THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MUHAMMADIYAH YOUTH IN MEDAN CITY

This population research is the board of Muhammadiyah Youth of Medan , amount to 41 people . Sample of this research is conducted in a total sampling technique . The results showed that the influence of organizational communication variables influence on organizational performance variable at 2.2 %, while the influence of leadership style of chairman variable on organizational performance shows that the R square value of 0.131 means the leadership style of chairman variables influence on organizational performance variable at 13 , 1 %, the variable effect of organizational communication and leadership styles of the chairman on the organizational performance showed that the R value of 0.253 square variables . Thus the variable organizational communication and leadership style of chairman is jointly influence on organizational performance variable by 25.3 % while the remaining amount of 74.7 % determined by other variables note examined . These results it can be concluded that the influence of organizational communication and leadership style of chairman on the performance of the Youth Muhammadiyah is significant influence and can be the material for all readers in the development of science

Corruption in Nigeria: A call for an aggressive legal solution

Corruption has been an issue which has equally become an obstacle to the achievement of a better, efficient and effective economic development and virile democracy globally. Corruption is not exclusively economic phenomenon but manifest in every facet of our life, in political, the processes and other sectors like industries, banks, government establishments/institutions, law enforcement and judicial system, legislative  assemblies, that is to say in both private and public sectors etc.1 This article will  proffer aggressive legal solution as a panacea to this hydra-headed cankerworm

Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Perlombaan Burung Berkicau Berhadiah di Gantangan Putro Benowo Makamhaji Kartasura

ABSTRACT This research paper is a result of a research which was conducted in Gantangan Putro Benowo Makamhaji, Kartasura, Sukoharjo titled “Review of Islamic Law on The Bird's Chirping Competition”. The research paper explains issues about : how is The Bird's Chirping Competition in Gantangan Putro Benowo Makamhaji Kartasura conducted? and how is the review of Islamic Law on The Bird's Chirping Competition in Gantangan Putro Benowo Makamhaji Kartasura? In completing the research paper, the writer used qualitative research method which collect data through observation, interview, and documentation. The data were analysed using descriptive qualitative analysis technique with an inductive mindset because the purpose of the research is to describe The Bird's Chirping Competition in Gantangan Putro Benowo and then analysing it within islamic law. The result of field research on The Bird's Chirping Competition in Gantangan Putro Benowo that judge the quality and rhythm of bird's chirping. The participants joining the competition have to enroll first by buying a registration ticket. The fund collected from the tickets sale is used for committee, paying jury services and prize for the winner. Based on the writer’s analysis of islamic law, the implementation of The Bird's Chirping Competition which is organized by Gantangan Putro Benowo Makamhaji Kartasura, is not accordance with islamic law because the prize contains Maysir factor. Based on the conclusion mentioned, it is suggested that the manager of Gantangan Putro Benowo Makamhaji Kartasura should not only have used the money from the tickets selling but also accepted sponsors from companies. This can help him to avoid the Maysir. Other than that, the society can put more interest to this competition. Keywords : Competition Practice, Islamic La

Generalised tetanus: A rare complication of Richter’s hernia

We present a case report of generalized tetanus following umbilical Richter’s hernia in a 10 month old unimmunized boy. This case is reported because tetanus is a rare complication of Richter’s hernia and to emphasize the need for immunization of all unimmunized children with tetanus vaccine. Ahigh index of suspicion is important in the diagnosis of Richter’s herniain order to avoid complication, as diagnosis is often delayed or missed. The co-exiting tetany is also a rare co-morbidity of Richter’s hernia

Mini-review on the efficacy of aquatic macrophytes as mosquito larvicide

Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease, which is endemic in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Vector control is the current strategy used for the eradication and elimination of malaria in these countries, but this control method has not proven to be effective, as malaria continues its increasing trend. Although chemical larvicide can also be used to eradicate the malaria vector at the larval stage, preventing the growth of mosquitoes into hematophagous adults, the continuous use of chemical insecticides leads to environmental pollution. It is therefore of paramount importance to identify effective, low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical insecticides for the control of mosquito larvae.This mini-review aims to assess the present and future of the use of macrophytes as a mosquito larvicide. We critically analyze the trend of malaria cases in sub-Saharan Africa and evaluate why botanical larvicides may contribute to the eradication of malaria in the region. The ecological role of macrophytes in the aquatic environment and their potential as botanical larvicide are explained in detail. The study illustrates that the macrophytes Azolla pinnata, Pistia stratiotes, Eicchornia crassipes, Phragmites australis, Nelumbo nucifera, Nymphaea lotus, Typha latifolia and Leucas martinicensis have been effectively used as larvicides against mosquito larvae. It is recommended that additional work be done to purify the biologically active components that are responsible for the larvicidal activity of these macrophytes, and future research should assess the potential of other macrophytes for effective utilization as larvicides

