characteristics of clinical diagnosis of placenta accreta using pathological diagnosis as the correct diagnosis. Results There were 50 cesarean hysterectomies performed for suspected abnormal placentation from 2000 to 2016. Of these, 34 (68%) had a diagnosis of accreta preoperatively and 16 (32%) were diagnosed intraoperatively at the time of cesarean delivery. Two patients had no pathological evidence of invasion, corresponding to a false-positive rate of 4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5%, 13.8%) and a positive predictive value of 96% (95% CI: 86.3%, 99.5%). There were no differences in complications among patients diagnosed intraoperatively compared with those diagnosed preoperatively. Conclusion Most patients undergoing cesarean hysterectomy for placenta accreta do have this diagnosis confirmed on pathology. However, since the diagnosis of placenta accreta was made intraoperatively in nearly a third of cesarean hysterectomies, intraoperative vigilance is required as the need for cesarean hysterectomy may not be anticipated preoperatively

Rokhlin Dimension for Flows

This research was supported by GIF Grant 1137/2011, SFB 878 Groups, Geometry and Actions and ERC Grant No. 267079. Part of the research was conducted at the Fields institute during the 2014 thematic program on abstract harmonic analysis, Banach and operator algebras, and at the Mittag–Leffler institute during the 2016 program on Classification of Operator Algebras: Complexity, Rigidity, and Dynamics.Peer reviewedPostprin

The peripheral blood transcriptome in septic cardiomyopathy: an observational, pilot study.

BACKGROUND:Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is common in sepsis and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV GLS), measured by speckle tracking echocardiography, allows improved identification of impaired cardiac contractility. The peripheral blood transcriptome may be an important window into SCM pathophysiology. We therefore studied the peripheral blood transcriptome and LV GLS in a prospective cohort of patients with sepsis. RESULTS:In this single-center observational pilot study, we enrolled adult patients (age > 18) with sepsis within 48 h of admission to the ICU. SCM was defined as LV GLS > - 17% based on echocardiograms performed within 72 h of admission. We enrolled 27 patients, 24 of whom had high-quality RNA results; 18 (75%) of 24 had SCM. The group was 50% female and had a median (IQR) age of 59.5 (48.5-67.0) years and admission APACHE II score of 21.0 (16.0-32.3). Forty-six percent had septic shock. After filtering for low-expression and non-coding genes, 15,418 protein coding genes were expressed and 73 had significantly different expression between patients with vs. without SCM. In patients with SCM, 43 genes were upregulated and 30 were downregulated. Pathway analysis identified enrichment in type 1 interferon signaling (adjusted p < 10-5). CONCLUSIONS:In this hypothesis-generating study, SCM was associated with upregulation of genes in the type 1 interferon signaling pathway. Interferons are cytokines that stimulate the innate and adaptive immune response and are implicated in the early proinflammatory and delayed immunosuppression phases of sepsis. While type 1 interferons have not been implicated previously in SCM, interferon therapy (for viral hepatitis and Kaposi sarcoma) has been associated with reversible cardiomyopathy, perhaps suggesting a role for interferon signaling in SCM

Lung adenocarcinoma presenting as a solitary gingival metastasis: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Gingival metastases are very rare and generally occur in disseminated tumors. We report a case of solitary gingival metastasis of lung cancer.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report the case of a 74-year-old asymptomatic Caucasian woman affected by a rapidly growing, painless gingival swelling. Histopathologic examination of the excisional biopsy showed metastasis of poorly differentiated thyroid transcription factor 1-positive adenocarcinoma. A total-body computed tomographic scan revealed a tumor of the right lung lower lobe with ipsilateral, mediastinal lymph node swelling. Moreover, bone scintigraphy revealed no bone metastases. No other metastases were found, so we planned a multi-modal therapeutic approach with a curative intent. However, the tumor proved to be intrinsically resistant and highly aggressive.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The presentation of solitary gingival metastasis is exceptional. In view of its rapid clinical evolution, our case confirms that gingival metastasis is an important prognostic factor. This behavior raises the question whether the poor prognosis for patients with tumors with oral metastases depends on its diffuse spread or on its highly malignant nature.</p

Appealing avatars from 3D body scans: Perceptual effects of stylization

Advances in 3D scanning technology allow us to create realistic virtual avatars from full body 3D scan data. However, negative reactions to some realistic computer generated humans suggest that this approach might not always provide the most appealing results. Using styles derived from existing popular character designs, we present a novel automatic stylization technique for body shape and colour information based on a statistical 3D model of human bodies. We investigate whether such stylized body shapes result in increased perceived appeal with two different experiments: One focuses on body shape alone, the other investigates the additional role of surface colour and lighting. Our results consistently show that the most appealing avatar is a partially stylized one. Importantly, avatars with high stylization or no stylization at all were rated to have the least appeal. The inclusion of colour information and improvements to render quality had no significant effect on the overall perceived appeal of the avatars, and we observe that the body shape primarily drives the change in appeal ratings. For body scans with colour information, we found that a partially stylized avatar was most effective, increasing average appeal ratings by approximately 34%

Association of left ventricular longitudinal strain with central venous oxygen saturation and serum lactate in patients with early severe sepsis and septic shock

Syftet med denna studie är att synliggöra pedagogers syn på föräldrasamverkan i förskolan. Vi har även intresserat oss på samverkan mellan pedagogerna och föräldrar med annat modersmål än svenska. Vår studie grundar sig på observationer kring bemötande av föräldrar på förskolan. Vi undersökte hur pedagogerna såg på föräldrasamverkan och hur de arbetar kring samverkan med föräldrar, för att kunna få en bredare syn i vår studie om hur samverkan fungerar på de aktuella förskolorna. Som metod använde vi kvalitativ intervju då detta lämpade sig väl för oss för att vi skulle kunna få en bredare syn om hur samverkan fungerar på de aktuella förskolorna. Intervjuer ger mer exakta svar och det underlättar för oss som intervjuar att ställa följdfrågor. Resultatet visar att samverkan med föräldrar har ökat i förskolan och blivit en stor del av verksamheten. Pedagogerna försöker engagera sig mycket i arbetet med föräldrasamverkan och letar efter möjligheter för att skapa en bra kommunikation med föräldrar som har annat modersmål än svenska. Resultaten visar även att pedagogerna menar att oavsett om föräldrarna behärskar det svenska språket eller inte så anstränger de sig för att visa föräldrarna att de är viktiga i verksamheten