Effect of Enalapril on erythropoiesis recovery in murine anemia

La presencia de receptores de Angiotensina en células eritropoyéticas y estromales medulares muestra claramente un mecanismo de regulación de la eritropoyesis mediado por el Sistema Renina-Angiotensina. El objetivo fue estudiar los efectos de Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina (IECA) como Enalapril (E) sobre la respuesta eritropoyética en ratones anémicos tratados con Fenilhidrazina (FHZ), a través de estudios hematológicos e histológicos. Tanto los ratones tratados con FHZ como los tratados con E y FHZ mostraron hemólisis el día 14. Sin embargo, la recuperación del estado anémico fue el día 16 en ratones tratados con FHZ y el día 20 en ratones tratados con E y FHZ. Se observó actividad eritropoyética en el bazo (día 16) y en el riñón (día 20) de ratones tratados con E y FHZ. En ratones tratados con FHZ, se observó actividad eritropoyética en bazo y riñón el día 16. Concluimos que la inhibición de la ECA con Enalapril retarda la recuperación eritropoyética en ratones tratados con E y FHZ. La actividad eritropoyética en el bazo y riñón sugiere la participación de estos órganos en la recuperación del eritrón.The presence of Angiotensin receptors in erythropoietic bone marrow and marrow stromal cells clearly shows a mechanism for Rennin-Angiotensin System-mediated regulation of erythropoiesis. The aim was to study the effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibition (ACEI) as Enalapril(E) on erythropoietic response in anemic mice treated with Phenylhydrazine (PHZ) by means of hematological and histological studies. Both PHZ and E-PHZ-treated mice showed hemolysis on day 14. However the restoration of anemic state occurred on day 16 in PHZ-treated mice and on day 20 in E-PHZ-treated mice. Erythropoietic activity was observed in spleen (day16) and kidney (day20) of E-PHZ-treated mice. In PHZ-treated mice erythropoietic activity was seen in spleen and kidney on day 16. We conclude that Inhibition of ACE with Enalapril delays the erythropoietic recovery of hemolytic anemia in E-PHZ-treated mice. Erythropoietic activity in spleen and kidney suggest an involvement of these organs in the erythron recovery.Este trabajo fue subsidiado por la Secretaría General de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Universidad Nacional del Sur (Grant 24/B116) y por la Agencia de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (FONCYT) (Grant-908). Tania Veuthey y María Cecilia D ́Anna son becarias doctorales del Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnica (CONICET)

Where No Man Has Gone Before: A Critical Roadmap for the Use of Drones in Targeted Killing

In the ongoing War on Terror, the Obama Administration has relied heavily on a new form of military technology: the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, more popularly known as the drone. While the program has remained largely a covert operation, gradually more information about its effects, especially concerning civilian casualties, has begun to come to light. As a result of allegations over their allegedly indiscriminate use in Yemen and Pakistan, countries the U.S. is not at war with, a few questions arise. When do drones stop becoming a military precision tool for taking out Al-Qaeda senior command and move into a field of unchecked and rapidly proliferating military assassinations of terrorists and civilians alike? Have they crossed that line, and if so, are the actions of the United States legal under international law? In examining these key thoughts, the effectiveness and ultimately, alternatives to the Drone Doctrine must also be judged. This report finds that the drone program has become counterproductive and should be stopped. The indiscriminate killings of civilians are in violation of International Human Rights Laws and have caused an environment where to continue drone strikes will only result in a permanently damaged relationship with the people of Yemen and Pakistan. The only way to carry out a successful drone program is to have it in the open, overseen by the international community. Even when that happens, drones are not a complete counterterrorism strategy. Other methods for building infrastructure and state empowerment must be used in conjunction with drones to stop terrorism and violence at their roots

Empoderamiento de mujeres latinoamericanas a través de prácticas ecofeministas

This paper looks at the effect on women in developing countries that recent protagonism in fighting against capitalist companies is having. An increasing number of corporations are seeking to exploit the natural resources that these women and their rural communities depend on. By presenting a few scenarios of their struggle I will try to show that, the loss of status and power and that these women are suffering due to these processes are, at the same time, a starting point to build new ways of empowering them, making them visible and their voices been heard.Este artículo reflexiona sobre los efectos que está provocando, en las mujeres del Sur, el creciente protagonismo adquirido en las luchas contra empresas capitalistas. Estas empresas tratan de explotar y controlar los recursos naturales de los que dependen ellas y sus comunidades campesinas. A través de la exposición de varios escenarios de lucha pretendo mostrar cómo, la pérdida de estatus y poder que sufren las mujeres provocada por la irrupción de estas empresas, parece estar siendo un punto de partida para construir nuevas formas de empoderamiento, ser visibilizadas y hacer oír sus voces

Failure of the surgical treatment in 115 infected hip arthroplasties-­analysis of a 12-­year prosthetic joint cohort study (1999-­2010)

