Evaluation of detection methods for Virus, Viroids and Phytoplasmas affecting pear and apple

The RT-PCR technique for the detection of apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), apple mosaic virus (ApMV) and pear blister canker viroid (PBCV) was evaluated for health control of fruit plants from nurseries. The technique was evaluated in purified RNA and crude extracts and also in phloem collected in autumn and from young spring shoots. The results obtained for phytoplasma detection with ribosomal and non-ribosomal primers are also presented. Keywords: Detection, fruit virus, viroids, phytoplasm

Modelos no lineales de previsión para series temporales de interés farmacéutico. Aplicación al caso de la escarlatina

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos tras el ajuste de un modelo no lineal y un modelo robusto de predicción a la serie temporal correspondiente a la incidencia de la escarlatina en Catalunya desde el año 2000 hasta mediados del 2005, según los datos publicados en el Butlletí Epidemiològic de Catalunya (BEC) por el Departament de Salut de la Generalitat de Catalunya.El ajuste se ha realizado tanto por mínimos cuadrados como mediante el método de la mínima mediana de residuales. Los intervalos de confianza, dada la no normalidad de las residuales, se han estimado mediante la técnica del bootstrap. El modelo se ha validado comparando las predicciones realizadas para las últimas 47 semanas frente a los casos declarados en el BEC. Salvo episodios de incidencia aguda, las previsiones resultan aceptables.El modelo sinusoidal ajustado muestra una tendenciacon un periodo de 52 semanas, una incidencia máximahacia la segunda quincena de marzo y una mínima incidenciasobre la segunda quincena de septiembre. Lospuntos de inflexión se sitúan, aproximadamente, coincidiendocon los solsticios de verano e invierno

Evaluation of susceptibility of pear and plum varieties and rootstocks to Ca. P. pyri and Ca. P. prunorum using Real-Time PCR

Real-time PCR was used to quantify phytoplasma concentration in fifty inoculated trees from five Prunus rootstocks and in forty-eight symptomatic pear and Japanese plum trees from orchards. Seasonal fluctuation of Ca. P. prunorum in different Prunus rootstocks, over three years, showed that the highest percentage detected by nested-PCR was in the ‘Garnem’ rootstock on nearly all sampling dates. Intra-varietal differences were also observed. Phytoplasma titer could be estimated by real time PCR in some trees of the rootstocks ‘Garnem’, ‘Barrier’, ‘GF-677’ and ‘Marianna’, and ranged from 4.7x105 to 3.18x109 phytoplasmas per gram of tissue. Quantification by real-time PCR was not possible in the ‘Cadaman’ trees analyzed, probably due to a lower phytoplasma titer in this variety. Samples from infected trees from commercial plots had different phytoplasma concentration and detection percentage depending on the variety, both being lower in ‘Fortune’ and ‘606’ Japanese plum and in ‘Blanquilla’ pear trees.Keywords: Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri, Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum, real time PCR, detectio

Characterization of the amyloid bacterial inclusion bodies of the HET-s fungal prion

The formation of amyloid aggregates is related to the onset of a number of human diseases. Recent studies provide compelling evidence for the existence of related fibrillar structures in bacterial inclusion bodies (IBs). Bacteria might thus provide a biologically relevant and tuneable system to study amyloid aggregation and how to interfere with it. Particularly suited for such studies are protein models for which structural information is available in both IBs and amyloid states. The only high-resolution structure of an infectious amyloid state reported to date is that of the HET-s prion forming domain (PFD). Importantly, recent solid-state NMR data indicates that the structure of HET-s PFD in IBs closely resembles that of the infectious fibrils. Here we present an exhaustive conformational characterization of HET-s IBs in order to establish the aggregation of this prion in bacteria as a consistent cellular model in which the effect of autologous or heterologous protein quality machineries and/or anti-aggregational and anti-prionic drugs can be further studied

Influence of chemical speciation on the separation of metal ions from chelating agents by nanofiltration membranes

The simultaneous separation of various metal ions (nickel, copper, calcium, and iron) from chelating agents (EDTA and citric acid) in water streams using Nanofiltration membranes is analyzed. Assuming that multiply-charged species are highly rejected, chemical speciation computations reproduce the observed patterns of metal and ligand rejection at different pH values and concentrations. The separation of metal ions from citric acid is achieved in acidic conditions, where multiply-charged free metal ions and neutral or singly charged free chelating species are abundant. Overall, speciation studies help to evaluate the applicability of Nanofiltration for recycling chelating agents used for metal extraction

Endocistectomía como tratamiento quirúrgico de elección en hidatidosis muscular primaria: caso clínico

Se presenta el caso clínico de una hidatidosis muscular primaria localizada a nivel del vasto externo del cuádriceps, describiéndose los hallazgos clínicos, analíticos y de estudios de imagen característicos. Y a propósito del mismo se describe y defiende el tratamiento mediante endocistectomía y albendazol, que permite mantener la funcionalidad completa del músculo. A los dos años de evolución la paciente se encuentra asintomática.We report a case of primary hydatíd disease. It ¡s located in the vastus lateralís of the quadriceps. We describe the clinical, serological and radiological features of this dísease. And then we argüe for the use of the surgical endocystectomy and albendazol as the best treatment; thinking that this allows to sustain the complete function of the muscle. Two years later, the patient is asymptomatic