Finite-momentum Bose-Einstein condensates in shaken 2D square optical lattices

We consider ultracold bosons in a 2D square optical lattice described by the Bose-Hubbard model. In addition, an external time-dependent sinusoidal force is applied to the system, which shakes the lattice along one of the diagonals. The effect of the shaking is to renormalize the nearest-neighbor hopping coefficients, which can be arbitrarily reduced, can vanish, or can even change sign, depending on the shaking parameter. It is therefore necessary to account for higher-order hopping terms, which are renormalized differently by the shaking, and introduce anisotropy into the problem. We show that the competition between these different hopping terms leads to finite-momentum condensates, with a momentum that may be tuned via the strength of the shaking. We calculate the boundaries between the Mott-insulator and the different superfluid phases, and present the time-of-flight images expected to be observed experimentally. Our results open up new possibilities for the realization of bosonic analogs of the FFLO phase describing inhomogeneous superconductivity.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure

Hubungan Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Komunikasi Terhadap Kinerja PT. Bank Mandiri Cabang Mampang Prapatan

Dalam menjaga kestabilan kerja dalam menjalankan sebuah perusahaan. Jadi, pemimpin dalam sebuah perusahaan harus mengetahui apa fungsi dan tugasnya di dalam menjalankan perusahaan agar perusahaan yang dipimpin bisa berkembang , peran pemimpin bisa mempengaruhi moral , kepuasan kerja, kualitas kerja, dan terutama tingkat prestasi suatu organisasi. Karena beberapa waktu belakangan ini ada fenomena penurunan kinerja karyawan di beberapa perusahaan dan sering nya terjadi turnover di perusahaan oleh sebab itu keberhasilan perusahaan dalam mencapai tujuan yang ingin diraih bergantung kepada pemimpin, apakah seorang pemimpin dapat menggerakan semua sumberdaya manusia, sumberdaya alam, sarana, dana, dan waktu yang ada secara efektif dan efisien dalam menjalankan proses manajemen Oleh karena itu komunikasi dapat menjadi instrumen keunggulan kompetitif yang utama, yaitu bila komunikasi membantu dalam kelancaran berjalannya strategi organisasi .Jika karyawan memiliki komunikasi yang baik di tempat kerjanya, dia tidak lagi memperlakukan tempat kerjanya sebagai tempat mencari rejeki semata. Karyawan akan memperlakukan tempat kerjanya seperti rumah atau keluarga yang turut dia miliki dan dia merasa turut bertanggungjawab untuk membawa perusahaan tersebut berkembang.penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, yaitu pendekatan menggunakan analisis data yang berbentuk numerik atau angka, dengan cara survey yaitu penelitian yang mengambil sejumlah sampel dari populasi dengan menyebarkan kuisioner sebagai alat pengumpulan data yang pokok. yang dimasukan untuk memperoleh data yang objektif faktor variabel yaitu gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dan komunikasi yang mempengaruhi kinerja, untuk memperkuat kebenaran data yang diperoleh dari lapangan.Variabel Kepemimpinan Transformasional (X1) memiliki hubungan atau korelasi secara signifikan bernilai positif terhadap kinerja karyawan (Y) sebesar 0,883. Hal tersebut terdapat pada tingkat signifikansi kepemimpinan Transformasional sebesar 0,001 lebih kecil dari α 0,05 atau 0,001 0,05. Hubungan Kepemimpinan Transformasional yang paling signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan yaitu, inspirasi dan kharisma serta menciptakan suasana kerjasama yang baik bagi karyawan. Sebaiknya pihak manajemen PT. Bank Mandiri cabang mampang prapatan tetap memperhatikan karakter pemimpin yang dipilih dalam menjalankan roda perusahaan serta mempertahankan pemimpin yang mampu menginspirasi dan memiliki kharisma dalam memimpin serta mampu menciptakan suasana kinerja yang baik bagi karyawan guna meningkatkan kinerja karyawan juga hal nya dengan Komunikasi supaya diteruskan dan ditingkatkan komunikasi yang sudah berjalan saat ini sehingga peningkatan kinerja karyawan akan terus meningkat. Kata Kunci : kepemimpinan Transformasional, komunikasi, Kinerja. / In maintaining work stability in running a company. So, leaders in a company must know what their functions and duties are in running the company so that the company they lead can develop, the role of leaders can affect morale, job satisfaction, work quality, and especially the level of achievement of an organization. Because in recent times there has been a phenomenon of decreasing employee performance in several companies and frequent turnover in the company, therefore the company's success in achieving the goals to be achieved depends on the leader, whether a leader can mobilize all human resources, natural resources, facilities, funds , and time available effectively and efficiently in carrying out the management process Therefore communication can be the main instrument of competitive advantage, ie if communication helps in the smooth running of the organization's strategy. If employees have good communication at work, he no longer treats the place work as a place to earn money. The employee will treat his workplace like a home or family that he also owns and he feels partly responsible for bringing the company to development. This research was carried out with a quantitative approach, namely an approach using data analysis in the form of numeric or numbers, by means of a survey, namely research that takes a number of sample from the population by distributing questionnaires as the main data collection tool. which is entered to obtain objective data variable factors, namely transformational leadership style and communication that affect performance, to strengthen the truth of the data obtained from the field. Transformational Leadership Variable (X1) has a significant positive relationship or correlation to employee performance (Y) of 0.883 . This is found at the Transformational leadership significance level of 0.001 which is smaller than 0.05 or 0.001 0.05. The most significant relationship of Transformational Leadership to employee performance is, inspiration and charisma as well as creating a good cooperative atmosphere for employees. We recommend that the management of PT. Bank Mandiri Mampang Prapatan branch continues to pay attention to the character of the leaders chosen in running the company's wheels and maintain leaders who are able to inspire and have charisma in leading and are able to create a good performance atmosphere for employees to improve employee performance as well as communication so that communication can be continued and improved. has been running at this time so that the improvement of employee performance will continue to increase keywords : Transformational leadership, communication, Performance

