UJI TOKSISITAS BERBAGAI JENIS DAN KONSENTRASI DETERJEN TERHADAP TINGKAT KERUSAKAN INSANG DAN MORTALITAS IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio)

Toxicity is toxic relative character related with its potential to cause negative effect for living creature. Water pollution is the entrance of living creature, element, energy, and another component in water by human activity so that the water quality decreased into certain level which caused the water couldn’t function as the general function. The research purpose is to find out the influence of various kind and concentrate of detergent to gills corruptness and mortality of gold fish (Cyprinus carpio), to find out the detergent brand which has the highest level to gold fish gills corruptness and mortality, beside, the research aimed to find out the influence of combination of kind and concentrate of detergent to the corruption of fish gills and mortality of gold fish. The research was true experimental research. The experiment design used complete random design with 20 treatments, they were four kinds of detergents and each of detergent has 0.08 mg/L, 0.04 g/L, 0.07 g/L, 0.10 g/L, 0.13 g/L concentrates. While 4 detergents used were Attack, Rinso, Wings biru, dan Krim ekonomi. Sampling technique used to Simple Random Sampling. Research indicator was the level of fish gills corruption and mortality of gold fish.. Data analysis used two way ANAVA continued with Duncan’s Test 1%. According to two way ANAVA test, there showed that there is influence of detergent kind and concentrate to the level of gills corruptness and mortality of Gold fish (Cyprinus carpio). From the Duncan’s Test 1%, concentrate of Wings Biru brand 0.13 g/L had the highest influence to the level of gills corruptness and mortality of gold fish. Attack Detergent concentrate 0.008 had the smallest influence

After the "License Raj": Economic Liberalization and Aggregate Private Investment in India

Using three alternative models that incorporate the behavior of both credit constrained and unconstrained firms in a theoretically consistent manner, this paper presents evidence on the effects of economic liberalization of 1991 in India. Two robust conclusions emerge from the estimation of the investment function by ARDL approach. First, the response of private investment with respect to the relative cost of capital has increased at least five times after the dismantling of the License Raj. Second, the evidence implies a significant improvement in the technological efficiency of the firms after the liberalization. In contrast, no robust conclusion can be drawn about the severity of the credit constraint faced by the private sector following the liberalization.Private Investment, India, Economic Liberalization, ARDL

GAMBARAN CD4 PADA BERBAGAI STADIUM KLINIS HIV/AIDS DENGAN INFEKSI OPORTUNISTIK TUBERKULOSIS DAN NON TUBERKULOSIS DI RSUD DR. ZAINOEL ABIDIN BANDA ACEH

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS) menyebabkan penderitaan terhadap umat manusia di seluruh dunia. HIVmerupakan retrovirus yang menginfeksi sistem imun manusia. Kerusakan imunitaspada pasien HIV / AIDS ditandai turunnya kadar CD4 pasien sehingga timbul infeksioportunistik yang menyebabkan kematian. Infeksi oportunistik muncul berbedabeda,tergantung dari derajat immunosupresi, dan frekuensi infeksi oportunistik yangada di lingkungan. Iklim tropis di Indonesia menyebabkan Mycobacteriumtuberkulosis berkembang dengan baik dan menjadi penyebab kematian tertinggi padakasus AIDS di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran CD4pada berbagai stadium klinis HIV/AIDS dengan infeksi oportunistik (IO)tuberkulosis dan non-tuberkulosis di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Jenispenelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Data dalampenelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari rekam medis pasienHIV/AIDS dalam periode Januari 2011 - Desember 2015 di RSUD dr. ZainoelAbidin Banda Aceh. Jumlah sampel penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi adalah135 orang, dengan 63 kasus dengan IO tuberkulosis, 33 kasus IO non-tuberkulosisdan 39 kasus tanpa IO. Berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan kadar CD4 terbanyak padakada

Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Pembantu Pembina Keluarga Berencana Desa (PPKBD) dalam Pencapaian Keberhasilan Keluarga Berencana (KB) Pria di Kabupaten Pemalang

The objective of this researh is to analise the influence of motivation, training and insentive on performance of PPKBD Pemalang Region. Population were 234 PPKBD officers. Sample consist 70 PPKBD, carried out by proportional random sampling. The method of analysis uses multiple linear regesi analysis tools SPSS v. 17. Analysis of the data include data quality test (reliability, validity). Classical assumption test (normality, multikolonearitas, and heteroscedasticity), goodness fit model (f-test, the coefficient of determination), the hypothesis test (t test). The result conclosed that motivation, training and insentive had positively and significantly influence on Performance of PPKBD officers

