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In previous report, the hypothesis about the biocycle of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was discussed. In that hypothesis, contamination of sea-water and subsoil by Vibrio parahaemolyticis will be occured by folling out night-soil to sea water. When Vibrio parahemolyticus folled and reached to subsoil, at the bottom of the sea they get the pressre by the depth of sea water. In this report, we studied the effect of the presser by the depth of water to microbes. The ability of resistance to high pressure was studied, and the electron-microscopic structure under high pressure was observed. Critical pressure were ......... 2,000Kg/cm^2・150min., 2,500Kg/cm^2・60min., 3,000Kg/cm^2・30min., 3,500Kg/cm^2・15min., 4,000Kg/cm^2・10min., 5,000Kg/cm^2・5min., the electron-microscopic structure shown in Fig. 2-4. Tested microbes were isolated from night-soil, and the nature of them were identified with standerd strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus except the only nature of growthing in 1% pepton broth. They have pathologenecity for mice

サリチル酸中毒に関する研究(第I報) : サリチル酸長期投与ラットの臨床的観察

In this thesis we treat with the clinical effects of chronic toxicity in Wistar rats by 98-week oral administration experiments with salicylic acid. The results were as follows : (1) Inhibition of increase of body weight was observed in administered groups, especially in 0.1% level of salicylic acid. (2) A high incidence of tumors in lung, skin and lymphatic vessel was found in administered groups. (3) Effects of salicylic acid on the count of erythrocyte and leucocyte, and concentration of hemoglobin were not observed

サリチル酸中毒に関する研究(第II報) : サリチル酸長期投与ラットの病理学的研究

Intoxication of salicylic acid was experimented on Wister rats. The salicylic acid that dissolved in drinking water was administered to rats for 98 weeks. The experimental groups were administered each of salicylic acid solution in 0.025% (1st group), 0.1% (2nd group), 0.2% (3rd group). Part I (Takagi et al, 1973) reported on hematological, serological and biochemical approaches to this problem. The present paper is concerned with the gross anatomical and histopathological examination. Gross anatomically in lungs of half of the rats lesion by neoplasma was observed but no remarkable chenges in other organs. Histopathological examinations were as follows. ln most livers of the rats increased kuppffer\u27s cells, Inlarged sinusoid, affected nucleus in liver cells were seen. Half of the rats showed slight lipoid metamorphosis in spongiocytes of adrenal glands and some chenges in other organs

The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection

DOCK2 is involved in the host genetics and biology of severe COVID-19

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19疾患感受性遺伝子DOCK2の重症化機序を解明 --アジア最大のバイオレポジトリーでCOVID-19の治療標的を発見--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-10.Identifying the host genetic factors underlying severe COVID-19 is an emerging challenge. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 2, 393 cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of Japanese individuals collected during the initial waves of the pandemic, with 3, 289 unaffected controls. We identified a variant on chromosome 5 at 5q35 (rs60200309-A), close to the dedicator of cytokinesis 2 gene (DOCK2), which was associated with severe COVID-19 in patients less than 65 years of age. This risk allele was prevalent in East Asian individuals but rare in Europeans, highlighting the value of genome-wide association studies in non-European populations. RNA-sequencing analysis of 473 bulk peripheral blood samples identified decreased expression of DOCK2 associated with the risk allele in these younger patients. DOCK2 expression was suppressed in patients with severe cases of COVID-19. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (n = 61 individuals) identified cell-type-specific downregulation of DOCK2 and a COVID-19-specific decreasing effect of the risk allele on DOCK2 expression in non-classical monocytes. Immunohistochemistry of lung specimens from patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia showed suppressed DOCK2 expression. Moreover, inhibition of DOCK2 function with CPYPP increased the severity of pneumonia in a Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by weight loss, lung oedema, enhanced viral loads, impaired macrophage recruitment and dysregulated type I interferon responses. We conclude that DOCK2 has an important role in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19, and could be further explored as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target

Practical Grammar Compression Based on Maximal Repeats

This study presents an analysis of RePair, which is a grammar compression algorithm known for its simple scheme, while also being practically effective. First, we show that the main process of RePair, that is, the step by step substitution of the most frequent symbol pairs, works within the corresponding most frequent maximal repeats. Then, we reveal the relation between maximal repeats and grammars constructed by RePair. On the basis of this analysis, we further propose a novel variant of RePair, called MR-RePair, which considers the one-time substitution of the most frequent maximal repeats instead of the consecutive substitution of the most frequent pairs. The results of the experiments comparing the size of constructed grammars and execution time of RePair and MR-RePair on several text corpora demonstrate that MR-RePair constructs more compact grammars than RePair does, especially for highly repetitive texts