Exploring sizable triple Higgs couplings in the 2HDM

An important task at future colliders is the measurement of the triple Higgs coupling. Depending on its size relative to the Standard Model (SM) value, certain collider options result in a higher experimental accuracy. Within the framework of Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDM) type I and II we investigate the allowed ranges for all triple Higgs couplings involving at least one light, SM-like Higgs boson. We take into account theoretical constraints (unitarity, stability), experimental constraints from direct Higgs-boson searches, measurements of the SM-like Higgs-boson properties, flavor observables and electroweak precision data. We find that the SM-type triple Higgs coupling w.r.t. its SM value, $\lambda_{hhh}/\lambda_{\rm SM}$, can range between $\sim -0.5$ and $\sim 1.5$. Depending on which value is realized, the HL-LHC can compete with, or is clearly inferior to the ILC. We find the coupling $\lambda_{hhH}$ between $\sim -1.5$ and $\sim 1.5$. Triple Higgs couplings involving two heavy Higgs bosons, $\lambda_{hHH}$, $\lambda_{hAA}$ and $\lambda_{hH^+H^-}$ can reach values up to ${\cal O}(10)$, roughly independent of the 2HDM type. This can lead to potentially strongly enhanced production of two Higgs-bosons at the HL-LHC or high-energy $e^+e^-$ colliders.Comment: 44 pages, 16 figure

Sensitivity to Triple Higgs Couplings via Di-Higgs Production in the 2HDM at e+e- Colliders

An important task at future colliders is the investigation of the Higgs-boson sector. Here the measurement of the triple Higgs coupling(s) plays a special role. Based on previous analyses, within the framework of Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDM) type~I and~II, we define and analyze several two-dimensional benchmark planes, that are over large parts in agreement with all theoretical and experimental constraints. For these planes we evaluate di-Higgs production cross sections at future high-energy $e^+e^-$ colliders, such as ILC or CLIC. We consider two different channels for the neutral di-Higgs pairs $h_i h_j=hh,hH,HH,AA$: $e^+e^- \to h_i h_j Z$ and $e^+e^- \to h_i h_j \nu \bar \nu$. In both channels the various triple Higgs-boson couplings contribute substantially. We find regions with a strong enhancement of the production channel of two SM-like light Higgs bosons and/or with very large production cross sections involving one light and one heavy or two heavy 2HDM Higgs bosons, offering interesting prospects for the ILC or CLIC. The mechanisms leading to these enhanced production cross sections are analyzed in detail. We propose the use of cross section distributions with the invariant mass of the two final Higgs bosons where the contributions from intermediate resonant and non-resonant BSM Higgs bosons play a crucial role. We outline which process at which center-of-mass energy would be best suited to probe the corresponding triple Higgs-boson couplings.Comment: 57 pages, 29 figures, lots of plot

Hydraulic Characterization of Diesel Engine Single-Hole Injectors

Due to world trend on the emission regulations and greater demand of fuel economy, the research on advanced diesel injector designs is a key factor for the next generation diesel engines. For that reason, it is well established that understanding the effects of the nozzle geometry on the spray development, fuel-air mixing, combustion and pollutants formation is of crucial importance to achieve these goals. In the present research, the influence of the injector nozzle geometry on the internal flow characteristics is studied. For this purpose, ten single-hole diesel injectors differing in the orifices degree of conicity (five cylindrical, five conical) but with similar nozzle flow capacity have been characterized geometrically (measurements of nozzle outlet section) and hydraulically. The mass flow and momentum flux rates have been measured for a wide range of experimental conditions. Special attention is given to study the cavitation phenomenon since the cylindrically-shaped nozzle orifices are expected to propitiate cavitation due to abrupt changes in flow direction. The study has been carried out with two different fuels: n-dodecane and commercial diesel, thereby the effect of the fuel properties is also analyzed. The results show that the measured nozzle outlet diameters are higher than the nominal specification for both nozzle types. As expected, the onset of cavitation on the cylindrical nozzles has been identified causing a reduction on the injected mass for all tested conditions. The effective diameter for the cylindrical nozzles have been found to be around 175 mu m (geometrical diameter approximate to 212 mu m) and around 185 mu m (geometrical diameter approximate to 191 mu m) for the conical ones. Finally, the higher density of diesel with respect to n-dodecane have resulted on mass flow rates around 8% over the n-dodecane values for the same test conditions.This work was sponsored by "Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad" of the Spanish Government in the frame of the Project "Estudio de la interaccion chorro-pared en condiciones realistas de motor", Reference TRA2015-67679-c2-1-R. Additionally, the hardware used for the project was purchased with funding from Ministerio de economia y competitividad FEDER-ICTS-2012-06. Julio Cuisano E. was financed by a postdoctoral fellowship from Fundacion Carolina and Pontifica Universidad Catolica del Peru.Payri Marín, R.; Gimeno García, J.; Cuisano, J.; Arco, J. (2016). Hydraulic Characterization of Diesel Engine Single-Hole Injectors. Fuel. 180:357-366. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.03.083S35736618