On the evolution of decoys in plant immune systems

The Guard-Guardee model for plant immunity describes how resistance proteins (guards) in host cells monitor host target proteins (guardees) that are manipulated by pathogen effector proteins. A recently suggested extension of this model includes decoys, which are duplicated copies of guardee proteins, and which have the sole function to attract the effector and, when modified by the effector, trigger the plant immune response. Here we present a proof-of-principle model for the functioning of decoys in plant immunity, quantitatively developing this experimentally-derived concept. Our model links the basic cellular chemistry to the outcomes of pathogen infection and resulting fitness costs for the host. In particular, the model allows identification of conditions under which it is optimal for decoys to act as triggers for the plant immune response, and of conditions under which it is optimal for decoys to act as sinks that bind the pathogen effectors but do not trigger an immune response.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figure

Seeing a talking face matters: The relationship between cortical tracking of continuous auditory ‐visual speech and gaze behaviour in infants, children and adults

Available online 15 April 2022An auditory-visual speech benefit, the benefit that visual speech cues bring to auditory speech perception, is experienced from early on in infancy and continues to be experienced to an increasing degree with age. While there is both behavioural and neurophysiological evidence for children and adults, only behavioural evidence exists for infants –as no neurophysiological study has provided a comprehensive examination of the auditory- visual speech benefit in infants. It is also surprising that most studies on auditory-visual speech benefit do not concurrently report looking behaviour especially since the auditory-visual speech benefit rests on the assumption that listeners attend to a speaker’s talking face and that there are meaningful individual differences in looking behaviour. To address these gaps, we simultaneously recorded electroencephalographic (EEG) and eye-tracking data of 5-month-olds, 4-year-olds and adults as they were presented with a speaker in auditory-only (AO), visual- only (VO), and auditory-visual (AV) modes. Cortical tracking analyses that involved forward encoding models of the speech envelope revealed that there was an auditory-visual speech benefit [i.e., AV > ( A + V )], evident in 5-month-olds and adults but not 4-year-olds. Examination of cortical tracking accuracy in relation to looking behaviour, showed that infants’ relative attention to the speaker’s mouth (vs. eyes) was positively correlated with cortical tracking accuracy of VO speech, whereas adults’ attention to the display overall was negatively correlated with cortical tracking accuracy of VO speech. This study provides the first neurophysiological evidence of auditory-visual speech benefit in infants and our results suggest ways in which current models of speech processing can be fine-tuned.This research was funded by a doctoral scholarship to the first author funded by the MARCS Institute at Western Sydney University and the HEARing Cooperative Research Centre (CRC), and by HEARingCRC funding to the last author. The second author’s work is supported by the Basque Government through the BERC 2018–2021 program, and PIBA PI-2019–0054, and by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the Ramon y Cajal Research Fellowship, PID2019– 105528GA-I00