Tema-tema Penafsiran M. Quraish Shihab Tentang Ashab al-Kahfi Dalam Tafsir al-Mishbah

One part of al-Qur'an is the history about past people. Surah al-Kahfi is one of surah in al-Qur'an contain the history about past people. There are four history in surah al-Kahfi, one of them is As}h}a>b al-Kahfi. The history described by al-Qur'an does not easily to understanding by human rationality without believing in Allah s.w.t (iman) and mufasir help to understanding. There are many various views of mufasir toward there interpretation about history of Ashab al-Kahfi, among them is a mufasir from Indonesia M. Quraish Shihab. This research will study about how interpretation of M. Quraish Shihab regarding the history of As}h}a>b al-Kahfi. The purpose of this study is to know interpretation of M. Quraish Shihab regarding the history of Ashab al-Kahfi and topic in his interpretation. This research is literature research with dakwah interpretation approach. Primary source of this research is first printed Tafsir Al-Mishbah book in 2002 Vol. 8 from Lentera Hati by M. Quraish Shihab and secondary source is books, research, articles, and scientific papers related to the object of study. Technical analysis data used in this study is descriptive analysis. The conclusion that can be taken in this research is interpretation of M. Quraish Shihab regarding the story of Ashab al-Kahfi used analytic method or tah}li>li> and made conclusion in each interpreted verse. Themes of M. Quraish Shihab interpretation about Ashab al-Kahfi is: First, ideal youth and preaching recommendation. Second, the power of Allah s.w.t about Hidayah and His Grace. Third, human ability is limited, while the ability of Allah s.w.t is infinite and definite. Fourth, kindness will surely prove, even if it takes a long time. Fifth, the accuracy of information provided by al-Qur'an

Antisecretory and antiulcerative effects of ethyl acetate fraction of Nigella sativa (L.) Seed extract in rats

The present work was carried out to investigate the possible effects of ethyl acetate seed fraction of Nigella sativa on gastric ulcers and basal gastric secretions using the Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug-induced (NSAID) model. Phytochemical screening according to Trease and Evans, 2002 and acute toxicity tests using the Lorke’s Method, 1983 were conducted. For the mucosal integrity study, ulcer and preventive indices were analysed, while volume of gastric juice, titratable acidity, acid output and pepsin concentration were assessed for basal gastric secretion parameters. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, glucocinolates amongst others, while the acute toxicity studies revealed a median lethal dose above 5000mg/kg. The rats were grouped into 9 (n = 5), with the extract fraction administered at 50, 100 and 200mg/kg subcutaneously, followed by pyloric ligation with cimetidine used as the standard drug. Five rats received normal saline 1ml/kg/rat subcutaneously (S.C) as Negative Control, Five rats received indomethacin (20 mg/kg S.C), Ten rats for the study of the effect of two different doses of cimetidine 50 and 100 mg/kg S.C (5 rats for each dose). Ten rats for the study of effect of two different doses of cimetidine (50 mg and 100 mg/kg) S.C, given 30 minutes prior to indomethacin administration (5 rats for each dose). The three experimental doses of the extract at 50,100 and 200mg/kg showed a dosedependent decrease in both ulcer and preventive indices with the 200mg/kg dose at 0.6mm and 94% respectively. It also showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in volume of gastric juice, titratable acidity, acid output and pepsin concentration in dose-dependent manner with the three experimental doses administered with the highest reduction at the 200mg/kg dose. The results obtained suggest that this fraction down-regulated all those parameters which might be attributed to the presence of the phytoconstituents present in this fraction, particularly the flavonoids. Therefore, the extract fraction of this plant possesses gastroprotective activity further explaining the folkloric use of this plant in the therapy of peptic ulcer disease.Keywords: Antiulcerative, Antisecretory, Nigella sativa, Phytochemicals, Rats, Seed Extracts

Recurrent Transvaginal Leak of Dialysate as a Complication of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Tip Capture by Fallopian Tube after Tubal Occlusion

