Hints on the quadrupole deformation of the Δ\Delta(1232)

The E2/M1 ratio (EMR) of the $\Delta$(1232) is extracted from the world data in pion photoproduction by means of an Effective Lagrangian Approach (ELA).This quantity has been derived within a crossing symmetric, gauge invariant, and chiral symmetric Lagrangian model which also contains a consistent modern treatment of the $\Delta$(1232) resonance. The \textit{bare} s-channel $\Delta$(1232) contribution is well isolated and Final State Interactions (FSI) are effectively taken into account fulfilling Watson's theorem. The obtained EMR value, EMR$=(-1.30\pm0.52)$%, is in good agreement with the latest lattice QCD calculations [Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 021601 (2005)] and disagrees with results of current quark model calculations.Comment: Enlarged conclusions and explanations on the E2/M1 ratio. Figure 3 improved. References updated. 5 pages. 3 figures. 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Physical Review

An Analysis of the Impact of Various Sampling Designs on the Headcount Index: A Simulation Study Based on the EU-SILC

The analysis and the comparison of poverty between regions and countries are important topics in social sciences, which have relevant demands of many national (Cáritas, Intermón Oxfam, Cruz Roja, etc) and international (UN, World Bank, OECD, Eurostat, IMF, etc) agencies and organizations. One of the most common poverty indicators in practice is the headcount index, which analyzes the proportion of individuals considered as poor in a population. In this paper, we first analyze the impact on the headcount index when different sampling designs are considered. Note that this study is based on real data sets taken from different countries of the European Union, and the empirical measures for comparisons are based on different Monte Carlo simulation studies. For instance, we observe that stratified sampling has the best performance in comparison to alternative sampling designs. Post-stratification performs similar to simple random sampling without replacement, and the use of auxiliary information provides similar results to ones derived from stratified sampling. Second, we also analyze the empirical performance of different variance estimators under the commented sampling designs. We conclude that they have a similar empirical performance, and they provide, in general, confidence intervals with desirable coverage rates

Analysis of the quadrupole deformation of Δ(1232) within an effective Lagrangian model for pion photoproduction from the nucleon

We present an extraction of the E2/M1 ratio of the Δ(1232) from experimental data applying an effective Lagrangian model. We compare the result obtained with different nucleonic models and we reconcile the experimental results with the lattice QCD calculations.Gobierno de España UAC2002-0009Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia FIS2005-00640 BFM2003-04147-C02-0

Is it possible to prevent recurrent vulvovaginitis? The role of Lactobacillus plantarum I1001 (CECT7504)

The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10096-016-2715-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Acute and Time-Course Effects of Traditional and Dynamic Warm-Up Routines in Young Elite Junior Tennis Players

Despite the large number of studies that have examined the acute effects of different warm up modalities (WU) on physical performance, none of them have documented the time course of potential performance recovery in tennis players. The aim of this study was twofold: (a) to analyze and compare the acute effects of two different WU modalities (traditional WU [TWU] and dynamic WU [DWU]) on physical performance (i.e., CMJ, sprint, serve speed and accuracy) in elite junior players, as well as (b) to monitor the time course of any WU-induced changes after 30 and 60 min of simulated match-play. Twelve junior elite players completed both WUs modalities (TWU and DWU) in a counterbalanced order on separate days. In each experimental session, counter movement jump (CMJ), 20-m sprint, tennis serve speed and accuracy tests were performed before (immediately after TWU or DWU) during (30 min) and after 60 min of a simulated match play. Measures were compared via four factorial (WU intervention and time) repeated measures ANOVAs. There were main effects of WU (TWU and DWU) throughout the time for all the variables analysed. The results indicate that DWU routine led to significantly faster 20 m sprint times and higher CMJs as well as faster and more accurate tennis serves at both post warm-up and 30 min match-play testing moments in comparison with the scores reported by the TWU routine (p 75-99%). No significant intergroup differences were found at 60-min match-play testing moment in any variable (except for the 20 m sprint). Therefore, the findings of this study recommend for optimal performance in these elite tennis players, DWU routines should be performed prior to formal training and competition rather than TWU routines.SIThe authors have no support or funding to report

Multitemporal Landslide Inventory and Activity Analysis by Means of aerial Photogrammetry and LiDAR Techniques in an Area of Southern Spain

Este artículo trata sobre el uso de fotogrametría aérea y técnicas LiDAR para analizar la actividad de movimientos de ladera durante un largo período de tiempo, de algo más de 32 años. Los datos corresponden a varias campañas de vuelos aéreos nacionales y autonómicos, incluyendo el Plan PNOA (1984, 1996, 2001, 2005, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013 y 2016), que abarcan una superficie de unos 50 km2 a lo largo de la autovía A-44, en las inmediaciones de Jaén (Sur de España). Se estableció como referencia un vuelo ad hoc combinado fotogramétrico y LiDAR de 2010, con mayor resolución y precisión que los otros. Este vuelo fue procesado mediante métodos de orientación directa y ajustes iterativos entre ambos conjuntos de datos. Mientras tanto, los vuelos históricos disponibles en servidores públicos de datos geográficos se orientaron transfiriendo puntos de control en tierra desde el vuelo de referencia. Luego se generaron modelos digitales de superficie (MDS) y ortofotografías, así como los correspondientes modelos diferenciales, que, tras la aplicación de filtros y teniendo en cuenta la incertidumbre estimada de ± 1 m, permitieron identificar cambios reales en la superficie del terreno. Este análisis, complementado con fotointerpretación, nos llevó a obtener un inventario multitemporal de deslizamientos en el área de estudio que fue analizado con el fin de caracterizar el tipo, la morfología y la actividad de los movimientos. Se identificaron tres tipologías básicas: desprendimientos-colapsos, deslizamientos y flujos. Estos tipos presentan diferentes propiedades morfométricas (área, perímetro e intervalo de altura) y están asociados a diferentes condiciones (altitud, pendiente, orientación y litología). Además, también se utilizó un conjunto de zonas de monitorización, comunes a los distintos vuelos, para analizar la actividad a lo largo del periodo de estudio. Así, se identificaron algunos períodos más activos (2009-2010, 2010-2011, 2011-2013 y 1996-2001) entre otros menos activos (1984-1996, 2001-2005, 2005-2009 y 2013-2016), que están relacionados con episodios lluviosos y años secos, respectivamente

