A new skilled emigration dynamic: Portuguese nurses and recruitment in the southern European periphery

Philippine and Indian nurses have been emigrating for many years, but Portu-guese nurses and other South and East Europeans have recently started to replace them in the UK. This study focuses on the recent migration of Portuguese nurses – both as emigrants and immigrants – within the European area. The research mixes extensive and intensive methodologies. Health agencies start-ed to recruit heavily among Portuguese nurses after 2008, which often led to their decision to leave the country with a guaranteed job abroad. In turn, this dynamic of emigration being motived by institutional and recruitment networks was caused by a structural factor: the barriers erected in 2010 by UK immigration pol-icies against the contracting of nurses from outside the EU, which led the job agencies to search for nurses inside Europe. The chapter’s main finding is that alt-hough the push factor of economic recession and increased unemployment that hit the European periphery after the 2008 financial crisis played a role in the out-flow of Portuguese nurses, it was the pull factor that was more significant. The second finding is that this new mass emigration of nurses is not just a Portuguese phenomenon but rather is in keeping with other Southern and East European pe-ripheral countries.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The fourth wave of Portuguese emigration: Austerity policies, European peripheries and postcolonial continuities

Little is known about emigration in European countries. Migratory pressure and the recent refugee crisis have helped keep academic attention over the last few decades focused on immigration, asylum and integration in Europe. However, these dynamics promoting entries into European countries coexist with other fair-ly significant dynamics promoting departures from these countries. The sovereign debt crisis coupled with austerity policies that asymmetrically affected Europe’s peripheral countries have increased emigration in various European countries. Our book aims to counter the invisibility of emigration from European countries in the literature by examining the particularities of the Portuguese case. In methodological terms, the book compiles the work of authors from different academic backgrounds who have conducted empirical research using a wide vari-ety of extensive and intensive methods. It is argued that when analysing recent Portuguese emigration it is important to examine in further detail: i) the impact of the 2008 economic and financial crisis and the austerity policies that followed in its wake; ii) south-north emigration in Europe; iii) north-south emigration outside Europe and post-colonial continuities; iv) the importance of reassessing the exist-ing model of Southern European migration; v) highly skilled and less skilled mi-gration; and finally, vi) emigrants’ and their descendants’ identities.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

MEGARA, the new intermediate-resolution optical IFU and MOS for GTC: getting ready for the telescope

MEGARA (Multi-Espectrógrafo en GTC de Alta Resolución para Astronomía) is an optical Integral-Field Unit (IFU) and Multi-Object Spectrograph (MOS) designed for the GTC 10.4m telescope in La Palma that is being built by a Consortium led by UCM (Spain) that also includes INAOE (Mexico), IAA-CSIC (Spain), and UPM (Spain). The instrument is currently finishing AIV and will be sent to GTC on November 2016 for its on-sky commissioning on April 2017. The MEGARA IFU fiber bundle (LCB) covers 12.5x11.3 arcsec2 with a spaxel size of 0.62 arcsec while the MEGARA MOS mode allows observing up to 92 objects in a region of 3.5x3.5 arcmin2 around the IFU. The IFU and MOS modes of MEGARA will provide identical intermediate-to-high spectral resolutions (RFWHM~6,000, 12,000 and 18,700, respectively for the low-, mid- and high-resolution Volume Phase Holographic gratings) in the range 3700-9800ÅÅ. An x-y mechanism placed at the pseudo-slit position allows (1) exchanging between the two observing modes and (2) focusing the spectrograph for each VPH setup. The spectrograph is a collimator-camera system that has a total of 11 VPHs simultaneously available (out of the 18 VPHs designed and being built) that are placed in the pupil by means of a wheel and an insertion mechanism. The custom-made cryostat hosts a 4kx4k 15-μm CCD. The unique characteristics of MEGARA in terms of throughput and versatility and the unsurpassed collecting are of GTC make of this instrument the most efficient tool to date to analyze astrophysical objects at intermediate spectral resolutions. In these proceedings we present a summary of the instrument characteristics and the results from the AIV phase. All subsystems have been successfully integrated and the system-level AIV phase is progressing as expected

Real estate dispossession, income and immigration in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain)

