Recovering from destruction: the conservation, reintegration and perceptual analysis of a flood-damaged painting by John Martin

This paper describes treatment issues surrounding John Martin’s epic Destruction of Pompeii and Herculaneum (1821). The painting experienced such extensive structural damage following the 1928 Thames flood that it was considered destroyed. Despite major water damage affecting all layers of the painting and the loss of approximately one-fifth of the canvas, recent examination revealed the work to be in restorable condition. However, the extreme nature of the damages necessitates special ethical and technical considerations with regard to treatment, especially for the reintegration of the large missing portion. A consideration of viewer perception of the digitally simulated options for reintegration and their influence on viewer gaze behaviour, monitored via novel eye-tracking methods, was used to inform the treatment process

A Multi-Wavelength Study of Sgr A*: The Role of Near-IR Flares in Production of X-ray, Soft γ\gamma-ray and Sub-millimeter Emission

(abridged) We describe highlights of the results of two observing campaigns in 2004 to investigate the correlation of flare activity in Sgr A* in different wavelength regimes, using a total of nine ground and space-based telescopes. We report the detection of several new near-IR flares during the campaign based on {\it HST} observations. The level of near-IR flare activity can be as low as $\sim0.15$ mJy at 1.6 $\mu$m and continuous up to about 40% of the total observing time. Using the NICMOS instrument on the {\it HST}, the {\it XMM-Newton} and CSO observatories, we also detect simultaneous bright X-ray and near-IR flare in which we observe for the first time correlated substructures as well as simultaneous submillimeter and near-IR flaring. X-ray emission is arising from the population of near-IR-synchrotron-emitting relativistic particles which scatter submillimeter seed photons within the inner 10 Schwarzschild radii of Sgr A* up to X-ray energies. In addition, using the inverse Compton scattering picture, we explain the high energy 20-120 keV emission from the direction toward Sgr A*, and the lack of one-to-one X-ray counterparts to near-IR flares, by the variation of the magnetic field and the spectral index distributions of this population of nonthermal particles. In this picture, the evidence for the variability of submillimeter emission during a near-IR flare is produced by the low-energy component of the population of particles emitting synchrotron near-IR emission. Based on the measurements of the duration of flares in near-IR and submillimeter wavelengths, we argue that the cooling could be due to adiabatic expansion with the implication that flare activity may drive an outflow.Comment: 48 pages, 12 figures, ApJ (in press

Florida Public Health Association 2009 Survey of Academic Public Health Programs in Florida

Preparing the public health workforce is essential to the protection ofthe health and wellbeing ofthe state and the nation. Yet, a workforce shortage is looming. It is anticipated that by 2020, the nation will be facing a shortfall ofmore than a quarter of a million public health workers. To address this impeding shortage, the Association ofSchools ofPublic Health (ASPH) has stressed the need to build public health education capacity, with emphasis on competencies and curriculum in emerging diseases, with joint degrees, and with diverse approaches to education, including certificates and distance learning. To assess Florida’s available public health professional preparation programs in meeting workforce needs, the Academic Committee ofthe Florida Public Health Association (FPHA) undertook a survey of the nine public and private universities offering the MPH degree in the state

