Giurisprudenza costituzionale e rapporti Stato-Chiesa in Costa Rica.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione. La clausola confessionista nella valutazione attuale della Sala Constitucional della Corte suprema. 2. A proposito del finanziamento pubblico del culto cattolico. 3. Ragionevolezza e legittimità del sistema matrimoniale in vigore. 4. Incostituzionalità della norma sull’idoneità degli insegnanti di religione cattolica. 5. Verso una nuova configurazione degli attuali rapporti

A Study on the Ethical Implementation of Radio Frequncy Identification Technology in Retail

Long checkout lines at the grocery store can be very frustrating. Thanks to point-of-sale technology though, those lines aren\u27t nearly as long as they could be. Point-of-sale technologies have been developed and implemented worldwide to help reduce the amount of time it takes a consumer to pay for products at the cash register. These technologies have also aided retailers and manufacturers in achieving higher levels of efficiency. Bar codes, for example, were first developed to decrease the amount of time required to purchase an item, improve the tracking of inventory, accelerate the acquisition of important statistical data, and facilitate market research. Now, retail store owners have their eyes on a more modem and advanced point-of-sale technology- radio frequency identification (RFID). Unlike manually scanning a bar code, this recently developed point-of-sale technology uses a tiny chip to wirelessly transmit data to a reader computer. RFID promises greater efficiency in retail than the bar code with respect to purchase time, inventory tracking capability, collection of important statistical data, and valuable market research. All of this could add up to greater profits for retail businesses, cheaper prices for consumers, and less time spent standing in line at the checkout. Although these promises sound beneficial, the use of RFID technology might also create privacy concerns for consumers. Many American consumers are not aware of the vast amount of personal data businesses gather on their customers, or what exactly they do with it. RFID technology will increase the retailer\u27s ability to gather and store personal information on consumers. This raises the possibility for invasion of consumer privacy Therefore, this research paper was initiated to answer the question of whether or not radio frequency identification technology has the potential to invade consumer privacy rights. The aim of this research was to study how to ethically implement RFID technology into retail in a way that protects consumers against the invasion of their privacy. It first looked at Universal Product Code technology in the development of today\u27s bar codes. Then, it defined radio frequency identification technology. It discussed the importance of carefully examining this, as well as any, new technology and centered on the controversy that surrounds RFID. It examined privacy and security concerns for the retail consumer and explored the value of a consumer\u27s personal information. It also focused on the debate over restrictions, current laws on consumer privacy, and proposed legislation on RFID technology. From this study, the researcher deduced that RFID technology had the potential to invade consumer privacy rights. It was also found that a consumer\u27s personal, identifiable information was protected under the Constitution as private property. It was concluded that a set of protective guidelines was necessary for the security of a consumer\u27s personal, identifiable information. Therefore, a proposed plan for ethically implementing radio frequency identification technology into a retail business was created. This plan included a Consumer Bill of Rights for Radio Frequency Identification Tagging, Technology Awareness Policy, and Point-of-Sale Protection Progra

State of Hawaii geothermal action plan, element II : review of emergency plan and response to the 12 June 1991 uncontrolled venting of the Puna Geothermal Ventures (PGV) KS8 geothermal well

Discussion of the unplanned steam release from the PGV Kapoho State 8 well and the emergency response to that event.Submitted to the Honorable Lorraine R. Inouye, Mayor of Hawaii County and the Honorable John C. Lewin, M.D., Director of Health, State of Hawaii

Associations Between Peer Pressure and Adolescents' Binge Behaviors: The Role of Basic Needs and Coping

Framed from a framework based on the integration of self-determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000) and Endler and Parker’s (1990) conception of coping strategies, the authors analyzed the relationships between peer pressure and binge behaviors (binge eating and binge drinking) in adolescence. Moreover, the authors explored the mediating role of satisfaction/frustration of basic psychological needs and coping strategies in these associations. Participants were 570 high school students (M = 15.75 years, SD = 1.14 years) living in Italy. The study design was cross-sectional and adolescents were administered self-report questionnaires. Path analysis showed significant and positive direct associations of peer pressure with both binge eating and binge drinking. Moreover, findings show that there is an indirect path in which peer pressure is positively associated with need frustration that is related to the use of emotion-oriented coping strategies that, on their turn, are associated with binge eating. Differently, binge drinking seems to be only directly related to peer pressure. The authors put light to the complex nature of the relationships between peer pressure and binge behaviors in adolescence, taking into account the separate contribution of need satisfaction and need frustration, as well as of coping strategies. Finally, practical implications of the study are discussed

