Washington\u27s Becca Bill: The Costs of Empowering Parents

This Comment gives a practical overview of the Becca Bill and its provisions and addresses the potentially dangerous ramifications of the bill. Part II of this Comment gives a brief history of the trends in juvenile justice in this country, establishing a context for what led to the Becca Bill\u27s passage. Part III of this Comment gives a brief history of Washington\u27s statutes dealing with status offenders. This section then outlines the key portions of the Becca Bill, focusing primarily on the “lockup” provision and new petitions available to parents in order to obtain court intervention into the lives of their unmanageable children. Part IV of this Comment addresses potential problems with the Becca Bill as enacted. Part IV also examines the practice of “bootstrapping” juvenile status offenders into the criminal justice system through the bill\u27s contempt of court provisions.This Comment concludes that not only is the Becca Bill not working in practice, but that it represents a dangerous trend back to the days of parens patriae and excessive court intervention into the lives of noncriminal youths

Steady internal flow and aerodynamic loads analysis of shuttle thermal protection system

An analytical model for calculation of ascent steady state tile loading was developed and validated with wind tunnel data. The analytical model is described and results are given. Results are given for loading due to shocks and skin friction. The analysis included calculation of internal flow (porous media flow and channel flow) to obtain pressures and integration of the pressures to obtain forces and moments on an insulation tile. A heat transfer program was modified by using analogies between heat transfer and fluid flow so that it could be used for internal flow calculation. The type of insulation tile considered was undensified reusable surface insulation (RSI) without gap fillers, and the location studied was the lower surface of the orbiter. Force and moment results are reported for parameter variations on surface pressure distribution, gap sizes, insulation permeability, and tile thickness

Brain neurons as quantum computers: {\it in vivo} support of background physics

The question: whether quantum coherent states can sustain decoherence, heating and dissipation over time scales comparable to the dynamical timescales of the brain neurons, is actively discussed in the last years. Positive answer on this question is crucial, in particular, for consideration of brain neurons as quantum computers. This discussion was mainly based on theoretical arguments. In present paper nonlinear statistical properties of the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) of genetically depressive limbic brain are studied {\it in vivo} on the Flinders Sensitive Line of rats (FSL). VTA plays a key role in generation of pleasure and in development of psychological drug addiction. We found that the FSL VTA (dopaminergic) neuron signals exhibit multifractal properties for interspike frequencies on the scales where healthy VTA dopaminergic neurons exhibit bursting activity. For high moments the observed multifractal (generalized dimensions) spectrum coincides with the generalized dimensions spectrum calculated for a spectral measure of a {\it quantum} system (so-called kicked Harper model, actively used as a model of quantum chaos). This observation can be considered as a first experimental ({\it in vivo}) indication in the favour of the quantum (at least partially) nature of the brain neurons activity

An analysis of supersonic aerodynamic heating with continuous fluid injection

An analysis of the steady-state aerodynamic heating problem at high-supersonic speeds is made for two-dimensional flows with laminar boundary layers. The aerodynamic heating is shown to be reduced substantially by injecting a small amount of coolant through a porous surface into the boundary layer. The analysis includes calculations of the cooling requirements and equilibrium surface temperatures for flat plates and for an equilibrium surface temperatures for flat plates and for flat porous surfaces with several rates of fluid injection at Mach numbers from 5 to 15 and altitudes from sea level to 200,000 feet. Some calculations of the skin friction are also included

The role of octadecanoids and functional mimics in soybean defense responses

Oxylipins of the jasmonate pathway and synthetic functional analogs have been analyzed for their elicitor like activities in an assay based on the induced accumulation of glyceollins, the phytoalexins of soybean (Glycine max L.), in cell suspension cultures of this plant. Jasmonic acid (JA) and its methyl ester showed weak phytoalexininducing activity when compared to an early jasmonate biosynthetic precursor, 12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA), as well as to the bacterial phytotoxin coronatine and certain 6-substituted indanoylLisoleucine methyl esters, which all were highly active. Interestingly, different octadecanoids and indanoyl conjugates induced the accumulation of transcripts of various defenserelated genes to different degrees, indicating distinct induction competencies. Therefore, these signaling compounds and mimics were further analyzed for their effects on signal transduction elements, such as the transient enhancement of the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and MAP kinase activation, which are known to be initiated by a soybean pathogenderived {[}beta]glucan elicitor. In contrast to the {[}beta]glucan elicitor, none of the other compounds tested triggered these early signaling elements. Moreover, endogenous levels of OPDA and JA in soybean cells were shown to be unaffected after treatment with {[}beta]glucans. Thus, OPDA and JA, which are functionally mimicked by coronatine and a variety of 6-substituted derivatives of indanoylLisoleucine methyl ester, represent highly efficient signaling compounds of a lipidbased pathway not deployed in the {[}beta]glucan elicitorinitiated signal transduction

Hydrogen storage with zirconium pseudobinaries.

Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1982 .I848. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-07, page: . Thesis (M.A.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1982

HYDROGEN STORAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF ZIRCONIUM((IRON-X)(CHROMIUM-1-X))(,2).

A literature search has revealed that AB(,2)-type intermetallic compounds exhibit desirable hydrogen storage characteristics, such as high hydrogen capacities and rapid hydriding/dehydriding kinetics. In particular, research in recent years has focussed on so-called pseudobinary alloys (A(B(,x)B(,1-w)\u27)(,2)). The additional transition element provides a means of varying hydride enthalpies, enabling one to obtain virtually any desired stability level, while at the same time maintaining adequate sorption capacity. One group of pseudobinary compounds, ie Zr(Fe(,x)Cr(,1-m))(,2), is investigated here, over the 0.0 \u3c x \u3c 0.8 composition range. These intermetallics are predominantly single-phased, identified as the hexagonal, Laves phase. Hydrogen is absorbed quite readily, with no special activation treatment. Hydrogen absorption results in the formation of a distinct hydride phase, with the same crystal structure as the parent compound. The hydride formed varies in composition through the two phase region. Hydride stabilities are found to obey the rule of reversed stability, ie alloy enthalpies increase, while hydride enthalpies decrease, with increasing Fe substitution for Cr. This trend appears to be both electronic and chemical affinity dependent. Of these intermetallics, Zr (Fe(,0.75)Cr(,0.25))(,2) demonstrates the best overall energy storage characteristics, ie a relatively high sorption capacity (H/M = 1.0) and low stability ((DELTA)H = -25 kJ/mol H(,2)). This composition compares favourably to LaNi(,5), in terms of hydride stability, hydrogen capacity and reaction kinetics. In fact, kinetics are considerably better for Zr(Fe(,0.75)Cr(,0.25))(,2), both in the initial cycle and during subsequent absorption cycles. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 46-09, Section: B, page: 3176. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1985

Non-ideality of quantum operations with the electron spin of a 31P donor in a Si crystal due to interaction with a nuclear spin system

We examine a 31P donor electron spin in a Si crystal to be used for the purposes of quantum computation. The interaction with an uncontrolled system of 29Si nuclear spins influences the electron spin dynamics appreciably. The hyperfine field at the 29Si nuclei positions is non-collinear with the external magnetic field. Quantum operations with the electron wave function, i.e. using magnetic field pulses or electrical gates, change the orientation of hyperfine field and disturb the nuclear spin system. This disturbance produces a deviation of the electron spin qubit from an ideal state, at a short time scale in comparison with the nuclear spin diffusion time. For H_ext=9 T, the estimated error rate is comparable to the threshold value required by the quantum error correction algorithms. The rate is lower at higher external magnetic fields.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure