Derivation of the blackfold effective theory

We study fluctuations and deformations of black branes over length scales larger than the horizon radius. We prove that the Einstein equations for the perturbed p-brane yield, as constraints, the equations of the effective blackfold theory. We solve the Einstein equations for the perturbed geometry and show that it remains regular on and outside the black brane horizon. This study provides an ab initio derivation of the blackfold effective theory and gives explicit expressions for the metrics near the new black holes and black branes that result from it, to leading order in a derivative expansion.Comment: 20 pages. v4: Typo corrected in eq. (6.11) -- erratum in the published versio

Legitimating Limburgish: The reproduction of heritage

Limburgish in the Netherlands is another example of a language whose status has risen through protection under European policies of recognition. Formerly viewed as a dialect of Dutch, Diana Camps examines the discourses and practices which legitimate Limburgish as a language in its own right. Beginning with a document analysis of protection policies under the European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages, she notes the role that discourses of heritage play in the legitimation of Limburgish at international and national levels. At the local level of a language classroom, Camps draws on observation data to examine how a teacher of Limburgish legitimates himself and the language through appropriating the discourse of heritage and deploying a discourse of linguistic expertise