The legal proceedings of real estate dispossession are essential elements in understanding the impact of the economic crisis on Spanish cities. Those that took place between 2009 and 2017 in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, their quantitative dimension and their intra-urban distribution are analysed in this study. This perspective allows an appreciation of their relationship with the unequal distribution of income and alien status, factors leading the investigations on the loss of property. In order to achieve this objective, the records of the Common Service of Notifications and Seizures have been used together with data of the Inland Revenue Ministry and Municipal Register, combining statistical and cartographical analysis with the purpose of finding associations and predictive factors. The study reveals that there is a great concentration of real estate deprivation in the central areas of the city and that the standards of distribution of dispossession are inversely related to the level of income of the urban districts and directly related to the foreign population. This tends to confirm that dispossession must be interpreted as the result of mechanisms of capitalist accumulation, which reinforce socio-urban inequalities.Desposesión inmobiliaria, renta e inmigración en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (España) Las actuaciones judiciales de desposesión son elementos esenciales para entender el impacto de la crisis económica en las ciudades españolas. En este estudio se analizan las que tuvieron lugar entre 2009 y 2017 en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, su dimensión cuantitativa y su distribución intraurbana. Esta perspectiva permite apreciar su relación con la desigual distribución de la renta y de la extranjería, factores que ganan un gran protagonismo en las investigaciones sobre pérdida de propiedad. Para alcanzar este objetivo se han utilizado los registros del Servicio Común de Notificaciones y Embargos y los datos del Ministerio de Hacienda y del Padrón de Población, combinando análisis estadístico y cartográfico, con el fin de establecer asociaciones y factores predictores. El estudio revela que se produce una fuerte concentración de la pérdida de la propiedad inmobiliaria en zonas centrales de la ciudad y que las pautas de distribución de la desposesión están relacionadas de forma inversa con el nivel de renta de los distritos urbanos y de forma directa con la población extranjera. Esto viene a confirmar que la desposesión debe ser interpretada como resultado de mecanismos de acumulación capitalista que refuerzan las desigualdades socio-urbanas

Moroccans in Portugal: the role of networks with the home country in migration and integration processes

Moroccans are a recent and small migrant group in Portugal, yet they are significantly represented in the agricultural sector. Over 30% are concentrated in Algarve, the most southern region of the country with a more recent presence in Lisbon. Given their recent presence in Portugal, little is known about their process of integration or their migration experiences. This chapter has two main objectives. First, we provide a reading of the characteristics of Moroccan migrants in the Algarve and their integration. Second, we explore the role that network ties have in perpetuating migration to Portugal. In particular, we examine the role of current migrants in providing feedback and assistance to new/potential migrants considering migrating to Portugal. According to migration theory, migration increases over time as networks and social structures are established to sustain it (Massey et al. 1998). Such ties link migrants and non-migrants between origin and destination countries and may be helpful for organizing the process of migration and integration. To examine these processes, we draw on a survey conducted with 207 Moroccan migrants in the Algarve and 51 semi-structured interviews with Moroccan migrants and key informants conducted in the Algarve and Lisbon regions in the scope of the THEMIS (2011) and MEDCHANGe projects (2014/2015). Our findings identify important factors that have structured Moroccan migration including collective hiring schemes in agriculture and social networks. However, the effects of the economic and financial crisis seem to be resulting in stabilization or even decline of the migratory flow.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Comparative-Causal Study of the Immigration’s Term in Students of the University of Granada, Spain

O presente estudo, de corte comparativo-causal, pretende verificar se diferentes variáveis inerentes aos estudantes da Universidade de Granada (como o gênero, a titulação onde cursam seus estudos, dentre outras) afetam a forma como avaliam o termo “imigração”. Foi utilizado um inventário que avaliou a percepção sobre o agrado versus desagrado do termo referido de uma amostra de (N = 423) alunos desta universidade selecionada através de uma amostragem probabilística por conglomerados. Os resultados obtidos destacam que, de fato, algumas das variáveis referidas foram relevantes na hora de avaliar positiva ou negativamente o termo imigração, sobretudo, no que diz respeito às variáveis titulação, ideologia e situação econômica dos estudantes da nossa pesquisa.El presente estudio, de corte comparativo-causal, pretende determinar si diferentes variables consustanciales al alumnado de la Universidad de Granada (como el género, titulación donde desarrolla sus estudios, etc.) inciden en la forma en cómo valoran el término de “inmigración”. Para ello utilizamos un inventario que ha evaluado la percepción de agrado vs desagrado de dicho término de una muestra de estudiantes (N = 423) de la dicha universidad seleccionados mediante un muestreo probabilístico por conglomerados. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan a que, efectivamente, algunas de las variables contempladas han resultado relevantes a la hora de valorar con mayor o menor agrado el concepto anteriormente mencionado, sobre todo, por lo que respecta a las variables titulación, ideología y situación económica del alumnado objeto de la investigación.This study, of comparative-causal type, cutting wants to determine if different variables inherent to the students of the University of Granada (as the genre, degree where they study, etc.) influence in the way they assess the term of “inmigration”. We use a survey that evaluated the perception of agree vs disagree on the term “inmigrantion” of a sample (N = 423) students of this university selected by cluster random sampling. The obtained results show that, really, some of the referred variables have shown to be relevant when assessing with varying agreement to the concept previously mentioned, over all, regarding the different degrees, ideology and the students economic situation, the object of the research