54 research outputs found

    Wavelets and Binary Coalescences Detection

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    International audienceGravitational waves generated by coalescing binary systems of neutron stars or black holes are expected to behave like chirps, i.e. amplitude and frequency modulated signals, buried into strongly correlated noise, with very low signal to noise ratio. This note presents a wavelet based algorithm for on line processing and detection of such signals, from interferometric detectors which are currently being constructed , and discusses a few examples. The details of the method and more complete simulations can be found in [6]. The detection of gravitational waves, predicted by general relativity but never observed so far, is a major challenge in today's experimental physics. Several projects are currently being developed, among which one may quote the LIGO [1], GEO [4] and VIRGO [2] laser in-terferometric detectors. Among the potential sources for gravitational waves, the most promising are presumably pulsars, and coalesc-ing binary systems of black holes or neutron stars. Such systems are expected to produce " simple " signals, for which available models are considered reliable. We focus here on the case of coalescing binary systems. The corresponding gravitational waves take the form of chirps, i.e. amplitude and frequency modulated signals. The detection problem may be formulated as follows. The signal takes the form f (x) = h ξ (x − x 0) + n(x) (1

    Datation des calcites et des grĂšs de Fontainebleau : une remise Ă  plat de l'Ăąge des silicifications des terrains tertiaires du Bassin.de Paris

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    National audienceLa mise en lumiĂšre du rĂŽle des pĂ©riodes froides dans les mĂ©canismes de prĂ©cipitation de la silice permet de proposer un modĂšle de silicification unique, homogĂšne et cohĂ©rent pour toutes les silicifications du Bassin de Paris : grĂšs, calcaires silicifiĂ©s et meumiĂšres. Ce modĂšle doit ĂȘtre envisagĂ© bien au-delĂ  du Bassin de Paris, nombre de silicifications des formations tertiaires d’Europe, d’AmĂ©rique du nord et de rĂ©gions altitudinales plus mĂ©ridionales ( ?) mĂ©ritent d’ĂȘtre revisitĂ©es avec un Ɠil neuf

    Importance Des Produits Forestiers Non Ligneux Medicinaux D’origine Vegetale Et Impacts Des Activites Anthropiques Sur Leur Durabilite Dans Le Sud-Ouest De La Republique Centrafricaine

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    The forest in the south-west of the Central African Republic has enormous potential for non-timber forest products (NTFPs) of plant origin. The objective of this study is to identify the medicinal value of these NTFPs of plant origin with high health potential and the effects of human activities on their sustainability. The study was carried out in 09 villages in the intervention zone of the Kadéi Forestry Company. From various methodological approaches (ethno botanical survey, participant observation, inventory technique), data were collected, processed and analysed. From the results obtained 91 non-wood medicinal plant species belonging to 29 families and to one large systematic group, the Magnoliophytes were identified. These species represent a means of therapeutic remedies used by 91% of surveyed populations to treat many diseases, symptoms and infections. Tree barks (43.26%) and leaves (39.21%) are the most commonly harvested organs. The variables collected related to the types of uses allowed to identify 19 priority NTFPs medicinal and underline the process of degradation of 7 important NTFPs. This degradation is mainly due to the way in which the natural resource is harvested, causing a large number of non- woody medicinal plant species to become rare. The definition of strategies based on ecological and socioeconomic harvesting techniques of NTFPs are solutions to ensure sustainable management of these products for the benefit of future generations

