Estudo taxonômico da família Passifloraceae Juss, no Distrito Federal, Brasil

Resumo: O presente trabalho consiste no estudo taxonômico da família Passifloraceae Juss. do Distrito Federal. A família possui distribuição predominantemente tropical e subtropical, encontradas principalmente nas regiões de clima quente do Neotrópico. Taxonomicamente, Passifloraceae pertence à ordem Malpighiales e é subdividida em duas tribos: Passifloreae DC. e Paropsieae DC. No Brasil ocorre apenas a tribo Passifloreae, com quatro gêneros: Ancistrothyrsus Harms., Mitostemma Mast., Dilkea Mast. e Passiflora L. O gênero Passiflora é o mais representativo, com 135 espécies e 11 variedades, sendo 81 delas endêmicas. As espécies estão distribuídas por todos os estados e quase todos os domínios fitogeográficos. Para o Distrito Federal, registramos o gênero Passiflora, com 12 espécies, estas estão subordinadas a três diferentes subgêneros, sendo três espécies pertencentes ao subg. Decaloba (DC.): Passiflora suberosa L. subsp. litoralis (Kunth) K. Porter- Utley, P. misera Kunth e P. pohlii Mart., uma espécie do subg. Astrophea (DC): P. cerradense Sacco e oito espécies pertencentes ao subg. Passiflora: P. alata Curtis; P. amethystina J.C. Mikan; P. cincinnata Mast.; P. clathrata Mast.; P. edulis Sims.; P. foetida L.; P. nitida Kunth. e P. villosa Vell. Apresenta-se a chave de identificação para os subgêneros e espécies, descrições, ilustrações, fotografias, dados ecológicos e de distribuição geográfica das espécies de Passiflora encontradas no Distrito Federal

CtBP1-Mediated Membrane Fission Contributes to Effective Recycling of Synaptic Vesicles

Compensatory endocytosis of released synaptic vesicles (SVs) relies on coordinated signaling at the lipid-protein interface. Here, we address the synaptic function of C-terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1), a ubiquitous regulator of gene expression and membrane trafficking in cultured hippocampal neurons. In the absence of CtBP1, synapses form in greater density and show changes in SV distribution and size. The increased basal neurotransmission and enhanced synaptic depression could be attributed to a higher vesicular release probability and a smaller fraction of release-competent SVs, respectively. Rescue experiments with specifically targeted constructs indicate that, while synaptogenesis and release probability are controlled by nuclear CtBP1, the efficient recycling of SVs relies on its synaptic expression. The ability of presynaptic CtBP1 to facilitate compensatory endocytosis depends on its membrane-fission activity and the activation of the lipid-metabolizing enzyme PLD1. Thus, CtBP1 regulates SV recycling by promoting a permissive lipid environment for compensatory endocytosis

Comparative study of Passiflora taxa leaves: II. A chromatographic profile

ABSTRACT Popularly known as passion fruit, some species of the genus Passiflora are widely used in folk medicines, such as sedatives and tranquilizers in many countries. Although these plants are employed for the same purposes, research with different species of Passiflora has indicated their heterogeneous chemical compositions. Since different chemical compositions can result in varying degrees of therapeutic efficiency, quality control based on the chemical constituents of each species is essential. To that end, the aim of this study was to compare pharmacognostically species of Passiflora in order to establish a chromatographic profile for the quality control of drugs in herbal medicines containing passion fruit. The study was conducted by collecting samples of leaves from twelve Passiflora taxa (i.e., ten species and two forms of P. edulis) – P. actinia, P. alata, P. amethystina, P. capsularis, P. cincinnata, P. edulis f. flavicarpa, P. edulis f. edulis, P. incarnata, P. morifolia, P. urnifolia, P. coccinea, and P. setacea – from different locations and obtaining their chromatographic profiles via thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Both methods used the flavonoid C-glycosides isoorientin, orientin, vitexin, and isovitexin as reference compounds and could ultimately establish specific profiles for each species. The chromatographic analyses discussed here can be used to assist in determining the quality and authenticity of herbal drugs derived from Passiflora species

