Short-and Midterm Outcomes of Laparoscopy Assisted Colectomy for Colon and Rectosigmoid Cancer

Background: Laparoscopy-assisted colectomy (LAC) has gained acceptance for the treatment of colon cancer. Objective: To evaluate the use and outcomes of LAC. Patients: Patients who underwent LAC (n = 176) for colon and rectosigmoid cancer (2001-2008). Results: There were 97 men (55.1%) and 79 women(44.9%), whose median age was 67.5 years (range, 33-99 years). The median operating time for patients who underwent LAC was 216 minutes (range, 70-440). The median blood loss was 60 ml (range 10-610 ml). Intra- and postoperative complicacomplications occurred in 3 (1.7%) and 16 patients (9.1%), respectively. The morbidity rate of patients was 0%. The overall survival rates for 3 years were 100.0%, 97.5%, 95.9%, 90.1% and 77.9% for stages 0,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲa and Ⅲb, respectively. The relapse-free survival rates for 3 years were 100.0%, 100.0%, 90.1%, 65.7% and 62.3% for stages 0, Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲa and Ⅲb, respectively. Conclusion: This study confirmed the favorable short-and midterm operative results in patients who underwent LAC

Amplified EPOR/JAK2 Genes Define a Unique Subtype of Acute Erythroid Leukemia

ゲノム解析から急性赤白血病の変異プロファイルと治療標的を解明 --特定の遺伝子変異群の組み合わせと、特徴となる遺伝子の増幅が鍵--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-05.Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a unique subtype of acute myeloid leukemia characterized by prominent erythroid proliferation whose molecular basis is poorly understood. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of erythroid proliferation, we analyzed 121 AEL using whole-genome/exome and/or targeted-capture sequencing, together with transcriptome analysis of 21 AEL samples. Combining publicly available sequencing data, we found a high frequency of gains/amplifications involving EPOR/JAK2 in TP53-mutated cases, particularly those having >80% erythroblasts designated as pure erythroid leukemia (10/13). These cases were frequently accompanied by gains/amplifications of ERG/ETS2 and associated with a very poor prognosis, even compared with other TP53-mutated AEL. In addition to activation of the STAT5 pathway, a common feature across all AEL cases, these AEL cases exhibited enhanced cell proliferation and heme metabolism and often showed high sensitivity to ruxolitinib in vitro and in xenograft models, highlighting a potential role of JAK2 inhibition in therapeutics of AEL

Clinical impact of the loss of chromosome 7q on outcomes of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

We conducted a nationwide retrospective study to evaluate the prognostic influence of +1, der(1;7)(q10;p10) [hereafter der(1;7)] and ?7/del(7q) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for de novo myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). In this database, 69 MDS patients with der(1;7), 75 with ?7/del(7q), and 511 with normal karyotype (NK) underwent allo-HSCT at advanced disease status. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) were 50.4 and 19.4% for those with der(1;7), 36.2 and 38.4% for ?7/del(7q),and 51.1 and 20.7% for NK, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the presence of ?7/del(7q) correlated with a significantly shorter OS (HR [95% CI], 1.38 [1.00?1.89]; P = 0.048) and higher CIR (HR, 2.11 [1.36?3.28]; P = 0.001) than those with NK. There were 23 patients with der(1;7), 29 with ?7/del(7q), and 347 with NK who underwent allo-HSCT at early disease status.The 3-year OS and CIR were as follows: 47.3 and 9.5% for the der(1;7) group, 70.5 and 13.8% for ?7/del(7q), and 70.9 and 5.6% for NK,respectively. No significant differences were observed in OS and CIR among three groups. The impact of the loss of chromosome 7q on OS and CIR may differ based on its type and disease status after allo-HSCT for MDS

Research on Second Careers of Female Athletes ～Female athletes desired by companies～