Exercise Capacity in Children and Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Congenital heart disease (CHD) entails structural defects in the morphogenesis of the heart or its main vessels. Analyzing exercise capacity of children and adolescents with CHD is important to improve their functional condition and quality of life, since it can allow timely intervention on poor prognostic factors associated with higher risk of morbidity and mortality.To describe exercise capacity in children and adolescents with CHD compared with healthy controls.A systematic review was carried out. Randomized clinical trials and observational studies were included assessing exercise capacity through direct and indirect methods in children and adolescents between 5 and 17 years-old. A sensitive analysis was performed including studies with CHD repaired participants. Additionally, it was sub-analyzed by age range (< and ? 12 years old). Two independent reviewers analyzed the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of the evidence.5619 articles were found and 21 were considered for the review. Eighteen articles used the direct exercise capacity measurement method by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). The CHD group showed significant differences in peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) with a value of -7.9 ml/Kg/min (95% CI: -9.9, -5.9, p = 0.00001), maximum workload (Wmax) -41.5 (95% CI: -57.9, -25.1 watts, p = 0.00001), ventilatory equivalent (VE/VCO2 ) slope 2.6 (95% CI: 0.3, 4.8), oxygen pulse (O2 pulse)-2.4 ml/beat (95% CI: -3.7, -1.1, p = 0.0003), and maximum heart rate (HRmax) -15 bpm (95% CI: -18, -12 bpm, p = 0.00001), compared with healthy controls. Adolescents (? 12 yrs) with CHD had a greater reduction in VO2peak (-10.0 ml/Kg/min (95% CI: -12.0, -5.3), p < 0.00001), Wmax (-45.5 watts (95% CI: -54.4, -36.7), p < 0.00001) and HRmax (-21 bpm (95% CI: -28, -14), p<0.00001).Suffering CHD in childhood and adolescence is associated with lower exercise capacity as shown by worse VO2peak, Wmax, VE/VCO2 slope, O2 pulse, and HRmax compared with matched healthy controls. The reduction in exercise capacity was greater in adolescents.www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=208963, identifier: CRD42020208963.Copyright © 2022 Villaseca-Rojas, Varela-Melo, Torres-Castro, Vasconcello-Castillo, Mazzucco, Vilaró and Blanco

The Resolved Narrow Line Region in NGC4151

We present slitless spectra of the Narrow Line Region (NLR) in NGC4151 from the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on HST, and investigate the kinematics and physical conditions of the emission line clouds in this region. Using medium resolution (~0.5 Angstrom) slitless spectra at two roll angles and narrow band undispersed images, we have mapped the NLR velocity field from 1.2 kpc to within 13 pc (H_o=75 km/s/Mpc) of the nucleus. The inner biconical cloud distribution exhibits recessional velocities relative to the nucleus to the NE and approaching velocities to the SW of the nucleus. We find evidence for at least two kinematic components in the NLR. One kinematic component is characterized by Low Velocities and Low Velocity Dispersions (LVLVD clouds: |v| < 400 km/s, and Delta_v < 130 km/s). This population extends through the NLR and their observed kinematics may be gravitationally associated with the host galaxy. Another component is characterized by High Velocities and High Velocity Dispersions (HVHVD clouds: 400 130 km/s). This set of clouds is located within 1.1 arcsec (~70pc) of the nucleus and has radial velocities which are too high to be gravitational in origin, but show no strong correlation between velocity or velocity dispersion and the position of the radio knots. Outflow scenarios will be discussed as the driving mechanism for these HVHVD clouds.Comment: 38 pages, 14 figures, accepted by ApJ. For higher resolution images see http://www.pha.jhu.edu/~kaiser

Health Behaviors of Student Community Research Partners When Designing and Implementing a Healthy Lifestyle Intervention on College Campuses

Few studies work with college students as equal partners in all aspects of Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) and even less evaluate behaviors of those college partners. The current study aimed to examine health behaviors of students by designing and implementing a peer-led, social marketing campaign (Get Fruved) to promote healthier lifestyles on their campuses. Enrolled students (n = 376) were trained to either design and implement a health promotion intervention (Social Marketing and Environmental Interventionists; SMEI, n = 78), be peer mentors (PM; n = 205), or serve as control participants (n = 93). Students’ behaviors (dietary, activity, and stress) and anthropometrics were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The population was predominately Caucasian, female, and between 19 and 20 years old. On average, fruit and vegetable consumption slightly decreased across all time points for each group with control at a larger decline. Students International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) scores showed students met recommended amounts of activity throughout the intervention, with males reporting higher activity levels. Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) analyses indicated 19 year olds had higher stress along with females had higher than males. Students involved in a CBPR approach to be trained, design, and implement a lifestyle intervention can achieve maintenance of health behaviors throughout a college year when compared to control students

Health Behaviors of Student Community Research Partners When Designing and Implementing a Healthy Lifestyle Intervention on College Campuses.

