Determinación de la corteza terrestre en sector Antofagasta, mediante modelo tridimensional

En es te trabajo se analizará el modelo tridimensional de Aki y Lee (1976) para el estudio de la corteza y la parte superior del manto. Se aplicará a la zona de Antofagasta entre 21° y 24° latitud Sur y 68° y 71° longitud Oeste, usando como datos las primeras llegadas de la onda P a las estaciones sísmicas locales. Se analizará cierta concordancia en los resultados con el trabajo de Olea (1967) en la misma zona

Different Diabetogenic Response to Moderate Doses of Streptozotocin in Pregnant Rats, and Its Long-Term Consequences in the Offspring

Diabetes during pregnancy results in congenital malformations and long-term postnatal diseases. Experimental models are still needed to investigate the mechanism responsible for these alterations. Thus, by the administration of different doses of streptozotocin (STZ) (0, 25, 30, or 35 mg/kg body weight, intravenous) at the onset of pregnancy in rats, the present study sought an appropriate animal model for this pathology. At day 6 of pregnancy, plasma glucose was progressively higher with an increasing STZ dose, and in rats receiving the 35-mg dose, 2 subgroups were detected: some animals had plasma glucose levels above controls but below 200 mg/dL (mildly diabetic, MD), whereas others had levels above 400 mg/dL (severely diabetic, SD). At day 20 of pregnancy, the MD rats had normal glycemia, but after an oral glucose load (2 g/kg body weight), plasma glucose increased more and insulin increased less than in controls. The SD rats maintained their hyperglycemia and had a greatly impaired oral glucose tolerance. At day 20, fetuses of SD dams were fewer, weighed less, and had enhanced plasma glucose and triglycerides and decreased insulin, whereas those from MD dams did not differ from controls. At birth, newborns from MD dams had higher body weight, plasma insulin, and liver triglycerides as well as total body lipid concentrations than controls, and on day 21, remained macrosomic and showed higher plasma glucose and liver triglyceride concentrations. At 70 days of age, offspring of MD dams had impaired oral glucose tolerance but normal plasma insulin change in the case of females, whereas plasma insulin increased less in males. These alterations were manifest more in those offspring from dams that had > 50% macrosomic newborns than in those from dams that had < 50% macrosomic newborns. In conclusion, whereas our MD rats mimic the changes taking place in gestational diabetic women and show the long-term risk of macrosomia, the SD rats are more similar to uncontrolled diabetics. Thus these two rat models, obtained with moderate amounts of STZ, could be used to study the pathophysiological consequences of these different diabetic conditions

Gestión de presupuesto para resultados y la calidad del gasto en la unidad de Gestión Educativa, Trujillo Sur Este, 2021

El presente estudio de investigación tuvo como objetivo “Determinar la relación que existe entre la gestión de presupuesto para resultados y la calidad de gasto en la UGEL-04, Trujillo Sur Este, 2021”, considerando conceptos, ideas, teorías sobre nuestras variables de estudio. El tipo de investigación corresponde a una investigación no experimental, correlacional, con una población y muestra de 50 funcionarios administrativos de la UGEL-04, Trujillo Sur Este, para realizar la recolección de los datos de estudio, se utilizó dos cuestionarios, debidamente validados por 3 expertos en los temas de investigación y el sector público, se realizó la presentación de los resultados obtenidos por medio de tablas y figuras estadísticas, por medio del programa Microsoft Excel, y el software SPSS. Se utilizó la prueba de Kolmogorov Smirnov, para identificar si se distribuyen de manera normal o no normal, para poder determinar que prueba estadística se utilizará, seleccionando Spearman, obteniendo como resultado, que existe un índice de relación de 0.772** con una significancia de 0.000, comprobando nuestra hipótesis de investigación, concluyendo de que existe una relación alta y significativa entre la gestión de presupuesto para resultados y la calidad de gasto

Influencia del clima laboral en la satisfacción del equipo de salud de Centro Quirúrgico en el Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Sologuren, Callao, 2014

La presente investigación titulada “Influencia del clima laboral en la satisfacción del equipo de salud de Centro Quirúrgico en el Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Sologuren Callao, 2014, tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia entre el clima laboral y la satisfacción en los trabajadores de la salud. La investigación obedece a un tipo descriptivo y diseño no experimental, transversal y predictiva, habiéndose utilizado dos cuestionarios como instrumentos de recolección de datos a una muestra de 99 Integrantes del equipo de salud de centro quirúrgico. El clima laboral del equipo de salud del Centro Quirúrgico en el Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Sologuren en la muestra de estudio s ha logrado identificar que el 44% tiene un nivel regular de clima laboral. La satisfacción laboral del equipo de salud del Centro Quirúrgico en el Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Sologuren en la muestra de estudio se ha logrado identificar que el 73% tiene un nivel moderado de satisfacción laboral. Existe influencia del clima laboral en la satisfacción laboral con mayor énfasis a través de las dimensiones: Supervisión, Comunicación y Autorrealización. Demostrado en la correlación y nivel de significación entre las variables de estudio

