691 research outputs found
Partial wave treatment of Supersymmetric Dark Matter in the presence of CP - violation
We present an improved partial wave analysis of the dominant LSP annihilation
channel to a fermion-antifermion pair which avoids the non-relativistic
expansion being therefore applicable near thresholds and poles. The method we
develop allows of contributions of any partial wave in the total angular
momentum J in contrast to partial wave analyses in terms of the orbital angular
momentum L of the initial state, which is usually truncated to p-waves, and
yields very accurate results. The method is formulated in such a way as to
allow easy handling of CP-violating phases residing in supersymmetric
parameters. We apply this refined partial wave technique in order to calculate
the neutralino relic density in the constrained MSSM (CMSSM) in the presence of
CP-violating terms occurring in the Higgs - mixing parameter \mu and trilinear
A coupling for large tanb. The inclusion of CP-violating phases in mu and A
does not upset significantly the picture and the annihilation of the LSP's to a
b b_bar, through Higgs exchange, is still the dominant mechanism in obtaining
cosmologically acceptable neutralino relic densities in regions far from the
stau-coannihilation and the `focus point'. Significant changes can occur if we
allow for phases in the gaugino masses and in particular the gluino mass.Comment: 23 pages LaTeX, 10 eps figures, version to appear in PR
Inflating Intersecting Branes and Remarks on the Hierarchy Problem
We generalize solutions of Einstein's equations for intersecting branes in
higher dimensional spacetimes to the nonstatic case, modeling an expanding
universe. The relation between the Hubble rate, the brane tensions, and the
bulk cosmological constant is similar to the case of a single 3-brane in a
5-dimensional spacetime. However, because the bulk inflates as well as the
branes, this class of solutions suffers from Newton's constant tending toward
zero on the TeV brane, where the Randall-Sundrum mechanism should solve the
weak scale hierarchy problem. The strength of gravity remains constant on the
Planck brane, however.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX. v2:Misprint in eq. (23) corrected; citations fixed
and clarified relationship of our work to hep-th/9909053 and hep-th/9909076
v3: final version to appear in PLB. Corrected discussion of the time
dependance of the 4-D Planck mass on the TeV brane. Some references added to
earlier works on warped Kaluza-Klein compactification
Higgs bosons near 125 GeV in the NMSSM with constraints at the GUT scale
We study the NMSSM with universal Susy breaking terms (besides the Higgs
sector) at the GUT scale. Within this constrained parameter space, it is not
difficult to find a Higgs boson with a mass of about 125 GeV and an enhanced
cross section in the diphoton channel. An additional lighter Higgs boson with
reduced couplings and a mass <123 GeV is potentially observable at the LHC. The
NMSSM-specific Yukawa couplings lambda and kappa are relatively large and
tan(beta) is small, such that lambda, kappa and the top Yukawa coupling are of
order 1 at the GUT scale. The lightest stop can be as light as 105 GeV, and the
fine-tuning is modest. WMAP constraints can be satisfied by a dominantly
higgsino-like LSP with substantial bino, wino and singlino admixtures and a
mass of ~60-90 GeV, which would potentially be detectable by XENON100.Comment: 20 pages, 14 figure
Kuiper Belt Object Occultations: Expected Rates, False Positives, and Survey Design
A novel method of generating artificial scintillation noise is developed and
used to evaluate occultation rates and false positive rates for surveys probing
the Kuiper Belt with the method of serendipitous stellar occultations. A
thorough examination of survey design shows that: (1) diffraction-dominated
occultations are critically (Nyquist) sampled at a rate of 2 Fsu^{-1},
corresponding to 40 s^{-1} for objects at 40 AU, (2) occultation detection
rates are maximized when targets are observed at solar opposition, (3) Main
Belt Asteroids will produce occultations lightcurves identical to those of
Kuiper Belt Objects if target stars are observed at solar elongations of: 116
deg < epsilon < 125 deg, or 131 deg < epsilon < 141 deg, and (4) genuine KBO
occultations are likely to be so rare that a detection threshold of >7-8 sigma
should be adopted to ensure that viable candidate events can be disentangled
from false positives.Comment: Accepted AJ, 12 pages, 12 figure
Exact Cross Sections for the Neutralino WIMP Pair-Annihilation
We derive a full set of exact, analytic expressions for the annihilation of
the lightest neutralino pairs into all two-body tree-level final states in the
framework of minimal supersymmetry. We make no simplifying assumptions about
the neutralino nor about sfermion masses and mixings other than the absence of
explicit CP--violating terms. The expressions should be particularly useful in
computing the neutralino WIMP relic abundance without the usual approximation
of partial wave expansion.Comment: LaTeX, 46 pages, no figures. Several minor typographical errors