本研究は、女性アスリートのセカンドキャリアについての研究である。アメリカのアスリートの環境と違い、日本の女性アスリートを取り巻くスポーツ環境は十分なものとはいえない。現在の女性スポーツの問題点をまとめると、男子アスリートよりさらに厳しいセカンドキャリア問題、現役時代の男子スポーツとの年棒などの経済格差、性の対象となる注目度、女性アスリートにLGBTQ 問題が多いなどの偏見や差別などがあげられる。 　その中でもセカンドキャリアの問題は特に深刻である。今日までのスポーツ選手のキャリアに関する研究では、アスリート側のみが研究され、実際に引退後の女性アスリートを採用する一般企業等に関する調査・分析を行う研究は行われてこなかった。そこで本研究では企業側の実情を明らかにし、女性アスリートのセカンドキャリア問題解決を目指した。 　研究方法は、女性アスリートがキャリアトランジッションする一般企業にWEB アンケート調査を行い、約1800社から回答を得た。どのような人材が必要とされるかを抽出し、日本のみならず世界のビジネスシーンが望むビジネススキルと比較分析を行った。その結果、企業が望む女性アスリート人材には、アスリートの経験を活かした創造性、独創性、イニシアチブ、リーダーシップと社会的影響などの要素に期待することが明らかになった。そして、世界のビジネス環境の変化に対応していくために、戦略的学習力（ラーニングストラテジー）といったビジネススキルの習得が、今後の女性アスリートの強みにもつながることが予想されると考察した。 　女性アスリートの引退後の社会進出を研究し、今後は成功事例であるアメリカの実情と比較研究や男性アスリートのセカンドキャリア研究、そして指導者のセカンドキャリア意識調査等の調査・研究は、女性社会進出の糸口を掴み、ひいては、我が国の女性社会活躍を後押しし、女性スポーツ全体の発展につながることが期待される。【査読なし】departmental bulletin pape

Identification of a Novel Benzoxazolone Derivative as a Selective, Orally Active 18 kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO) Ligand

Optimization of the pharmacokinetic properties for a series of benzoxazolone derivatives led to the identification of <b>9b</b>, which showed anxiolytic effect in a rat model. However, <b>9b</b>, like known benzodiazepines, induced motor impairment. Investigation into the cause of this unexpected side effect and management of <b>9b</b> off-target binding affinity led to the identification of <b>10d</b>, which showed oral anxiolytic effect in the rat model with improved safety profile

Prediction of bimodal monsoonal rainfall in the central dry zone of Myanmar using teleconnections with global sea surface temperatures

U središnjem dijelu sušne zone Mianmara prosječna je godišnja količina oborine manja od 1000 mm. Poljoprivreda se ondje uobičajeno oslanja na dostupnost oborinske vode te je ona stoga značajno ugrožena njenim velikim oscilacijama i čestim pojavama sušnih godina. Mjesečna raspodjela oborine ima bimodalni karakter. Obilježje intenz­iteta monsunske oborine od svibnja do listopada je pojava dvaju maksimuma: rani (svibanj–lipanj) i kasni (kolovoz–listopad) koji su razdvojeni među-monsunom (srpanj). Upravljanje poljoprivredom koja se oslanja na oborinu je problematično zbog povratnih perioda sušnih i vlažnih godina. Postoji vrlo slaba korelacija između rane i kasne mon­sunske oborine (r = −0,257). Međutim, uočava se daljinska povezanost monsunske oborine s površinskim temperaturama mora (SST) određenih područja Tihog oceana. Nadalje, postoji i povezanost između rane monsunske, među-monsunske i kasne monsunske obo­rine i SST-a određenih područja Indijskog oceana i Atlantskog oceana s odmakom od 6 do 9 mjeseci. Koristili smo Elmanov model umjetne neuronske mreže za predviđanje rane monsunske, među-monsunske i kasne monsunske oborine na temelju daljinske poveza­nosti sa SST-em Indijskog i Atlantskog oceanu s pomakom od 6 do 9 mjeseci. Koeficijent korelacije između predviđene i opažene količine oborine premašio je 0,7 u sva tri slučaja.In the central dry zone of Myanmar, the mean annual rainfall is less than 1000 mm. Although rainfed agriculture is commonly practiced there, the feasibility of rainfed farming is compromised by the large fluctuations of rainfall and the frequent occurrence of dry years. The monthly distribution of rainfall follows a bimodal pattern. The intensity of the monsoonal rainfall from May to October is characterized by two peaks, an early peak (May-June) and a late peak (August–October), separated by the inter-monsoon (July). The return times of dry and wet years make management of rainfed agriculture problematic. There is very little correlation between the early and late monsoonal rainfall (r=–0.257). However, monsoonal rainfall is teleconnected to sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in certain areas of the Pacific Ocean in real time. Furthermore, at lag times of 6–9 months, there are teleconnections between the early monsoonal, inter-monsoonal, and late monsoonal rainfall and SSTs in certain areas of the Indian Ocean and Atlantic Ocean. We used an Elman artificial neural network model to predict early monsoonal, inter-monsoonal, and late monsoonal rainfall based on teleconnections with SSTs in the Indian and Atlantic oceans 6–9 months before the rainfall occurred. The correlation coefficient between the predicted and observed rainfall exceeded 0.7 in all three cases