    AbcÚs froid dorsolombaire révélant un mal de Pott

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    Les abcĂšs froids tuberculeux reprĂ©sentent une forme rare et inhabituelle de tuberculose extra pulmonaire. Nous rapportons un cas d’abcĂšs froid dorsolombaire rĂ©vĂ©lant un mal de Pott sans complications neurologiques chez un patient de 27 ans, prĂ©sentant depuis 05 mois une tumĂ©faction dorsolombaire gauche. L’examen du prĂ©lĂšvement Ă  l’issu d’une incision et drainage de l’abcĂšs a permis de confirmer l’origine tuberculeuse. Un traitement antituberculeux de 12 mois permettait une guĂ©rison avec une sĂ©quelle Ă  type de gibbositĂ© modĂ©rĂ©e.Mots clĂ©s: AbcĂšs froid, mal de Pott, osteoarticulaire, spondylodiscite, tuberculoseEnglish Title: Dorsolumbar cold abscess revealing Pott’s diseaseEnglish AbstractTuberculous cold abscesses are a rare and unusual form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We here report the case of a 27-year old patient with a 5-month history of left dorsolumbar swelling presenting with dorsolumbar cold abscess revealing Pott’s disease without neurological complications. Examination of pus sample collected at the time the abscess was incised and drained helped to confirm the diagnosis of cold abscesses of TB origin. The patient underwent 12 months of anti-tuberculosis treatment which lead to a faster recovery; the sequelae was slight gibbosity.Keywords: Cold abscess, Pott’s disease, osteoarticular, spondylodiscitis, tuberculosi

    Food Ration and Mental Training for the Improvement of the Free Throw Performance in Congolese Beginners Basketball Players

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    Objective: Through an experimental study, the present work aims at testing the effectiveness of diet and mental imagery on the success of free throw in Congolese beginners Basketball Players. Method: 45 players participated in this experimental study in Brazzaville (Congo) .These subjects were divided into 3 groups. Group I (n=15), made up of beginner Basketball players subjected to a balanced diet to the mental training and to the practice of throwing on the ground. Group II (n=15), made up of beginner basketball players from a local team subjected to mental training of the throw and food monitoring; Group III (n=15), beginner Basketball Players participating in the district competitions. The variables studied were: flexion of the legs (FL), body orientation (BO), the extension of the arms (EA), and the success of shots (SS). Results: The results indicate that the best progress was made by the players in Group I: + 67.7% for the squat, + 38% for the orientation of the body, + 45.7% for the extension of arm, and 83.7% for successful shots. Conclusion: In summary, mental rehearsal combined with a balanced diet facilitates the practice of physical and sporting activity and significantly improves learning and performance of athletes

    Stress, anxiété, dépression et qualité de vie des patients tuberculeux pharmacorésistants à Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo: Stress, anxiety, depression and quality of life of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

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    Contexte & objectif. La prise en charge mĂ©dicale de la tuberculose pharmacorĂ©sistante connaĂźt des progrĂšs dans le monde. Mais, le volet psychosocial a Ă©tĂ© peu explorĂ© en RĂ©publique DĂ©mocratique du Congo. La prĂ©sente Ă©tude a Ă©valuĂ© la qualitĂ© de vie des patients tuberculeux pharmacorĂ©sistants (PTP) suivis au Centre d’Excellence Damien (CEDA) Ă  Kinshasa. MĂ©thodes. L’échelle de stress perçu (PSS), l’Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) et l’Indicateur de SantĂ© Perceptuelle de NOTTINGHAM (ISPN) ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©s dans une Ă©tude transversale rĂ©alisĂ©e du 1er avril au 31 dĂ©cembre 2018 sur 81 PTP hospitalisĂ©s au CEDA de Kinshasa. La mĂ©thode de rĂ©gression logistique a recherchĂ© les dĂ©terminants de la qualitĂ© de vie. RĂ©sultats. Au cours de la pĂ©riode de l’étude, 81 PTP Ă©taient reçus dont 62 TB multirĂ©sistants (TB MR, 76,5%) contre 19 TB ultrarĂ©sistants (TBUR, 23,5%), constituant les deux groupes d’étude. L’ñge moyen des sujets Ă©tait de 34,7±14,3 ans. Les hommes Ă©taient lĂ©gĂšrement prĂ©pondĂ©rants (53 %) avec un sex ratio H/F de 1,1. La tranche d’ñge de 21 Ă  30 ans Ă©tait plus reprĂ©sentĂ©e (35%). Trois-quarts des sujets Ă©taient solitaires (75%), plus de deuxtiers avaient un niveau secondaire (69%), plus de la moitiĂ© n’avait pas d’occupation (56%), prĂšs de deux-tiers frĂ©quentaient les Eglises indĂ©pendantes (60%). Trente-cinq pourcents des patients avaient une mauvaise qualitĂ© de vie. Celle-ci Ă©tait liĂ©e Ă  l’ñge >40 ans, au type TBMR, au retard d’accompagnement psychosocial, au niveau d’étude primaire, Ă  la prĂ©sence de la co-infection tuberculoseVIH/SIDA, au stress perçu et Ă  l’anxiĂ©tĂ©-dĂ©pression. Conclusion. Les patients tuberculeux pharmacorĂ©sistants Ă  Kinshasa ont une qualitĂ© de vie altĂ©rĂ©e. Cette situation est favorisĂ©e par l’ñge >40 ans, le type de tuberculose pharmacorĂ©sistante, le retard d’accompagnement psychosocial, le faible niveau d’étude, la prĂ©sence de la coinfection tuberculose-VIH/SIDA, le stress perçu,  l’anxiĂ©tĂ© et la dĂ©pression.  Context and objective. Despite many progress in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis, psychosocial aspects remain poorly adressed in the Democratic Republic of Congo. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in hospitalized drug-resistant tuberculosis patients at CEDA Kinshasa, during the period from April 1 to December 31th, 2018, through the perceived stress scale (PSS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the NOTTINGHAM Health Profil (NHP) tools. Data from 62 multdrug rerestitant TB patients (MDR TB, 76,5%) were compared with 19 ultraresistant (PXDR, 23.5 %) and analyzed, using a multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the determinants of quality of life. Results. Among a total of 81 pharmaco-resistant TB patients, average age 34.7 ± 14.3 years, with a slight man preponderance (53 %), 35% had a poor quality of life. This was linked to age > 40 years, MDRTB type, delayed psychosocial support, primary education, the presence of TB/HIV co-infection, and perceived stress and anxiety-depression. Conclusion. The study reveals an impaired quality of life in Drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Kinshasa, with some identified correlates. Targeted measures are needed to improve the management of these patients