The Language Attitude of Border Peoples Insular Riau, West Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, North Sulawesi, and the Eastern Sunda Islands

This research aims at describing (1) the language use of border area societies (Insular Riau, West Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, North Sulawesi, and the Eastern Sunda Islands) in terms of local language (BD), Indonesian (BI), and foreign language (BA) in the domains of family, society, and occupation, (2) language activity of border area societies relating to news observation, language attention, and language constraints in mass media, (3) language attitude of border area societies towards BD, BI, and BA. The findings are as follows. First, within the family and society at large, BD is more frequently used than BI and BA. This shows that BD functions in non-formal situations. In the professional field, however, BI is more frequently used than BD. Second, people in border provinces widely observe mass media, whether printed or electronic. They also often pay attention to the language the mass media uses. Third, border societies have a positive attitude towards BD as is shown (agree/totally agree) by the answers to eight questions relating to BD. The language attitude of border societies towards BI is positive based on the answers (agree/totally agree) to seven questions concerning BI. This also means that BI is prestigious for border people, especially in formal communication. The language attitude of border societies towards BA is mixed. In as far as it is negative it implies a positive evaluation of BD and BI because people appreciate them as part of their local and national identities

Tidal Polarization in Elite Ethnic and Makassar Bugis

Pada fase tradisional, elit etnis Bugis dan Makassar sama-sama mengembangkan konsep politik simbol. Tradisi politik simbolik itu tertuang dalam naskah imajinatif; tomanurung dan kalompoang. Sebuah konsep untuk melegitimasi kekuasaan sang penguasa. Secara sosial, konsep tomanurung kemudian diterjemahkan oleh elit dan massa sebagai pola hubungan yang bersifat saling melindungi; patron-client. Dalam perjalanan politik orang Bugis dan Makassar, konsep tomanurung kian melemah, diawali dengan kehadiran Islam di Istana Gowa, dan meningkatnya birahi politik para penguasa kerajaan. Perebutan wilayah kekuasaan dan polarisasi politik antara etnis Bugis dan Makassar terus mengalami eskalasi, puncaknya pada abad 17, ketika VOC dan Arung Palakka dari Bone berhasil menaklukan kesultanan Gowa. Sejak kemenangan VOC terhadap Kesultanan Gowa, etnis Bugis menjadi etnis yang dominan dalam struktur kekuasaan formal. Peranan etnis Bugis agak berkurang ketika VOC Balik memusuhi kerajaan Bone pada 1905. Struktur kekuasaan kemudian dikuasai kembali oleh istana Gowa hingga fase awal kemerdekaan RI. Pertengahan Orde Lama hingga awal reformasi, etnis Bugis kembali memanggul kekuasaan. Kini melalui pemilihan langsung pemimpin (gubernur) secara langsung (pada era otonomi daerah), panggung kekuasaan di Sulsel direbut kembali oleh etnis Makassar Gowa

Risk Allocation Preferences on Public Private Partnership (PPP) in Indonesian Airport Infrastructure Development

Deficiency in infrastructure establishment causes the poor competitiveness toward velocity of Indonesian economic growth. Infrastructure is one of the causes of the decline in competitiveness and hamper economic growth in Indonesia, one of the airport infrastructure. To deal with this, research is currently being conducted related to airport infrastructure development in Indonesia with a risk management approach to the project Public-Private Partnership (PPP), but only limited to the discussion of risk allocation. PPP is a partnership between government and the private sector where the parties together and develop products or services in which there is a risk, costs and benefits can be shared. The purpose of this study is to determine the allocation of risk variables have been determined between the government and the private sector in PPP infrastructure development projects in Indonesia airports. The research study is conducted by collecting data at several airports in Indonesia. The data used are primary and secondary data. The primary data based on field survey and interviews, while secondary data is based on data collected from various agencies (public and private), namely the Directorate General of Civil Aviation, Airport Authority, the Statistic Central Bureau, PT. Angkasa Pura 1 and 2, and so forth. The collected data is processed using SPSS ver. 21 in accordance with the method used, the reliability and validity testing of a descriptive analysis. The analysis shows that the majority of the combined respondents tend to choose to allocate that risk to the private sector.\ud Keywords: Airport Infrastructure, Risk Management, PPP, Risk Allocatio