Dissociable electrophysiological measures of natural language processing reveal differences in speech comprehension strategy in healthy ageing

Healthy ageing leads to changes in the brain that impact upon sensory and cognitive processing. It is not fully clear how these changes affect the processing of everyday spoken language. Prediction is thought to play an important role in language comprehension, where information about upcoming words is pre-activated across multiple representational levels. However, evidence from electrophysiology suggests differences in how older and younger adults use context-based predictions, particularly at the level of semantic representation. We investigate these differences during natural speech comprehension by presenting older and younger subjects with continuous, narrative speech while recording their electroencephalogram. We use time-lagged linear regression to test how distinct computational measures of (1) semantic dissimilarity and (2) lexical surprisal are processed in the brains of both groups. Our results reveal dissociable neural correlates of these two measures that suggest differences in how younger and older adults successfully comprehend speech. Specifically, our results suggest that, while younger and older subjects both employ context-based lexical predictions, older subjects are significantly less likely to pre-activate the semantic features relating to upcoming words. Furthermore, across our group of older adults, we show that the weaker the neural signature of this semantic pre-activation mechanism, the lower a subject's semantic verbal fluency score. We interpret these findings as prediction playing a generally reduced role at a semantic level in the brains of older listeners during speech comprehension and that these changes may be part of an overall strategy to successfully comprehend speech with reduced cognitive resources

Zanthosimuline and Related Pyranoquinolines as Antifungal Agents for Postharvest Fruit Disease Control

The natural product zanthosimuline and its 18 analogues were easily prepared from simple starting materials and evaluated in vitro against postharvest fruit fungal pathogens. The panel included Penicillium digitatum, Botrytis cinerea, Monilinia fructicola, and Rhizopus stolonifer; all of them causing relevant economic losses worldwide. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum fungicidal concentrations of each compound were determined, and the main structure?activity relationships were established. The biological activity observed was strongly increased by maintaining the prenyl side chain of zanthosimuline in an N-demethylated derivative. In addition, the compound that is the most active in the in vitro evaluation was tested in freshly harvested peaches exhibiting a promising brown rot control profile, comparable to the commercial agent carbendazim but demonstrating less toxicity against human liver cell lines.Fil: Di Liberto, Melina Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Departamento de Química Orgánica. Área Farmacognosia; ArgentinaFil: Caldo, Agustín J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Quiroga, Ariel Dario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Fisiología Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Fisiología Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Riveira, Martín Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Derita, Marcos Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Departamento de Química Orgánica. Área Farmacognosia; Argentin

Interfacing single-atom catalysis with continuous-flow organic electrosynthesis

The global warming crisis has sparked a series of environmentally cautious trends in chemistry, allowing us to rethink the way we conduct our synthesis, and to incorporate more earth-abundant materials in our catalyst design. “Single-atom catalysis” has recently appeared on the catalytic spectrum, and has truly merged the benefits that homogeneous and heterogeneous analogues have to offer. Further still, the possibility to activate these catalysts by means of a suitable electric potential could pave the way for a true integration of diverse synthetic methodologies and renewable electricity. Despite their esteemed benefits, single-atom electrocatalysts are still limited to the energy sector (hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction, etc.) and numerous examples in the literature still invoke the use of precious metals (Pd, Pt, Ir, etc.). Additionally, batch electroreactors are employed, which limit the intensification of such processes. It is of paramount importance that the field continues to grow in a more sustainable direction, seeking new ventures into the space of organic electrosynthesis and flow electroreactor technologies. In this piece, we discuss some of the progress being made with earth abundant homogeneous and heterogeneous electrocatalysts and flow electrochemistry, within the context of organic electrosynthesis, and highlight the prospects of alternatively utilizing single-atom catalysts for such applications

