Offline Signature Verification based on Euclidean distance using Support Vector Machine

In this project, a support vector machine is developed for identity verification of offline signature based on the matrices derived through Euclidean distance. A set of signature samples are collected from 35 different people. Each person gives his 15 different copies of signature and then these signature samples are scanned to have softcopy of them to train SVM. These scanned signature images are then subjected to a number of image enhancement operations like binarization, complementation, filtering, thinning, edge detection and rotation. On the basis of 15 original signature copies from each individual, Euclidean distance is calculated. And every tested image is compared with the range of Euclidean distance. The values from the ED are fed to the support vector machine which draws a hyper plane and classifies the signature into original or forged based on a particular feature value

Methane-Carbon Dioxide: Conversions to Syngas and Hydrocarbons

This monograph describes the new innovation that has recently been developed for the CH4-CO2 conversions process. Optimization of CO2 reforming of methane to synthesis gas with the help of experimental design, empirical modeling and ANN modeling are developed for CORM in presence of oxygen. An overview on dynamic equilibrium analysis has shown that an increase of sweep factors induced more significant enhancement hydrogen permeation than permselective area. The NiO/CeO2 catalyst showed potential as catalyst for the CORM. The application of a hybrid catalytic DBD plasma reactor has the potential for the co-generation of C2+ hydrocarbons and synthesis gases from methane and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide as co-feed has important effects on the carbon suppression. It can be concluded that three factors, i.e. CH4/CO2 feed ratio, total feed flow rate, and discharge voltage, in the DBD plasma reactor system have significant effects on the reactor performance. The hybrid catalytic DBD plasma reactor is more suitable for CO2 OCM process than the conventional catalytic reactor over CaO-MnO/CeO2 catalyst. Further innovation and improvement of current research on CH4 and CO2 are required to increase conversion and selectivity and to commercialize the process

Marketing Strategy for Chinese Market to Increase Room Occupancies at The Plataran Ubud Hotel

Nowadays, Chinese tourists dominate Indonesian tourism, an increase in the number of Chinese tourists visiting Bali is quite significant every year. The marketing method that focuses on the Chinese market is still not maximized. This is evidenced by a decrease in the number of Chinese tourists visits. Even now the room occupancy rate targeted by Plataran Hotel Ubud has not yet reached the desired target. The urgency of this research is a degradation in the volume of sales of rooms at Hotel Plataran Ubud, which causes a derivation in the quantity of tourist visits which results in a decrease in employment for the community. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, document studies and questionnaires. The data analysis technique is using qualitative descriptive analysis, IFAS EFAS and SWOT analysis. The results of this study are to produce the right marketing strategy used in increasing the sales volume of hotel rooms at the Ubud Plataran Hotel

Construction of Kedisan Pier to Increase Tourist Visits and Water Quality in Lake Batur, Bali

Kedisan Pier gives a new feel of traveling in Batur, with a concept like a pier in South Korea, but also provides views of Lake Batur and Mount Batur simultaneously. Tourists not only visit restaurants, hot springs, hikes, and stay overnight but can also visit the Kedisan Pier Area. The increase in tourist visits influences the condition of water quality in Lake Batur. This study aims to determine the influence of the construction of Kedisan Pier on tourist visits and the quality of Lake Batur water. This study used a purposive sampling method; sampling was carried out at three points representing settlements and agriculture, water bodies/middle of lakes, and dock. The samples were tested for pH and temperature in the field and COD parameters in the laboratory. Furthermore, these three parameters are compared with Class 1 lake water quality standards in Government Regulation 22 of 2021. Based on the results, it is known that the pH and COD in the three locations exceed the class 1 water quality standard, which is 10 mg / L. pH in the range of 9.2 – 9.5. Increased COD concentration compared to the quality standard at point 1 by 127%; Point 2 is 82%, and Point 3 is 144%. Domestic activities cause the high pH and COD values at these three points—the highest COD value in the Kedisan Pier area. The construction of Kedisan Pier impacts the increasing number of tourists but also causes a decrease in Lake Batur's water quality. Based on this, human awareness is needed to increase tourism while maintaining the quality of waters for the future benefit of humans, flora, and fauna. In addition, further research needs to be carried out using other microbiological and chemical parameters to see the quality of Lake Batur waters

Penerapan Dam Lp (Lepas Pantai) Menuju Indonesia Bebas Banjir Rob, Pembangkit Energi Alternatif dan Penyedia Air Tawar Bagi Kawasan Daerah Pesisir Indonesia