The Impact of a Mindfulness-Based Group on Anxiety in Sixth Grade Students

This study examines the impact of a five-week mindfulness-based group on levels of anxiety in sixth grade students. Anxiety is a prevalent problem among children and adolescents. Research shows the need for early intervention for students dealing with anxiety (HirshfeldBecker & Biderman, 2002). Research suggests that mindfulness techniques are effective in decreasing anxiety in adolescents (Skorman Cicero, 2013; Semple et al., 2005; Napoli et al., 2015; Semple et al., 2010). Each group in this study included discussing the students’ anxiety concerns and practicing new mindfulness exercises. The group curriculum focused on paying attention to thoughts and feelings without judgment. Results show a decrease in overall anxiety levels among group members. Students also reported positive feedback about the group. This study provided further evidence that teaching mindfulness to students in schools can have a positive impact

Ancient Topography Research in the Territory of Rodì-Milici (Messina): Preliminary Results

The paper concerns a research project carried out since 2011 by the Department of Sciences on the Antiquity of the University of Messina and the Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage of the Italian National Research Council. The project is aimed at the reconstruction of the ancient topography of the territory of the modern village of Rodi-Milici, in the Province of Messina. The first campaign of systematic archaeological and topographical surveys, using a differential GPS system and a Laser Scanner, were performed in the hills to the west and south-west of the two villages, in particular on the large plateau between Monte Ciappa, to the north, and Pizzo Cocuzza, to the south. The investigated area was identified by L. Bernabo Brea, at the beginning of the 1950s, with the site of the ancient city of Longane. It had a strategic location for the control of the valleys of the Patri and Mazzarra rivers (respectively to the east and west of the investigated area) which constituted important routes of connection and traffic between the Tyrrhenian coast, the Monti Peloritani area and the Ionian coast of Sicily. The recent research, in integration with previous studies, acquired new data about the Archaic settlement that had an organisation strictly integrated to the topographical context and a structure different from traditional Greek colonies. The settlement on the plateau did not have a regular plan but seems organised into quite well distinguished inhabited, productive and sacred areas, while other areas are free of structures. It was protected by the two fortified hills (Monte Ciappa and Pizzo Cocuzza) which controlled the natural entrances to the plateau from north and south; the necropolises were located to the north-east and south of these hills, along the principal ways to arrive to the settlement

Il nuovo regime probatorio nei giudizi canonici di nullità del vincolo: riflessioni a prima lettura

The study examines the new rules of evidence arising from the reform of the matrimonial canonical process, intended primarily to enhance the judicial confession and the declarations of the parties, to which can be attribute the force of full proof as long as they are supported by witnesses to the credibility of the parties and unless other elements are present which weaken them. The opinion underlying the essay is that this is a very interesting development, on the basis of which - by the way - the so-called "nullities of conscience" (i.e. the cases in which the invalidity is not demonstrable as such "in foro externo" because it is supported only by the declaration of the interested party) seem practically destined to be kept to a minimum. Subsequently, the study focuses on the explication of the most plausible reason behind the new regime in question, namely the intention to avoid the inconveniences stemming from the obligation to combine the judicial confession or the declarations of the parties (albeit conclusive and confirmatory in order to the "thema probandum") with other evidence

Gold supported on iron oxy-hydroxides: a versatile tool for the synthesis of fine chemicals

A comprehensive overview on gold supported on iron oxy-hydroxides as tool for the synthesis of fine chemicals is given. We will discuss on the catalytic activity of gold supported on iron oxy-hydroxides in several reactions of potential industrial interest, comprising the selective oxidation of primary alcohol to aldehyde, the selective reduction of α,s unsaturated aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding a,b unsaturated alcohols. Furthermore, a significant application of gold supported on iron oxy-hydroxides is the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from H2 and O2. The versatility showed by Au supported on oxy-hydroxides catalysts is an aspect of great importance for industrial applications

Un altro precursore di Francesco Scaduto: Giuseppe Ingoglia

Il lavoro intende illustrare il contributo offerto dalla scuola fiorita in seno alla Cattedra di diritto canonico della Regia Università di Palermo durante il XIX secolo all’evoluzione della scienza ecclesiasticistica e all’enunciazione del suo moderno metodo di studio, attraverso l'analisi delle opere e dell'attività scientifica dei docenti che hanno ricoperto la detta Cattedra