Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité?: how different conceptions of laïcité and threat perception motivate dehumanization of Muslims and vote choices among (ir)religious majorities in France

The present study analyzed the effect of a Historical form of Laïcité (more inclusive), and a Newer form of Laïcité (more restrictive), on intergroup relations in France. Precisely, it assessed how exposure to different forms of laïcité impacts threat perception for the (ir)religious majorities (Atheists and Catholics), blatant and subtle dehumanization towards Muslims, and behavioral intention to vote for an inclusive president. Participants (N = 182) were randomly assigned to one of the three conditions (Historical Laïcité, New Laïcité or a control condition). Results indicated that both Historical and New forms of Laïcité can increase different levels of blatant dehumanization, and both equally decreased Catholic’s behavioral intention to vote for an inclusive president. Also, symbolic threat appeared to be a strong predictor of subtle and blatant dehumanization towards Muslims, and behavioral intention to vote for an inclusive candidate. Finally, our results revealed an implication of (ir)religious identification in blatant and subtle forms of dehumanization and perception of threat: Atheists (vs. catholics) seem to dehumanize more blatantly, Catholics (vs. Atheists) seem to dehumanize more subtly, and Catholics (vs. Atheists) seem to experience more symbolic and anxiety threat from Muslims.O presente estudo analisou o efeito de uma forma de Laicidade Histórica (mais inclusiva), e de uma forma de Laicidade Nova (mais restritiva) nas relações intergrupais em França. Especificamente, analisou-se se a exposição a diferentes formas de Laicidade afeta a perceção de ameaça intergrupal das maiorias religiosas/não religiosas (ateus e católicos), assim como a expressão de formas flagrantes e subtis de desumanização dos muçulmanos, e a intenção de voto a favor de um presidente inclusivo. Os participantes (N = 182) foram aleatoriamente distribuídos por três condições experimentais (i.e., Laicidade Histórica, Nova Laicidade, condição de controle). Os resultados indicam que, quer a Laicidade Histórica, quer a Nova Laicidade podem aumentar os níveis de desumanização flagrante, e que ambas diminuem a intenção de voto dos Católicos num candidato inclusivo. Além disso, a ameaça simbólica constitui um preditor forte da desumanização subtil e flagrante dos muçulmanos, e da intenção de voto num presidente inclusivo. Finalmente, os resultados mostram uma implicação da identificação (ir)religiosa nas duas formas de desumanização a na perceção de ameaça: os ateus (vs. católicos) parecem desumanizar de forma mais flagrante, já os católicos (vs. ateus) parecem desumanizar mais de forma mais subtil e experimentam mais ameaça simbólica e ansiedade face aos muçulmanos

Lima festeja a la Inmaculada (1656): texto criollo y poderes urbanos

Este artículo analiza las fiestas a la Inmaculada que se celebraron en Lima en 1656 a partir de la relación festiva escrita por Diego de León Pinelo Gutiérrez. Este texto criollo reinterpreta en clave barroca la devoción inmaculista de la ciudad de Los Reyes. A través de él se estudian los prolongados festejos que contaron con la participación de las instituciones y corporaciones de poder más representativas de la ciudad y movilizaron considerables recursos y personas. Así, esta relación se concibe como una exaltación política y religiosa de la ciudad de Lima, propia del género festivo y de la literatura corográfica, que se conecta también con el naciente discurso criollo.Analysis of the festivities of the Immaculate Conception celebrated in Lima in 1656, from the account written by Diego de León Pinelo Gutiérrez. This Creole text reinterprets in baroque terms the cult of the Immaculate Conception in the City of Kings. Through it we can study these lengthy festivals, which involved the participation of the city’s most important institutions and corporate bodies, mobilizing considerable resources and people. Thus, the text is conceived as a political and religious exaltation of the city of Lima, typical of the festive genre and of the chorographic literature, which also connects with the emerging Creole discourse

Dynamic Model-based Management of Service-Oriented Infrastructure.

Models are an effective tool for systems and software design. They allow software architects to abstract from the non-relevant details. Those qualities are also useful for the technical management of networks, systems and software, such as those that compose service oriented architectures. Models can provide a set of well-defined abstractions over the distributed heterogeneous service infrastructure that enable its automated management. We propose to use the managed system as a source of dynamically generated runtime models, and decompose management processes into a composition of model transformations. We have created an autonomic service deployment and configuration architecture that obtains, analyzes, and transforms system models to apply the required actions, while being oblivious to the low-level details. An instrumentation layer automatically builds these models and interprets the planned management actions to the system. We illustrate these concepts with a distributed service update operation

Publicidad y libertad en el matrimonio: autoridad paterna y dispensa de amonestaciones en Lima, 1600-1650

Se estudian las causas que llevaron a pedir dispensa de amonestaciones ante el tribunal eclesiástico de Lima a pesar de ser un requisito tan claramente explicitado por Trento? En este trabajo se hace una aproximación a aquellas relacionadas con la coerción ejercida sobre los novios por parte de sus padres y parientes. Esta primera aproximación al tema nos permite afirmar que la mayor parte de las veces, la oposición familiar vino motivada por el rechazo hacia un matrimonio socialmente «desigual»

La corte virreinal novohispana: el virrey y su casa, imágenes distantes del rey y su corte (s. XVII)

Análisis de la etiqueta de la corte virreina a partir de un documento único: las instrucciones privadas dadas al virrey de México, marqués de Montesclaros, por el presidente del Consejo de Indias

Limitaciones legales al comercio transpacífico: actitud del virrey Montesclaros

En 1582, cuando el establecimiento de una vía directa entre Perú y Filipinas era ya una realidad prometedora, Felipe II prohibió esta contratación por temor a que la salida de la plata rumbo a Oriente disminuyera los envíos de metales preciosos a la metrópoli. El trabajo se centra en el análisis de la reiterada prohibición de este comercio interprovincial durante el siglo XVII, con especial atención a la resistencia que tal norma encontró en la sociedad perulera e incluso entre los propios representantes de la monarquía en el virreinato. Todo ello propició el incumplimiento de la ley y la pervivencia en este siglo y el siguiente, hasta la reforma de 1794, de un contrabando regular que permitía la entrada habitual en el Perú de productos asiáticos, muy demandados en la principales ciudades del virreinato andino

An Autonomous Engine for Services Configuration and Deployment.

The runtime management of the infrastructure providing service-based systems is a complex task, up to the point where manual operation struggles to be cost effective. As the functionality is provided by a set of dynamically composed distributed services, in order to achieve a management objective multiple operations have to be applied over the distributed elements of the managed infrastructure. Moreover, the manager must cope with the highly heterogeneous characteristics and management interfaces of the runtime resources. With this in mind, this paper proposes to support the configuration and deployment of services with an automated closed control loop. The automation is enabled by the definition of a generic information model, which captures all the information relevant to the management of the services with the same abstractions, describing the runtime elements, service dependencies, and business objectives. On top of that, a technique based on satisfiability is described which automatically diagnoses the state of the managed environment and obtains the required changes for correcting it (e.g., installation, service binding, update, or configuration). The results from a set of case studies extracted from the banking domain are provided to validate the feasibility of this propos