With the increasing volume of sea water due to global climate change in the coastal area is very prone to rob (flood). Indonesian mainland will automatically narrowed since eroded by sea water which swept the coast. Construction of a structure to prevent it are necessary. So dam offshore is the right solution to reduce the problem of marine activities which lead to the reduction of the Indonesian mainland. In addition this structure also has a variety of functions, among others, is a provider of fresh water and alternative energy generation for coastal communities. Application of offshore dam would improve the welfare of people, especially in the coastal areas of Indonesia

The alignment of galaxy spin with the shear field in observations

Tidal torque theory suggests that galaxies gain angular momentum in the linear stage of structure formation. Such a theory predicts alignments between the spin of haloes and tidal shear field. However, non-linear evolution and angular momentum acquisition may alter this prediction significantly. In this paper, we use a reconstruction of the cosmic shear field from observed peculiar velocities combined with spin axes extracted from galaxies within $115\, \mathrm{Mpc}$ ($\sim8000 \, {\mathrm {km}}{\mathrm s}^{-1}$) from 2MRS catalog, to test whether or not galaxies appear aligned with principal axes of shear field. Although linear reconstructions of the tidal field have looked at similar issues, this is the first such study to examine galaxy alignments with velocity-shear field. Ellipticals in the 2MRS sample, show a statistically significant alignment with two of the principal axes of the shear field. In general, elliptical galaxies have their short axis aligned with the axis of greatest compression and perpendicular to the axis of slowest compression. Spiral galaxies show no signal. Such an alignment is significantly strengthened when considering only those galaxies that are used in velocity field reconstruction. When examining such a subsample, a weak alignment with the axis of greatest compression emerges for spiral galaxies as well. This result indicates that although velocity field reconstructions still rely on fairly noisy and sparse data, the underlying alignment with shear field is strong enough to be visible even when small numbers of galaxies are considered - especially if those galaxies are used as constraints in the reconstruction.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted in MNRA

Transposable element-mediated rearrangements are prevalent in human genomes.

Transposable elements constitute about half of human genomes, and their role in generating human variation through retrotransposition is broadly studied and appreciated. Structural variants mediated by transposons, which we call transposable element-mediated rearrangements (TEMRs), are less well studied, and the mechanisms leading to their formation as well as their broader impact on human diversity are poorly understood. Here, we identify 493 unique TEMRs across the genomes of three individuals. While homology directed repair is the dominant driver of TEMRs, our sequence-resolved TEMR resource allows us to identify complex inversion breakpoints, triplications or other high copy number polymorphisms, and additional complexities. TEMRs are enriched in genic loci and can create potentially important risk alleles such as a deletion in TRIM65, a known cancer biomarker and therapeutic target. These findings expand our understanding of this important class of structural variation, the mechanisms responsible for their formation, and establish them as an important driver of human diversity

Formulation and evaluation of antimicrobial herbosomal gel from Quercus infectoria extract

Nowadays, the use of herbal medicine is gaining importance for treating many diseases due to their significant effect and lesser side effects as compared to allopathic medicines. Phytosomal herbal formulations or herbosomes are better absorbed and produce better bioavailability than the conventional botanical extracts. Hence, this study is conducted to formulate the herbosomal gel from QI galls ethanolic extract. The QI gall was extracted using ethanol giving the percentage of yield 17%. For the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis, it was revealed that the QI galls extract contains large amount of tannic acid (1794.18 mg/g) and small amount of gallic acid (76.22 mg/g). The formulation consists of 1.0% of Carbopol 940 were found to be the best formulation since it shows good physicochemical properties. pH value was 6.31 while the viscosity was 3482.3144 cps. Formulated gel showed good stability after 21 days of formulation by not showing significance changes in pH value, viscosity and spreadability. Disc diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity and the results showed the inhibition zone for P. aeruginosa was greater than S. aureus. As conclusion, the QI galls extract formulated herbosomes was showed promising results to be developed as a new antibacterial gel formulation

Predictive value of updating framingham risk scores with novel risk markers in the U.S. general population

Background: According to population-based cohort studies CT coronary calcium score (CTCS), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), high-sensitivity C- reactive protein (CRP), and ankle-brachial index (ABI) are promising novel risk markers for improving cardiovascular risk assessment. Their impact in the U.S. general population is however uncertain. Our aim was to estimate the predictive value of four novel cardiovascular risk markers for the U.S. general population. Methods and Findings: Risk profiles, CRP and ABI data of 3,736 asymptomatic subjects aged 40 or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 exam were used along with predicted CTCS and cIMT values. For each subject, we calculated 10-year cardiovascular risks with and without each risk marker. Event rates adjusted for competing risks were obtained by microsimulation. We assessed the impact of updated 10-year risk scores by reclassification and C-statistics. In the study population (mean age 56±11 years, 48% male), 70% (80%) were at low (<10%), 19% (14%) at intermediate (≥10-<20%), an