Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling and polarization-coupled luminescence in an organic single crystal microcavity

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of light plays a fundamental photophysics that is important for various fields such as materials science, optics, and quantum technology, contributing to the elucidation of new physical phenomena and the development of innovative applications. In this study, we investigate the impact of SOC in a microcavity system using the highly oriented molecular crystal. The unique molecular alignment of our crystal creates substantial optical anisotropy, enabling the observation of significant SOC effects within a microcavity form. Through angle-resolved photoluminescence measurements and theoretical calculations, the presence of Rashba-Dresselhaus (RD) SOC in the lower branch of polariton modes is revealed. We have observed for the first time polarization-coupled emission from polariton modes due to the RD-SOC effect in a microcavity with a medium having both strong light-matter coupling and strong optical anisotropy. Theoretical investigations further elucidate the intricate interplay between the RD-SOC effect and anisotropic light-matter coupling, leading to the emergence of both circularly and diagonally polarized mode splittings. This study not only advances our understanding of optical SOC in microcavities but also highlights the potential of highly oriented molecular crystals in manipulating SOC effects without external electric or magnetic fields. These findings offer greatly promising platforms for developing topological photonics and quantum technologies

Polarization superposition of room-temperature polariton condensation

Abstract A methodology for forming a qubit state is essential for quantum applications of room temperature polaritons. While polarization degree of freedom is expected as a possible means for this purpose, the coupling of linearly polarized polariton condensed states has been still a challenging issue. In this study, we show a polarization superposition of a polariton condensed states in an all-inorganic perovskite microcavity at room temperature. We achieved the energy resonance of the two orthogonally polarized polariton modes with the same number of antinodes by exploiting the blue shift of the polariton condensed state. The polarization coupling between the condensed states results in a polarization switching in the polariton lasing emission. The orthorhombic crystal structure of the perovskite active layer and/or a slight off-axis orientation of the perovskite crystal axis from the normal direction of microcavity plane enables the interaction between the two orthogonally polarized states. These observations suggest the use of polariton polarization states as a promising room temperature quantum technology

Polarization superposition of room-temperature polariton condensation

A methodology for forming a qubit state is essential for quantum applications of room temperature polaritons. While polarization degree of freedom is expected as a possible means for this purpose, the coupling of linearly polarized polariton condensed states has been still a challenging issue. In this study, we show a polarization superposition of a polariton condensed states in an all-inorganic perovskite microcavity at room temperature. We realized the energy resonance of the two orthogonally polarized polariton modes with the same number of antinodes by exploiting the blue shift of the polariton condensed state. The polarization coupling between the condensed states results in a polarization switching in the polariton lasing emission. The orthorhombic crystal structure of the perovskite active layer and/or a slight off-axis orientation of the perovskite crystal axis from the normal direction of microcavity plane enable the interaction between the two orthogonally polarized states. These observations demonstrate a great promise of polariton as a room temperature qubit technology

Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling and polarization-coupled luminescence in an organic single crystal microcavity

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of light plays a fundamental photophysics that is important for various fields such as materials science, optics, and quantum technology, contributing to the elucidation of new physical phenomena and the development of innovative applications. In this study, we investigate the impact of SOC in a microcavity system using the highly oriented molecular crystal. The unique molecular alignment of our crystal creates substantial optical anisotropy, enabling the observation of significant SOC effects within a microcavity form. Through angle-resolved photoluminescence measurements and theoretical calculations, the presence of Rashba-Dresselhaus (RD) SOC in the lower branch of polariton modes is revealed. We have observed for the first time polarization-coupled emission from polariton modes due to the RD-SOC effect in a microcavity with a medium having both strong light-matter coupling and strong optical anisotropy. Theoretical investigations further elucidate the intricate interplay between the RD-SOC effect and anisotropic light-matter coupling, leading to the emergence of both circularly and diagonally polarized mode splittings. This study not only advances our understanding of optical SOC in microcavities but also highlights the potential of highly oriented molecular crystals in manipulating SOC effects without external electric or magnetic fields. These findings offer greatly promising platforms for developing topological photonics and quantum technologies

Direct comparison of 3 PCR methods in detecting EGFR mutations in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are predictive of response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in NSCLC. Several methods have been used to detect EGFR mutations; however, it is not clear which is the most suitable for use in the clinic. In this study, we directly compare the clinical sensitivity and specificity of 3 PCR methods. We compared the 3 PCR methods (mutant-enriched PCR, PNA-LNA PCR, and PCR clamp) in patients with advanced NSCLC. A patient who showed sensitive mutations by at least 1 PCR method was treated with gefitinib. A patient who showed no sensitive mutations was treated with chemotherapy with cytotoxic agents. Fifty patients with advanced NSCLC previously untreated with EGFR-TKIs were enrolled in this trial. Seventeen patients were harboring EGFR mutations, 5 of whom showed discrepancies between the results of different PCR methods. All 5 patients responded to gefitinib. All patients harboring EGFR mutations received gefitinib treatment and 21 of 33 EGFR-mutation-negative patients received chemotherapy with cytotoxic agents. Median progression-free survival of the gefitinib group and the chemotherapy group were 8.2 and 5.9 months, respectively. We considered that all the discrepancies might be false negatives because the patients responded to gefitinib. To clarify the reason for the false negatives of each PCR method, and establish the clinical sensitivity and specificity of each PCR method, a large prospective clinical trial is warranted