Pythoni kitsendamine õpetamiseks

Programmeerimiskeel Python on laialt kasutatud esimese keelena informaatikaaluste õppimiseks. Selleks on hulk põhjusi, mille seas on vajalikud loetavus ja arusaadavus. Kahjuks on Pythonis kui üldotstarbilises keeles omadusi, mis rikkuvad tema sobivust selle ülesande täitmiseks. Käesoleva töö tulemusena on loodud filter, mis töötab Pythoni interpretaatori peale, et nende mõju leevendada.The Python programming language is frequently used as a first language in computer science curriculum. There are many resons for this, like the readability and simplicity. However as the general-purpose language, it has some properties unwarranted for the teaching application. The result of this thesis is the program code filter, which work on top of the Python interpreter to manage those problems

An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the products of the interaction of gaseous IrF6 with fine UO2F2

Nuclear fuel reprocessing by fluorination, a dry method of regeneration of spent nuclear fuel, uses UO2F2 for the separation of plutonium from gaseous mixtures. Since plutonium requires special treatment, IrF6 was used as a thermodynamic model of PuF6. The model reaction of the interaction of gaseous IrF6 with fine UO2F2 in the sorption column revealed a change of color of the sorption column contents from pale-yellow to gray and black, indicating the formation of products of such an interaction. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study showed that the interaction of gaseous IrF6 with fine UO2F2 at 125 °C results in the formation of stable iridium compounds where the iridium oxidation state is close to Ir3+. The dependence of the elemental compositions of the layers in the sorption column on the penetration depth of IrF6 was established

The UNITE database for molecular identification and taxonomic communication of fungi and other eukaryotes : sequences, taxa and classifications reconsidered

Acknowledgements We acknowledge Marie Zirk for her work in designing the UNITE logotype and creating the visual abstract for this article. Funding UNITE database development is financed by the Estonian Research Council [PRG1170]; European Union's Horizon 2020 project BGE [101059492]. The PlutoF digital infrastructure is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 project BiCIKL [101007492]; Estonian Research Infrastructure roadmap project DiSSCo Estonia. Funding for open access charge: UNITE Community. Conflict of interest statement. None declared.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

International Asteroid Warning Network Timing Campaign : 2019 XS

Peer reviewe

Laboratory Study of Microsatellite Control Algorithms Performance for Active Space Debris Removal Using UAV Mock-Ups on a Planar Air-Bearing Test Bed

In this paper, a planar air-bearing test bed with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) was used to test a microsatellite motion control system. The UAV mock-ups were controlled by four ventilator actuators that imitated the satellite thrusters and provided the required acceleration vector in the horizontal plane, and torque along the vertical direction. The mock-ups moved almost without friction along the planar air-bearing test bed due to the air cushion between the test bed surface and the flat mock-up base. The motion of the mock-ups motion imitated the motion of satellites in the orbital plane. The problem of space debris can be solved using special microsatellite missions able to dock to space debris objects and change their orbit. In this paper, two control algorithms based on the virtual potentials approach and the State Dependent Ricatti Equation (SDRE) controller, were proposed for docking to a non-cooperative space debris object. The algorithms were tested in a laboratory facility, and the results are presented and analyzed, including their main features demonstrated during the laboratory study. It was shown that the SDRE-based control was faster, although the virtual potential-based control required less characteristic velocity

