Die Standardisierung des Marketing im internationalen E-Commerce

Die Standardisierung des Marketing ist seit den 1960er Jahren eine Schlüsselfrage bei der Internationalisierung von Unternehmen, zu der in den letzten Jahrzehnten zahlreiche Beiträge veröffentlicht worden sind. Allerdings fehlt es bisher an Studien, die dieser Frage im Rahmen des internationalen E-Commerce nachgehen. Die Autoren zeigen im vorliegenden Beitrag empirisch, dass die einzelnen Marketing-Instrumente und -Prozesse im internationalen B2C-E-Commerce in einem unterschiedlich hohen Maße standardisiert werden. Ferner wird mittels einer Kausalanalyse nachgewiesen, dass sich die Standardisierung des Marketing positiv auf den Unternehmenserfolg im internationalen E-Commerce auswirkt

Internal Marketing Orientation: an empirical research in hotel sector

The study has three aims. First, to measure internal market orientation second, to analyze the relation-ships between IMO and two organizational consequences: job satisfaction and commitment; and third,to incorporate a new sub-dimension work/family balance. Empirical research has been done in a sampleof Spanish hotels. Results show that IMO is a strategic determinant of both job satisfaction and employeecommitment

Trans-specialization understanding in international technology alliances: The influence of cultural distance

In the information age, the firm's performance hinges on combining partners' specialist knowledge to achieve value co-creation. Combining knowledge from different specialties could be a costly process in the international technology alliances (ITAs) context. We argue that the combination of different specializations requires the development of "trans-specialization understanding" (TSU) instead of the internalization of partners' specialist knowledge. This article examines the extent to which inter-firm governance in ITAs shapes TSU, and whether the development of TSU is endangered by cultural distance. We hypothesize that relational governance, product modularity, and cultural distance influence TSU development, which in turn influences firm performance. We collected data from 110 non-equity ITAs between software and hardware firms participating in the mobile device sector. We analyzed the data using partial least squares path modeling. Our findings suggest that TSU largely depends on product modularity and relational governance in alliances. However, while cultural distance negatively moderates the path from relational governance to TSU, it has no effect on the relationship between product modularity and TSU. Based on this, we conclude that product modularity can substitute for relational governance when strong relational norms are not well-developed in international alliances. Thus cultural distance does not invariably amount to a liability in ITAs