Passifloraceae sensu stricto de Minas Gerais, Brasil

Resumo Neste trabalho são apresentadas as espécies de Passifloraceae stricto sensu do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. A família encontra-se representada por dois gêneros, Mitostemma, apenas com M. glaziovii e Passiflora com 52 espécies representantes dos quatro subgêneros: três espécies pertencentes a P. subg. Astrophea, 12 a P. subg. Decaloba, duas a P. subg. Deidamioides e 35 a P. subg. Passiflora, totalizando 53 espécies, das quais, quatro novas citações para o estado. São apresentadas descrições, fotos, dados de distribuição geográfica e comentários taxonômicos das espécies de Passifloraceae ocorrentes em Minas Gerais

Comparative study of Passiflora taxa leaves: I. A morpho-anatomic profile

AbstractDetermining the authenticity and quality of plant raw materials used in the formulation of herbal medicines, teas and cosmetics is essential to ensure their safety and efficacy for clinical use. Some Passiflora species are officially recognized in the pharmaceutical compendia of various countries and have therapeutic uses, particularly as sedatives and anxiolytics. However, the large number of Passiflora species, coupled with the fact that most species are popularly known as passion fruit, increases the misidentification problem. The purpose of this study is to make a pharmacognostic comparison between various Passiflora species to establish a morpho-anatomical profile that could contribute to the quality control of herbal drug products that contain passion fruit. This was conducted by collecting samples of leaves from twelve Passiflora taxa (ten species and two forms of P. edulis): P. actinia, P. alata, P. amethystina, P. capsularis, P. cincinnata, P. edulisf. flavicarpa, P. edulis f. edulis, P. incarnata, P. morifolia, P. urnifolia, P. coccinea and P. setacea, from different locations and their morpho-anatomical features were analyzed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Microscopic analysis allowed to indicate a set of characters that can help to differentiate species. These include midrib and petiole shape, midrib and petiole vascular pattern, medium vein shape, presence of trichomes, presence of blade epidermal papillae and sclerenchymatic cells adjoining the vascular bundles. These characters could be used to assist in the determination of herbal drug quality and authenticity derived from a species of Passiflora

SynGO : An Evidence-Based, Expert-Curated Knowledge Base for the Synapse

Synapses are fundamental information-processing units of the brain, and synaptic dysregulation is central to many brain disorders ("synaptopathies"). However, systematic annotation of synaptic genes and ontology of synaptic processes are currently lacking. We established SynGO, an interactive knowledge base that accumulates available research about synapse biology using Gene Ontology (GO) annotations to novel ontology terms: 87 synaptic locations and 179 synaptic processes. SynGO annotations are exclusively based on published, expert-curated evidence. Using 2,922 annotations for 1,112 genes, we show that synaptic genes are exceptionally well conserved and less tolerant to mutations than other genes. Many SynGO terms are significantly overrepresented among gene variations associated with intelligence, educational attainment, ADHD, autism, and bipolar disorder and among de novo variants associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia. SynGO is a public, universal reference for synapse research and an online analysis platform for interpretation of large-scale -omics data (https://syngoportal.org and http://geneontology.org)

SynGO: An Evidence-Based, Expert-Curated Knowledge Base for the Synapse

© 2019 Elsevier Inc.Synapses are fundamental information-processing units of the brain, and synaptic dysregulation is central to many brain disorders (“synaptopathies”). However, systematic annotation of synaptic genes and ontology of synaptic processes are currently lacking. We established SynGO, an interactive knowledge base that accumulates available research about synapse biology using Gene Ontology (GO) annotations to novel ontology terms: 87 synaptic locations and 179 synaptic processes. SynGO annotations are exclusively based on published, expert-curated evidence. Using 2,922 annotations for 1,112 genes, we show that synaptic genes are exceptionally well conserved and less tolerant to mutations than other genes. Many SynGO terms are significantly overrepresented among gene variations associated with intelligence, educational attainment, ADHD, autism, and bipolar disorder and among de novo variants associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia. SynGO is a public, universal reference for synapse research and an online analysis platform for interpretation of large-scale -omics data (https://syngoportal.org and http://geneontology.org). The SynGO consortium presents a framework to annotate synaptic protein locations and functions and annotations for 1,112 synaptic genes based on published experimental evidence. SynGO reports exceptional features and disease associations for synaptic genes and provides an online data analysis platfor