PlutoF: Biodiversity data management platform for the complete data lifecycle

PlutoF online platform (https://plutof.ut.ee) is built for the management of biodiversity data. The concept is to provide a common workbench where the full data lifecycle can be managed and support seamless data sharing between single users, workgroups and institutions. Today, large and sophisticated biodiversity datasets are increasingly developed and managed by international workgroups. PlutoF's ambition is to serve such collaborative projects as well as to provide data management services to single users, museum or private collections and research institutions. Data management in PlutoF follows a logical order of the data lifecycle Fig. 1. At first, project metadata is uploaded including the project description, data management plan, participants, sampling areas, etc. Data upload and management activities then follow which is often linked to the internal data sharing. Some data analyses can be performed directly in the workbench or data can be exported in standard formats. PlutoF includes also data publishing module. Users can publish their data, generating a citable DOI without datasets leaving PlutoF workbench. PlutoF is part of the DataCite collaboration (https://datacite.org) and so far released more than 600 000 DOIs. Another option is to publish observation or collection datasets via the GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) portal. A. new feature implemented in 2019 allows users to publish High Throughput Sequencing data as taxon occurrences in GBIF. There is an additional option to send specific datasets directly to the Pensoft online journals. Ultimately, PlutoF works as a data archive which completes the data life cycle. In PlutoF users can manage different data types. Most common types include specimen and living specimen data, nucleotide sequences, human observations, material samples, taxonomic backbones and ecological data. Another important feature is that these data types can be managed as a single datasets or projects. PlutoF follows several biodiversity standards. Examples include Darwin Core, GGBN (Global Genome Biodiversity Network), EML (Ecological Metadata Language), MCL (Microbiological Common Language), and MIxS (Minimum Information about any (x) Sequence)

Third-party Annotations: Linking PlutoF platform and the ELIXIR Contextual Data ClearingHouse for the reporting of source material annotation gaps and inaccuracies

Third-party annotations are a valuable resource to improve the quality of public DNA sequences. For example, sequences in International Nucleotide Sequence Databases Collaboration (INSDC) often lack important features like taxon interactions, species level identification, information associated with habitat, locality, country, coordinates, etc. Therefore, initiatives to mine additional information from publications and link to the public DNA sequences have become common practice (e.g. Tedersoo et al. 2011, Nilsson et al. 2014, Groom et al. 2021). However, third-party annotations have their own specific challenges. For example, annotations can be inaccurate and therefore must be open for permanent data management. Further, every DNA sequence (except sequences from type material) can carry different species names, which must be databased as equal scientific hypotheses. PlutoF platform provides such data management services for third-party annotations.PlutoF is an online data management platform and computing service provider for biology and related disciplines. Registered users can enter and manage a wide range of data, e.g., taxon occurrences, metabarcoding data, taxon classifications, traits, and lab data. It also features an annotation module where third-party annotations (on material source, geolocation and habitat, taxonomic identifications, interacting taxa, etc.) can be added to any collection specimen, living culture or DNA sequence record. The UNITE Community is using these services to annotate and improve the quality of INSDC rDNA Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequence datasets. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is linking its ITS sequences with their annotations in PlutoF. However, there is still missing an automated solution for linking annotations in PlutoF with any sequence and sample record stored in INSDC databases. One of the ambitions of the BiCIKL Project is to solve this through operating the ELIXIR Contextual Data ClearingHouse (CDCH). CDCH offers a light and simple RESTful Application Programming Interface (API) to enable extension, correction and improvement of publicly available annotations on sample and sequence records available in ELIXIR data resources. It facilitates feeding improved or corrected annotations from databases (such as secondary databases, e.g., PlutoF, which consume and curate data from repositories) back to primary repositories (databases of the three INSDC collaborative partners).In the Biodiversity Community Integrated Knowledge Library (BiCIKL) Project, the University of Tartu Natural History Museum is leading the task of linking the two components—the web interface provided by the PlutoF platform and CDCH APIs—to allow user-friendly and effortless reporting of errors and gaps in sequenced material source annotations. The API and web interface will be promoted to those communities (such as taxonomists, those abstracting from the literature, and those already using the community curated data) with the appropriate knowledge and tools who will be encouraged to report their enhanced annotations back to primary repositories

Structure and Phase Composition of WNb Alloy Formed by the Impact of Compression Plasma Flows

The results of a tungsten–niobium alloy synthesis by the impact of pulsed compression plasma flows are presented. Tungsten plates with a 2 μm thin niobium coating were treated with dense compression plasma flows generated by a quasi-stationary plasma accelerator. The plasma flow with an absorbed energy density of 35–70 J/cm2 and pulse duration of 100 μs melted the niobium coating and a part of the tungsten substrate, which caused liquid-phase mixing and WNb alloy synthesis. Simulation of the temperature distribution in the top layer of the tungsten after the plasma treatment proved the formation of the melted state. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to determine the structure and phase composition. The thickness of the WNb alloy was 10–20 μm and a W(Nb) bcc solid solution was found