Background:¦Infection after total or partial hip arthroplasty (HA) leads to significant long-­term morbidity and high healthcare cost. We evaluated reasons for treatment failure of different surgical modalities in a 12-­year prosthetic hip joint infection cohort study.¦Method:¦All patients hospitalized at our institution with infected HA were included either retrospectively (1999-­‐2007) or prospectively¦(2008-­‐2010). HA infection was defined as growth of the same microorganism in ≥2 tissues or synovialfluid culture, visible purulence, sinus tract or acute inflammation on tissue histopathology. Outcome analysis was performed at outpatient visits, followed by contacting patients, their relatives and/or treating physicians afterwards.¦Results:¦During the study period, 117 patients with infected HA were identified. We excluded 2 patients due to missing data. The average age was 69 years (range, 33-­‐102 years); 42% were female. HA was mainly performed for osteoarthritis (n=84), followed by trauma (n=22), necrosis (n=4), dysplasia(n=2), rheumatoid arthritis (n=1), osteosarcoma (n=1) and tuberculosis (n=1). 28 infections occurred early(≤3 months), 25 delayed (3-­‐24 months) and 63 late (≥24 months after surgery). Infected HA were¦treated with (i) two-­‐stage exchange in 59 patients (51%, cure rate: 93%), (ii) one-­‐stage exchange in 5 (4.3%, cure rate: 100%), (iii) debridement with change of mobile parts in 18 (17%, cure rate: 83%), (iv) debridement without change of mobile¦parts in 17 (14%, cure rate : 53% ), (v) Girdlestone in 13 (11%, cure rate: 100%), and (vi) two-­‐stage exchange followed by¦removal in 3 (2.6%). Patients were followed for an average of 3.9 years (range, 0.1 to 9 years), 7 patients died unrelated to the infected HA. 15 patients (13%) needed additional operations, 1 for mechanical reasons(dislocation of spacer) and 14 for persistent infection: 11 treated with debridement and retention (8 without change; and 3 with change of mobile parts) and 3 with two-­‐stage exchange. The average number of surgery was 2.2 (range, 1 to 5). The infection was finally eradicated in all patients, but the functional outcome remained unsatisfactory in 20% (persistent pain or impaired mobility due to spacer or Girdlestone situation).¦Conclusions:¦Non-­‐respect of current treatment concept leads to treatment failure with subsequent operations. Precise analysis of each treatment failure can be used for improving the treatment algorithm leading to better results

SLC54 Mitochondrial pyruvate carriers (version 2020.5) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database

Pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl‐CoA by pyruvate dehydrogenase which is localized in the mitochondrial matrix. The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) is a hetero-oligomer composed of SLC54 family members (MPC1 and MPC2). The MPC is expressed in the inner mitochondrial membrane and involved in the import of pyruvate into mitochondria [1, 5]. Ubiquitous disruption of either MPC1 or MPC2 expression results in embryonic lethality [7, 8]. Clinically relevant concentrations of the insulin sensitizers, thiazolidinediones, specifically inhibit the MPC [3]

Effect of Enalapril on erythropoiesis recovery in murine anemia

La presencia de receptores de Angiotensina en células eritropoyéticas y estromales medulares muestra claramenteun mecanismo de regulación de la eritropoyesis mediado por el Sistema Renina-Angiotensina. El objetivo fueestudiar los efectos de Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina (IECA) como Enalapril (E) sobrela respuesta eritropoyética en ratones anémicos tratados con Fenilhidrazina (FHZ), a través de estudios hematológicose histológicos. Tanto los ratones tratados con FHZ como los tratados con E y FHZ mostraron hemólisis eldía 14. Sin embargo, la recuperación del estado anémico fue el día 16 en ratones tratados con FHZ y el día 20 enratones tratados con E y FHZ. Se observó actividad eritropoyética en el bazo (día 16) y en el riñón (día 20) deratones tratados con E y FHZ. En ratones tratados con FHZ, se observó actividad eritropoyética en bazo y riñónel día 16. Concluimos que la inhibición de la ECA con Enalapril retarda la recuperación eritropoyética en ratonestratados con E y FHZ. La actividad eritropoyética en el bazo y riñón sugiere la participación de estos órganos enla recuperación del eritrón.The presence of Angiotensin receptors in erythropoietic bone marrow and marrow stromal cells clearly shows a mechanism forRennin-Angiotensin System-mediated regulation of erythropoiesis. The aim was to study the effects of Angiotensin-ConvertingEnzyme inhibition (ACEI) as Enalapril(E) on erythropoietic response in anemic mice treated with Phenylhydrazine (PHZ) bymeans of hematological and histological studies. Both PHZ and E-PHZ-treated mice showed hemolysis on day 14. Howeverthe restoration of anemic state occurred on day 16 in PHZ-treated mice and on day 20 in E-PHZ-treated mice. Erythropoieticactivity was observed in spleen (day16) and kidney (day20) of E-PHZ-treated mice. In PHZ-treated mice erythropoietic activitywas seen in spleen and kidney on day 16. We conclude that Inhibition of ACE with Enalapril delays the erythropoietic recoveryof hemolytic anemia in E-PHZ-treated mice. Erythropoietic activity in spleen and kidney suggest an involvement of theseorgans in the erythron recovery