    DĂ©formation de Madelung Ă  propos d’un cas et revue de la littĂ©rature

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    La maladie de Madelung est une dĂ©formation du poignet due Ă  une atrophie de la partie mĂ©diale du cartilage de croissance distal du radius. Il en rĂ©sulte une subluxation antĂ©ro-mĂ©diale du carpe,limitant les amplitudes articulaires. Cette dysplasie osseuse est rare et reprĂ©sente 1,7% des anomalies congĂ©nitales. Les auteurs rapportent un cas bilatĂ©ral chez une fille de 21 ans. L’étude de cette observation nous a permis d’étudier la frĂ©quence, les signes et les moyens de son diagnostic ainsi que les mesures thĂ©rapeutiques adĂ©quates afin de pouvoir rĂ©pondre aux attentes des patientes.Pan African Medical Journal 2016; 2

    Divergent evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of cassava mosaic geminiviruses in Madagascar

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    Abstract Background Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Madagascar is caused by a complex of at least six African cassava mosaic geminivirus (CMG) species. This provides a rare opportunity for a comparative study of the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of distinct pathogenic crop-infecting viral species that coexist within the same environment. The genetic and spatial structure of CMG populations in Madagascar was studied and Bayesian phylogeographic modelling was applied to infer the origins of Madagascan CMG populations within the epidemiological context of related populations situated on mainland Africa and other south western Indian Ocean (SWIO) islands. Results The isolation and analysis of 279 DNA-A and 117 DNA-B sequences revealed the presence in Madagascar of four prevalent CMG species (South African cassava mosaic virus, SACMV; African cassava mosaic virus, ACMV; East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus, EACMKV; and East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus, EACMCV), and of numerous CMG recombinants that have, to date, only ever been detected on this island. SACMV and ACMV, the two most prevalent viruses, displayed low degrees of genetic diversity and have most likely been introduced to the island only once. By contrast, EACMV-like CMG populations (consisting of East African cassava mosaic virus, EAMCKV, EACMCV and complex recombinants of these) were more diverse, more spatially structured, and displayed evidence of at least three independent introductions from mainland Africa. Although there were no statistically supported virus movement events between Madagascar and the other SWIO islands, at least one mainland African ACMV variant likely originated in Madagascar. Conclusions Our study highlights both the complexity of CMD in Madagascar, and the distinct evolutionary and spatial dynamics of the different viral species that collectively are associated with this disease. Given that more distinct CMG species and recombinants have been found in Madagascar than any other similarly sized region of the world, the risks of recombinant CMG variants emerging on this island are likely to be higher than elsewhere. Evidence of an epidemiological link between Madagascan and mainland African CMGs suggests that the consequences of such emergence events could reach far beyond the shores of this island