Introduction: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter malfunction may result from obstruction by various intra-peritoneal structures. Such obstruction may rarely be caused by fallopian tubes, in which case it may present as out flow failure and/or per vaginum (PV) leak of dialysate. Case report: A 46 years old female developed early out-flow obstruction while maintaining adequate dialysate inflow soon after PD catheter insertion. The patient also had PV leak of the dialysate that was misinterpreted by the patient as urine incontinence. Fluoroscopic catheterogram confirmed catheter patency and outlined the right fallopian tube. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed the presence of fluid in vagina with no obvious peritoneo-vaginal fistulous track. Laparoscopy was performed, at which time examination under anesthesia excluded the presence of peritoneo-vaginal fistula. During laparoscopy, the catheter tip was found to be captured by the fimbriae of the right fallopian tube. The catheter tip was released and right tubal occlusion was performed, after which adequate flow was restored. Three month later, the catheter was replaced because of fungal peritonitis. Vaginal leak recurred six weeks after insertion of the new catheter through the same occluded tube. Mini laparotomy and tubal ligation with catheter removal were done and the patient was maintained on hemodialysis until she received a kidney transplant four months later. Conclusion: Vaginal leak of dialysate can occur as an early complication of PD secondary to fallopian tube capture of PD catheter tip. It is important to distinguish between tubal capture of the catheter tip which can be treated laparoscopically and peritoneo-vaginal fistula which often requires laparotomy for fistulous tract debridement and repair. Key words: Peritoneal Dialysis, Dialysate, Transvaginal leak, Fallopian tub

Heralded quantum entanglement between two crystals

Quantum networks require the crucial ability to entangle quantum nodes. A prominent example is the quantum repeater which allows overcoming the distance barrier of direct transmission of single photons, provided remote quantum memories can be entangled in a heralded fashion. Here we report the observation of heralded entanglement between two ensembles of rare-earth-ions doped into separate crystals. A heralded single photon is sent through a 50/50 beamsplitter, creating a single-photon entangled state delocalized between two spatial modes. The quantum state of each mode is subsequently mapped onto a crystal, leading to an entangled state consisting of a single collective excitation delocalized between two crystals. This entanglement is revealed by mapping it back to optical modes and by estimating the concurrence of the retrieved light state. Our results highlight the potential of rare-earth-ions doped crystals for entangled quantum nodes and bring quantum networks based on solid-state resources one step closer.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

A Novel Rank Aggregation-Based Hybrid Multifilter Wrapper Feature Selection Method in Software Defect Prediction

The high dimensionality of software metric features has long been noted as a data quality problem that affects the performance of software defect prediction (SDP) models. This drawback makes it necessary to apply feature selection (FS) algorithm(s) in SDP processes. FS approaches can be categorized into three types, namely, filter FS (FFS), wrapper FS (WFS), and hybrid FS (HFS). HFS has been established as superior because it combines the strength of both FFS and WFS methods. However, selecting the most appropriate FFS (filter rank selection problem) for HFS is a challenge because the performance of FFS methods depends on the choice of datasets and classifiers. In addition, the local optima stagnation and high computational costs of WFS due to large search spaces are inherited by the HFS method. Therefore, as a solution, this study proposes a novel rank aggregation-based hybrid multifilter wrapper feature selection (RAHMFWFS) method for the selection of relevant and irredundant features from software defect datasets. The proposed RAHMFWFS is divided into two stepwise stages. The first stage involves a rank aggregation-based multifilter feature selection (RMFFS) method that addresses the filter rank selection problem by aggregating individual rank lists from multiple filter methods, using a novel rank aggregation method to generate a single, robust, and non-disjoint rank list. In the second stage, the aggregated ranked features are further preprocessed by an enhanced wrapper feature selection (EWFS) method based on a dynamic reranking strategy that is used to guide the feature subset selection process of the HFS method. This, in turn, reduces the number of evaluation cycles while amplifying or maintaining its prediction performance. The feasibility of the proposed RAHMFWFS was demonstrated on benchmarked software defect datasets with Naïve Bayes and Decision Tree classifiers, based on accuracy, the area under the curve (AUC), and F-measure values. The experimental results showed the effectiveness of RAHMFWFS in addressing filter rank selection and local optima stagnation problems in HFS, as well as the ability to select optimal features from SDP datasets while maintaining or enhancing the performance of SDP models. To conclude, the proposed RAHMFWFS achieved good performance by improving the prediction performances of SDP models across the selected datasets, compared to existing state-of-the-arts HFS methods