Sexual Cannibalism: High Incidence in a Natural Population with Benefits to Females

10 pages, 3 figures.[Background] Sexual cannibalism may be a form of extreme sexual conflict in which females benefit more from feeding on males than mating with them, and males avoid aggressive, cannibalistic females in order to increase net fitness. A thorough understanding of the adaptive significance of sexual cannibalism is hindered by our ignorance of its prevalence in nature. Furthermore, there are serious doubts about the food value of males, probably because most studies that attempt to document benefits of sexual cannibalism to the female have been conducted in the laboratory with non-natural alternative prey. Thus, to understand more fully the ecology and evolution of sexual cannibalism, field experiments are needed to document the prevalence of sexual cannibalism and its benefits to females.[Methodology/Principal Findings] We conducted field experiments with the Mediterranean tarantula (Lycosa tarantula), a burrowing wolf spider, to address these issues. At natural rates of encounter with males, approximately a third of L. tarantula females cannibalized the male. The rate of sexual cannibalism increased with male availability, and females were more likely to kill and consume an approaching male if they had previously mated with another male. We show that females benefit from feeding on a male by breeding earlier, producing 30% more offspring per egg sac, and producing progeny of higher body condition. Offspring of sexually cannibalistic females dispersed earlier and were larger later in the season than spiderlings of non-cannibalistic females.[Conclusions/Significance] In nature a substantial fraction of female L. tarantula kill and consume approaching males instead of mating with them. This behaviour is more likely to occur if the female has mated previously. Cannibalistic females have higher rates of reproduction, and produce higher-quality offspring, than non-cannibalistic females. Our findings further suggest that female L. tarantula are nutrient-limited in nature and that males are high-quality prey. The results of these field experiments support the hypothesis that sexual cannibalism is adaptive to females.This paper has been written under a Ramón y Cajal research contract from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology (MCYT) to JML and an I3P-BPD2004-CSIC scholarship to RRB. This work has been funded by MEC grants CGL2004-03153 and CGL2007-60520 to JML, MARG, RRB, CFM and DHW.Peer reviewe

Techno-economic feasibility of ionic liquids-based CO2 chemical capture processes

A techno-economic assessment of Ionic Liquids (ILs)-based post-combustion, biogas and pre-combustion CO2 chemical capture processes was carried out using Aspen Plus and Aspen Process Economic Analyzer (APEA). This cost estimation procedure is newly integrated to our COSMO-based/Aspen Plus methodology used to design the chemical absorption processes with 90% of CO2 capture. The equipment investment and variable operating cost were analyzed relating to the process operating conditions and the IL performance. The total annualized cost was used as the index to economically evaluate the processes at three CO2 treatment capacities and employing three different ILs: [P2228][CNPyr], [P66614][CNPyr] and [Bmim][acetate]. It benefits from economy of scale as well as it is directly related to both IL enthalpy of reaction and process gap capacity, being [P2228][CNPyr] -which has the most exothermic reaction and highest gap capacity- the solvent achieving the lowest costs. Current results indicate that operating at vacuum pressure to better regenerate the IL entails a remarkable cost penalty. Hence, both capital (CAPEX) and operational expenses (OPEX) could be reduced to achieve a total cost of 81.32 $/tCO2 for [P2228][CNPyr] in post-combustion CO2 capture when regenerating the IL at atmospheric pressure and 121.5 °C. Three IL pricing basis were considered when calculating the solvent cost. A conservative IL scaled up price of 50$/kg only increments around 5% the total annualized cost of the processThe authors are grateful to Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain (project CTQ2017-89441-R) and Comunidad de Madrid (project P2018/EMT4348) for financial support and Centro de Computación Científica de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid for computational facilitie

Helicity dependence and contribution to the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule of the γ d → π NN reaction channels in the energy region from threshold up to the (1232) resonance

The helicity dependence of the γ d→π−pp, γ d→π+nn, and γ d→π0np reaction channels is studied for incident photon energies from threshold up to the (1232) resonance with inclusion of leading πNN effects. The doubly polarized total and differential cross sections for parallel and antiparallel helicity states are predicted. Then the contribution of various channels to the deuteron spin asymmetry and the double polarization E asymmetry is calculated. In addition, the contribution to the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) integral from separate channels is evaluated by explicit integration up to a photon lab energy of 350 MeV. Sizeable effects from final-state interactions, specially for π0 production, are found. The sensitivity of the results to the elementary pion photoproduction operator is also investigated. Considerable dependence of the results on the elementary amplitude is found. We expect that these results may be useful to interpret the recent measurements from LEGS@BNL, A2, and GDH@MAMI Collaborations.Gobierno de España UAC2002-0009Comunidad de Madrid 910059Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia FPA2006-07393 BFM2003-04147-C02-01 FPA2006-0739