Ordering and Demixing Transitions in Multicomponent Widom-Rowlinson Models

We use Monte Carlo techniques and analytical methods to study the phase diagram of multicomponent Widom-Rowlinson models on a square lattice: there are M species all with the same fugacity z and a nearest neighbor hard core exclusion between unlike particles. Simulations show that for M between two and six there is a direct transition from the gas phase at z < z_d (M) to a demixed phase consisting mostly of one species at z > z_d (M) while for M \geq 7 there is an intermediate ``crystal phase'' for z lying between z_c(M) and z_d(M). In this phase, which is driven by entropy, particles, independent of species, preferentially occupy one of the sublattices, i.e. spatial symmetry but not particle symmetry is broken. The transition at z_d(M) appears to be first order for M \geq 5 putting it in the Potts model universality class. For large M the transition between the crystalline and demixed phase at z_d(M) can be proven to be first order with z_d(M) \sim M-2 + 1/M + ..., while z_c(M) is argued to behave as \mu_{cr}/M, with \mu_{cr} the value of the fugacity at which the one component hard square lattice gas has a transition, and to be always of the Ising type. Explicit calculations for the Bethe lattice with the coordination number q=4 give results similar to those for the square lattice except that the transition at z_d(M) becomes first order at M>2. This happens for all q, consistent with the model being in the Potts universality class.Comment: 26 pages, 15 postscript figure

Semiclassical Molecular Dynamics for Spectroscopic Calculations of Complex Systems

I will present some novel semiclassical methods for spectroscopic calculations. These approaches can be employed for spectroscopic calculations of gas-phase molecular and supramolecular systems up to hundreds of degrees of freedom, as well as to condensed phase systems. Some methods are based on a \u201cdivide-and-conquer\u201d approach, where the full dimensional spectra are obtained as a composition of several lower dimensional ones. Others exploit hierarchically the different levels of accuracy of different semiclassical propagators. For instance, in a system-bath problem lower semiclassical accuracy is dedicated to the bath, while the system is treated with higher accuracy and the system spectrum is eventually singled out. All methods are amenable for ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. References 1. F. Gabas, G. Di Liberto, R. Conte, and M. Ceotto, Chemical Science 9 (41), 7885-8026 (2018); 2. X. Ma, G. Di Liberto, R. Conte, W. L. Hase, and M. Ceotto, JCP 149, 164113 (2018) 3. M. Micciarelli, R. Conte, J. Suarez, and M. Ceotto, JCP 149, 064115 (2018); 4. M. Buchholz, F. Grossmann, and M. Ceotto, JCP 148, 114107 (2018); 5. G. Di Liberto, R. Conte, and M. Ceotto, JCP 148, 104302 (2018); 6. G. Di Liberto, R. Conte, and M. Ceotto, JCP 148, 014307 (2018); 7. M. Buchholz, F. Grossmann, and M. Ceotto, JCP 147, 164110 (2017); 8. M. Ceotto, G. Di Liberto, and R. Conte, PRL 119, 010401 (2017); 9. F. Gabas, R. Conte, and M. Ceotto, JCTC 13, 2378-2388 (2017); 10. G. Di Liberto, M. Ceotto, JCP 145, 144107 (2016); 11. M. Buchholz, F. Grossmann, M. Ceotto, JCP 144, 094102 (2016)

Semiclassical Methods for Spectroscopic Calculations of High Dimensional Molecular Systems

I will present some novel semiclassical methods for spectroscopic calculations. These approaches can be employed for spectroscopic calculations of gas-phase molecular and supramolecular systems up to hundreds of degrees of freedom, as well as to condensed phase systems. Some methods are based on a \u201cdivide-and-conquer\u201d approach, where the full dimensional spectra are obtained as a composition of several lower dimensional ones. Others exploit hierarchically the different levels of accuracy of different semiclassical propagators. For instance, in a system-bath problem lower semiclassical accuracy is dedicated to the bath, while the system is treated with higher accuracy and the system spectrum is eventually singled out. All methods are amenable to ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. References 1. M. Micciarelli, R. Conte, J. Suarez, and M. Ceotto, JCP 149, 064115 (2018); 2. M. Buchholz, F. Grossmann, and M. Ceotto, JCP 148, 114107 (2018); 3. G. Di Liberto, R. Conte, and M. Ceotto, JCP 148, 104302 (2018); 4. G. Di Liberto, R. Conte, and M. Ceotto, JCP 148, 014307 (2018); 5. M. Buchholz, F. Grossmann, and M. Ceotto, JCP 147, 164110 (2017); 6. M. Ceotto, G. Di Liberto, and R. Conte, PRL 119, 010401 (2017); 7. F. Gabas, R. Conte, and M. Ceotto, JCTC 13, 2378-2388 (2017); 8. G. Di Liberto, M. Ceotto, JCP 145, 144107 (2016); 9. M. Buchholz, F. Grossmann, M. Ceotto, JCP 144, 094102 (2016)