Few studies work with college students as equal partners in all aspects of Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) and even less evaluate behaviors of those college partners. The current study aimed to examine health behaviors of students by designing and implementing a peer-led, social marketing campaign (Get Fruved) to promote healthier lifestyles on their campuses. Enrolled students (n = 376) were trained to either design and implement a health promotion intervention (Social Marketing and Environmental Interventionists; SMEI, n = 78), be peer mentors (PM; n = 205), or serve as control participants (n = 93). Students\u27 behaviors (dietary, activity, and stress) and anthropometrics were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The population was predominately Caucasian, female, and between 19 and 20 years old. On average, fruit and vegetable consumption slightly decreased across all time points for each group with control at a larger decline. Students International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) scores showed students met recommended amounts of activity throughout the intervention, with males reporting higher activity levels. Cohen\u27s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) analyses indicated 19 year olds had higher stress along with females had higher than males. Students involved in a CBPR approach to be trained, design, and implement a lifestyle intervention can achieve maintenance of health behaviors throughout a college year when compared to control students

HST FOC spectroscopy of the NLR of NGC 4151. I. Gas kinematics

We present the results from a detailed kinematic analysis of both ground-based, and Hubble Space Telescope/Faint Object Camera long-slit spectroscopy at sub-arcsec spatial resolution, of the narrow-line region of NGC 4151. In agreement with previous work, the extended emission gas (R > 4") is found to be in normal rotation in the galactic plane, a behaviour that we were able to trace even across the nuclear region, where the gas is strongly disturbed by the interaction with the radio jet, and connects smoothly with the large scale rotation defined by the neutral gas emission. The HST data, at 0.029" spatial resolution, allow us for the first time to truly isolate the kinematic behaviour of the individual clouds in the inner narrow-line region. We find that, underlying the perturbations introduced by the radio ejecta, the general velocity field can still be well represented by planar rotation down to a radius of ~ 0.5" (30 pc), distance at which the rotation curve has its turnover. The most striking result that emerges from our analysis is that the galaxy potential derived fitting the rotation curve changes from a "dark halo" at the ENLR distances to dominated by the central mass concentration in the NLR, with an almost Keplerian fall-off in the 1"< R < 4" interval. The observed velocity of the gas at 0.5" implies a mass of M ~ 10E9 M(sol) within the inner 60 pc. The presence of a turnover in the rotation curve indicates that this central mass concentration is extended. The first measured velocity point (outside the region saturated by the nucleus) would imply an enclosed mass of ~ 5E7 M(sol) within R ~ 0.15" (10 pc) which represents an upper limit to any nuclear point mass.Comment: 30 pages (aaspp4.sty), 14 figures. Fig. 1, 2 and 4 available by anonymous FTP at 143.54.2.51 (cd /pub/winge) as GIF files; or upon request to [email protected]. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (part 1

Dense Molecular Gas Associated with the Circumnuclear Star Forming Ring in the Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 6951

We present high resolution (3" - 5") observations of CO(1-0) and HCN(1-0) emission from the circumnuclear star forming ring in the barred spiral galaxy NGC 6951, a host of a type-2 Seyfert, using the Nobeyama Millimeter Array and 45 m telescope. We find that most of the HCN emission is associated with the circumnuclear ring, where vigorous star formation occurs. The HCN to CO integrated intensity ratio is also enhanced in the star forming ring; the peak value of HCN/CO ratio is 0.18, which is comparable to the ratio in the starbursts NGC 253 and M82. The formation mechanism of dense molecular gas has been investigated. We find that the shocks along the orbit crowding do not promote the formation of the dense molecular gas effectively but enhance the presence of low density GMCs. Instead, gravitational instabilities of the gas can account for the dense molecular gas formation. The HCN/CO ratio toward the Seyfert nucleus of NGC 6951 is a rather normal value (0.086), in contrast with other Seyferts NGC 1068 and M51 where extremely high HCN/CO value of ~ 0.5 have been reported.Comment: 33 pages, 17 figures, to appear in the Astrophysical Journa