Web Services: Introduction and State of the Art

In this paper we provide a brief introduction to Web Services, including the main specifications: SOAP, WSDL and UDDI. We also describe other specifications that complement them and provide solutions to aspects needed to develop service oriented architectures based on Web Services. We also address some of the research issues open, including the semantic description of services, which is one of the issues to which more effort is being devoted currently. Finally, we list the main areas where Web Service technology is being applied successfully in the context of enterprises

Removal of lead, mercury and nickel using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Objective. In this study the biomass of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to remove lead, mercury and nickel in the form of ions dissolved in water. Materials and methods. Synthetic solutions were prepared containing the three heavy metals, which were put in contact with viable microorganisms at different conditions of pH, temperature, aeration and agitation. Results. Both individual variables and the interaction effects influenced the biosorption process. Throughout the experimental framework it was observed that the biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae removed a higher percentage of lead (86.4%) as compared to mercury and nickel (69.7 and 47.8% respectively). When the pH was set at a value of 5 the effect was positive for all three metals. Conclusions. pH was the variable that had a greater influence on the biosorption of lead on the biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The affinity of the heavy metals for the biomass followed the order Pb>Hg>Ni

Oferta de implantes de prótesis total de cadera en Cataluña

El crecimiento exponencial de la oferta de implantes de prótesis total de cadera hace difícil para el cirujano ortopédico establecer criterios de elección, por este motivo hemos realizado un análisis de la oferta actual de los mismos. Se han identificado 67 modelos de implantes de prótesis total de cadera primaria y 19 modelos de revisión comercializados en la comunidad catalana por 24 empresas. El número de variables, de material o diseño de los distintos modelos, sin tener en cuenta las diversas medidas de vástagos, cuellos y cótilos, ha sido de 55. Hemos encontrado referencias bibliográficas de resultados clínicos de un 25% de las prótesis. El rango de coste de los implantes ha sido de 70.000 a 300.570 pesetas para las prótesis cementadas, con un precio medio de 172.805 pesetas; de 375.654 a 648.606 pesetas para las no cementadas, con un precio medio de 480.301 pesetas, y de 412.552 a 713.000 pesetas de las prótesis de revisión, con una media de 568.138 pesetas. Esta dispersión de modelos y precios es mayor que la de otros países de nuestro entorno, y el porcentaje de publicaciones de resultados clínicos encontrado es algo menor que el reportado por algunos autores. Frente a esta situación creemos que serían necesarios estudios clínicos a largo término y sistemas de evaluación estandarizados para poder decidir con criterios rigurosos si los nuevos implantes que aparecen en el mercado con costes más elevados tienen ventajas suficientes para cambiar indicaciones de implantes largamente probados.The exponential growth of the different models of THA actually in offer makes difficult to the orthopaedic surgeon to find sound criteria for the selection of the proper implant. This paper is an attempt to analyse the models actually in offer. We have identified 67 primary THAs types and 19 revision models, commercialised by 24 companies at the catalonian community. The number of variables, materials or designs between different patterns, independently of the size of femoral and acetabular components, has been of 55. Only 25% of implants are supported by reports in the orthopaedic literature. The cost range of implants varied from 70,000 to 300,570 pts. for cemented prosthesis (average: 172,895); from 375,654 to 648,606 pts. for cementless models (average: 480,391); the cost range for revision models varied from 412,552 to 713,000 pts., with an average of 568,138 pts. Such a variety of designs and prices is greater than in other countries of our environment, and the percentage of reports about clinical results that we have found is smaller than the noticed by some authors. We believe that it would be necessary some long term prospective studies and standarized evaluation systems in order to decide if the newer implants, with more expensive price, have enough advantages to substitute the classic implants widely used