correcte
Spectrum from the warped compactifications with the de Sitter universe
We discuss the spectrum of the tensor metric perturbations and the stability
of warped compactifications with the de Sitter spacetime in the
higher-dimensional gravity. The spacetime structure is given in terms of the
warped product of the non-compact direction, the spherical internal dimensions
and the four-dimensional de Sitter spacetime. To realize a finite bulk volume,
we construct the brane world model, using the cut-copy-paste method. Then, we
compactify the spherical directions on the brane. In any case, we show the
existence of the massless zero mode and the mass gap of it with massive
Kaluza-Klein modes. Although the brane involves the spherical dimensions, no
light massive mode is excited. We also investigate the scalar perturbations,
and show that the model is unstable due to the existence of a tachyonic bound
state, which seems to have the universal negative mass square, irrespective of
the number of spacetime dimensions.Comment: Journal version (JHEP
The Suppression of Neutralino Annihilation into Zh
The Indirect Detection of neutralino Dark Matter is most promising through
annihilation channels producing a hard energy spectrum for the detected
particles, such as the neutralino annihilation into . A cancellation
however makes this particular annihilation channel generically subdominant in
the huge parameter space of supersymmetric models. This cancellation requires
non-trivial relations between neutralino mixings and masses, which we derive
from gauge independence and unitarity of the MSSM. To show how the cancellation
overshoots leaving only a subdominant result, we use a perturbative expansion
in powers of the electroweak/supersymmetry breaking ratio .Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures 10 pages, 5 figure
Relic Neutralino Densities and Detection Rates with Nonuniversal Gaugino Masses
We extend previous analyses on the interplay between nonuniversalities in the
gaugino mass sector and the thermal relic densities of LSP neutralinos, in
particular to the case of moderate to large tan beta. We introduce a set of
parameters that generalizes the standard unified scenario to cover the complete
allowed parameter space in the gaugino mass sector. We discuss the physical
significance of the cosmologically preferred degree of degeneracy between
charginos and the LSP and study the effect this degree of degeneracy has on the
prospects for direct detection of relic neutralinos in the next round of dark
matter detection experiments. Lastly, we compare the fine tuning required to
achieve a satisfactory relic density with the case of universal gaugino masses,
as in minimal supergravity, and find it to be of a similar magnitude. The
sensitivity of quantifiable measures of fine-tuning on such factors as the
gluino mass and top and bottom masses is also examined.Comment: Uses RevTeX; 14 pages, 16 figure
Probe Brane Dynamics and the Cosmological Constant
Recently a brane world perspective on the cosmological constant and the
hierarchy problems was presented. Here, we elaborate on some aspects of that
particular scenario and discuss the stability of the stationary brane solution
and the dynamics of a probe brane. Even though the brane is unstable under a
small perturbation from its stationary position, such instability is harmless
when the 4-D cosmological constant is very small, as is the case of our
universe. One may also introduce radion stabilizing potentials in a more
realistic scenario.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, REVTE
WMAP Data and Recent Developments in Supersymmetric Dark Matter
A brief review is given of the recent developments in the analyses of
supersymmetric dark matter. Chief among these is the very accurate
determination of the amount of cold dark matter in the universe from analyses
using WMAP data. The implications of this data for the mSUGRA parameter space
are analyzed. It is shown that the data admits solutions on the hyperbolic
branch (HB) of the radiative breaking of the electroweak symmetry. A part of
the hyperbolic branch lies in the so called inversion region where the LSP
neutralino becomes essentially a pure Higgsino and degenerate with
the next to the lightest neutralino and the light chargino
. Thus some of the conventional signals for the observation of
supersymmetry at colliders (e.g., the missing energy signals) do not operate in
this region. On the other hand the inversion region contains a high degree of
degeneracy of , , leading to coannihilations
which allow for the satisfaction of the WMAP relic density constraints deep on
the hyperbolic branch. Further, an analysis of the neutralino-proton cross
sections in this region reveals that this region can still be accessible to
dark matter experiments in the future. Constraints from and from
are discussed. Future prospects are also discussed.Comment: 15 pages Latex. Invited talk at the IV International Conference on
Non-accelerator New Physics (NANP'03), Dubna, Russia, June 23-28, 200
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