    Amputations secondaires du membre aprĂšs une chirurgie primaire des fractures ouvertes du membre inferieur

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    Les auteurs rapportent les complications survenues au cours de la prise en charge des fractures ouvertes de membres infĂ©rieurs, observĂ©es ces derniĂšres annĂ©es dans leur pratique et qui ont abouti Ă  des amputations secondaires, tout en analysant les diffĂ©rents facteurs de risque et les dĂ©ficits Ă©ventuels dans la prise en charge qui ont pu ĂȘtre Ă  l'origine de cette Ă©volution. Il s'agissait d'une Ă©tude rĂ©trospective s'Ă©tendant sur une pĂ©riode de 06 ans ( Janvier 2006 - Janvier 2012). Elle concernait des patients ayant prĂ©sentĂ© une fracture ouverte de membre infĂ©rieur traitĂ© initialement dans notre institution et dont les suites se sont compliquĂ©es et ont nĂ©cessitĂ© une amputation. Tout patient dont l'amputation avait Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e d'emblĂ©e aprĂšs l'examen Ă  l'entrĂ©e aux urgences Ă©tait exclu. Egalement tout patient traitĂ© dans un autre hĂŽpital avant d'ĂȘtre admis chez nous Ă©tait exclu de l'Ă©tude, mĂȘme si une amputation secondaire avait Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e dans notre institution. Nous avons rĂ©coltĂ© les diffĂ©rentes donnĂ©es en analysant les dossiers de patients (examens cliniques et complĂ©mentaires, comptes rendus opĂ©ratoires). Nous avons Ă©valuĂ© notre prise en charge en fonction des diffĂ©rents guidelines et recommandations retrouvĂ©s dans la littĂ©rature. Ces complications ont Ă©tĂ© observĂ©es chez neuf patients sur les 306 fractures ouvertes de membre infĂ©rieur prises en charge sur la mĂȘme pĂ©riode (Janvier 2006 - Janvier 2012), soit 2,9 . L'Ăąge moyen Ă©tait de 42,6(26-57) ans, la totalitĂ© des patients Ă©tait de sexe masculin. Nous avons enregistrĂ© 1 cas de fracture du fĂ©mur, 7 cas de fracture des 2 os de la jambe et 1 cas d'Ă©crasement du pied. Il s'agissait de fracture ouverte dont 1 cas de type 1; 3 cas de type II et 5 cas de type III selon la classification de Gustilo et Anderson. 5 cas d'amputations Ă  la cuisse ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es et 4 cas d'amputation au tiers supĂ©rieur de la jambe. Les diffĂ©rentes complications ayant motivĂ©es ces amputations Ă©taient des infections osseuses ou des gangrĂšnes de parties molles d'origine ischĂ©mique ou infectieuse. Les patients n'avaient pas de tares favorisantes telle que le diabĂšte et n'Ă©taient pas tabagiques chroniques. Nous n'avons pas constatĂ© de dĂ©cĂšs. Les fractures ouvertes mĂ©ritent une attention particuliĂšre du chirurgien tant au point de vu diagnostic des complications immĂ©diates que thĂ©rapeutique afin de rĂ©duire l'incidence des amputations post chirurgie primaire donnant l'impression au patient d'avoir Ă©tĂ© initialement mal opĂ©rĂ©. Une attention particuliĂšre doit ĂȘtre portĂ©e au degrĂ© de contamination initiale et Ă  la prĂ©sence d'un germe virulent sur le lieu du traumatisme, pouvant motiver des attitudes particuliĂšres lors de la prise en charge primaire
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