Communication and interactions in cloud platform subtitling

This article explores recent developments in freelance subtitling work within the audio-visual translation (AVT) industry. During the 2010s, many LSPs operating globally moved their provision of paid, professional subtitling services to cloud platforms, and I argue that such platforms, while capable of generating collaborative environments, enact information patterns which weaken the communicative and collaborative aspects of production processes, while running the risk of compromising the quality of the subtitlers' position.Aquest article explora l'actual desenvolupament del treball autònom de subtitulació dins la indústria de la traducció audiovisual (TAV). Durant la dècada de 2010, molts proveïdors de serveis lingüístics (PSL) que operen a nivell internacional han traslladat la seva prestació de serveis de subtitulació professionals de pagament a plataformes al núvol (Sakamoto, 2018). El nostre objectiu és argumentar que aquestes plataformes, tot i que són capaces de generar entorns col·laboratius, adopten patrons de comunicació i informació que debiliten els aspectes col·laboratius dels processos de producció, amb el risc de comprometre la qualitat del càrrec dels subtituladors.Este artículo explora los cambios recientes que ha experimentado el trabajo de los subtituladores autónomos dentro de la industria de la traducción audiovisual. Durante la década de 2010, muchos proveedores de servicios lingüísticos que operan a nivel internacional han trasladado sus servicios de subtitulación profesional remunerada a plataformas en la nube (Sakamoto, 2018). Me propongo argumentar que estas plataformas, si bien generan entornos de colaboración, adoptan pautas de comunicación e información que menoscaban los aspectos colaborativos de los procesos de producción, lo cual puede comprometer el papel de los subtituladores en términos cualitativos

Tis21 is required for adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and for olfactory behavior regulating cyclins, BMP4, Hes1/5 and Ids.

Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and the Notch pathway regulate quiescence and self-renewal of stem cells of the subventricular zone (SVZ), an adult neurogenic niche. Here we analyze the role at the intersection of these pathways of Tis21 (Btg2/PC3), a gene regulating proliferation and differentiation of adult SVZ stem and progenitor cells. In Tis21-null SVZ and cultured neurospheres, we observed a strong decrease in the expression of BMP4 and its effectors Smad1/8, while the Notch anti-neural mediators Hes1/5 and the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) inhibitors Id1-3 increased. Consistently, expression of the proneural bHLH gene NeuroD1 decreased. Moreover, cyclins D1/2, A2, and E were strongly up-regulated. Thus, in the SVZ Tis21 activates the BMP pathway and inhibits the Notch pathway and the cell cycle. Correspondingly, the Tis21-null SVZ stem cells greatly increased; nonetheless, the proliferating neuroblasts diminished, whereas the post-mitotic neuroblasts paradoxically accumulated in SVZ, failing to migrate along the rostral migratory stream to the olfactory bulb. The ability, however, of neuroblasts to migrate from SVZ explants was not affected, suggesting that Tis21-null neuroblasts do not migrate to the olfactory bulb because of a defect in terminal differentiation. Notably, BMP4 addition or Id3 silencing rescued the defective differentiation observed in Tis21-null neurospheres, indicating that they mediate the Tis21 pro-differentiative action. The reduced number of granule neurons in the Tis21-null olfactory bulb led to a defect in olfactory detection threshold, without effect on olfactory memory, also suggesting that within olfactory circuits new granule neurons play a primary role in odor sensitivity rather than in memory. © 2014 Farioli-Vecchioli, Ceccarelli, Saraulli, Micheli, Cannas, D'Alessandro, Scardigli, Leonardi, Cina', Costanzi, Mattera, Cestari and Tirone.Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and the Notch pathway regulate quiescence and self-renewal of stem cells of the subventricular zone (SVZ), an adult neurogenic niche. Here we analyze the role at the intersection of these pathways of Tis21 (Btg2/PC3), a gene regulating proliferation and differentiation of adult SVZ stem and progenitor cells. In Tis21-null SVZ and cultured neurospheres, we observed a strong decrease in the expression of BMP4 and its effectors Smad1/8, while the Notch anti-neural mediators Hes1/5 and the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) inhibitors Id1-3 increased. Consistently, expression of the proneural bHLH gene NeuroD1 decreased. Moreover, cyclins D1/2, A2, and E were strongly up-regulated. Thus, in the SVZ Tis21 activates the BMP pathway and inhibits the Notch pathway and the cell cycle. Correspondingly, the Tis21-null SVZ stem cells greatly increased; nonetheless, the proliferating neuroblasts diminished, whereas the post-mitotic neuroblasts paradoxically accumulated