Non-decoupling effects from heavy Higgs bosons by matching 2HDM to HEFT amplitudes

In this work we explore the low energy effects induced from the integration of the heavy Higgs boson modes, $H$, $A$ and $H^\pm$, within the Two Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) by assuming that the lightest Higgs boson $h$ is the one observed experimentally at $m_h \sim 125$ GeV. We work within the context of Effective Field Theories, focusing on the Higgs Effective Field Theory (HEFT), although some comparisons with the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) case are also discussed through this work. Our main focus is placed in the computation of the non-decoupling effects from the heavy Higgs bosons and the capture of such effects by means of the HEFT coefficients which are expressed in terms of the input parameters of the 2HDM. Our approach to solve this issue is by matching the amplitudes of the 2HDM and the HEFT for physical processes involving the light Higgs boson $h$ in the external legs, instead of the most frequently used matching procedure at the Lagrangian level. More concretely, we perform the matching at the amplitudes level for the following physical processes, including scattering and decays: $h\to WW^*\to Wf\bar{f'}$, $h\to ZZ^*\to Zf\bar{f}$, $WW \to hh$, $ZZ \to hh$, $hh \to hh$, $h \to \gamma \gamma$ and $h \to \gamma Z$. One important point of this work is that the matching is required to happen at low energies compared to the heavy Higgs boson masses, and these are heavier than the other particle masses. The proper expansion for this heavy mass limit is also defined here, which provides the results for the non-decoupling effects presented in this work. We finally discuss the implications of the resulting effective coefficients, and remark on the interesting correlations detected among them.Comment: 35 pages, 15 figure

Current and future role of echocardiography in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) is an inherited progressive cardiomyopathy, clinically characterized by ventricular arrhythmias and increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Echocardiography has a role in the diagnosis and prognosis of ARVD/C. However, in the current era of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the role of echocardiography in ARVD/C patients and family member screening is subject to debate. Relatively novel echocardiographic techniques, such as three-dimensional right ventricular (3D-RV) imaging and tissue deformation imaging, may improve the diagnostic and prognostic performance of echocardiography in these patients. 3D-RV imaging provides more insights on RV anatomy and global function compared to conventional echocardiography. Subtle RV regional wall motion abnormalities, and mechanical dyssynchrony, are accurately measured by tissue deformation imaging. Several studies suggest an incremental value of novel echocardiographic parameters in addition to conventional measurements. Moreover, new parameters indicating subtle RV dysfunction, and mechanical dyssynchrony, are of predictive value and could help in risk stratification of ARVD/C patients. New robust parameters, derived from 3D-RV echocardiography and RV tissue deformation imaging, in combination with established conventional parameters, suggest that there is a current and future role for echocardiography in ARVD/C supplementing MRI

Spin-wave excitations in ribbon-shaped Fe nanoparticles

It has been found that in highly anisometric ribbon-shaped Fe particles with nanoscale dimensions that the magnetization decreases with temperature markedly faster than in bulk bcc Fe. This anomalous dependence, which becomes more remarkable as the length-to-cross section ratio increases, arises from the elongated shape of the particles. The analytical approximation performed on the thermal spectrum of magnons, compatible with the sample dimensions, unravels the correlated influences of shape and size on the thermal decreasing rate of magnetization