Dendritic Cells: Location, Function, and Clinical Implications

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells derived from bone marrow precursors and form a widely distributed cellular system throughout the body. DCs exert immune-surveillance for exogenous and endogenous antigens and the later activation of naive T lymphocytes giving rise to various immunological responses. Different growth factors and cytokines can modulate the differentiation and function of DCs, GM-CSF, M-CSF, Flt3, and TGF-β, resulting in a large variety of DCs with different functional abilities. Thus, DCs are classified as plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), conventional DCs (cDCs), and DCs derived from monocytes (mDCs). Functionally, the cDCs may be divided into two states: immature and mature. Immature DCs are specialist in uptaking and processing antigens; in contrast, mature DCs are professional in antigen presentation. It has been observed that immature cDCs can induce immune tolerance while mature cDCs may induce Th2 or Th1 immune responses. It is worth noting that different subpopulations of DCs have the ability to secrete different cytokine patterns, resulting in the induction of different immunological responses. Furthermore DCs are involved in the pathophysiology of several diseases such as contact hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases, or cancer, but they can also be used as therapeutic tools in these conditions

Aprender ayudando: Experiencias en el desarrollo del turismo sostenible en áreas rurales del sur del Ecuador

- Las directrices establecidas por los entes rectores de Educación Superior del Ecuador, así como los lineamientos universitarios para el desarrollo de procesos de vinculación o responsabilidad social universitaria e innovación docente, han motivado el presente trabajo, donde se pone en valoración la experiencia dentro de un proyecto multidisciplinario con enfoque en el desarrollo del turismo comunitario, que contribuye significativamente a los principios del turismo sostenible, así como a algunas metas de los ODS (Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible) planes nacionales y planes territoriales en tres comunidades del sur de Ecuador. El mismo ha logrado generar un impacto significativo en la colectividad a través de la reactivación de las zonas rurales mediante el empoderamiento y fortalecimiento de capacidades para el turismo y al mismo tiempo ha contribuido al desarrollo de competencias para el desarrollo sostenible en los estudiantes de las titulaciones de: turismo, gastronomía, administración de empresas, arquitectura, artes plásticas y diseño e ingeniería civil

Risk factors associated with the use and management of pesticides in the production of nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill)

Objective: verify the risk factors associated with the use of agrochemicals, through the degree of compliance with the national regulations on the Good Use and Management of Pesticides (GUMP). Design/methodology/approach: a questionnaire was carried out to 100 producers, selected from a population of 300 producers that make up the census of the nopal product system of the state of Morelos. The questionnaire involved data on information on the orchard, market, open questions and compliance or not with the checklist for the recognition of areas with the application of good use and management of pesticides (GUMP) in the primary production of vegetables of the Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria. Results: of the producers surveyed, 43 were unrecognized and 57 recognized in GUMP. Whether producers complied with this regulation and could have access to the export market depended on the cultivated area and the economic income it represents. The greatest non-compliance was due to the use of pesticides without authorization for their use in the crop, which represents a risk of contamination for the worker, the environment and consumers. Limitations on study/implications: it is suggested to carry out studies on the impact of the inappropriate use of pesticides on the health of agricultural workers, the environment and consumers. Findings/conclusions: the implementation of GUMP in the cultivation of nopal vegetables minimizes the risks of contamination or intoxication. However, the use of synthetic pesticides not authorized for the cultivation of nopal vegetables implies risks of contamination for the worker, consumer, and the environment. Therefore, strategies must be generated to guarantee the food safety as in the international market.Objective: To verify the risk factors associated with the use of agrochemicals, through the degree of compliancewith Mexican regulations on the Good Use and Management of Pesticides (BUMP).Design/Methodology/Approach: One-hundred producers, selected from a group of 300 producers who make up the register of the Sistema Producto Nopal in Morelos, Mexico, answered the questionnaire. The questionnaire included plot information, market data, and open questions about the compliance with the checklist for the recognition of areas where Good Use and Management of Pesticides (BUMP) standards are applied in the primary production of vegetables of the National Service of Health, Food Safety and Agro Food Quality (SENASICA)Results: Out of all the one-hundred producers surveyed, 57 were recognized in BUMP and 43 were not. Whether producers complied or not with these regulations and could have access to the export market depended on the crop area and the economic income it represents. The greatest non-compliance was caused by the non-authorized use of pesticides in the production of nopal, which represents a contamination risk for the worker, the environment, and the consumers.Study Limitations/Implications: Studies should be carried out about the impact on the health of farm workers and the environment resulting from the inappropriate use of pesticides.Findings/Conclusions: Although the implementation of BUMP in the nopal cultivation minimized the risks of contamination or poisoning, the non-authorized use of synthetic pesticides for its cultivation poses contamination risks to the worker, consumer, and environment. Therefore, strategies must be generated in the domestic market to guarantee the same food safety than in the international market

Radiative Transference Equation Algorithm as an ANSYS® User-Defined Function for Solar Technology Applications

Heat effects in photocatalytic reactor applications are discussed and a case study is analyzed where sunlight is used to activate a chemical reaction to degrade water pollutants. Heat is produced in the light-capturing process, and heat effects need to be better understood during the device design process. Radiative transfer equation (RTE) is the guiding equation used to calculate radiation proliferation in participating media, and it is used to describe the balance of radiative energy transport in the participating media including the interactions caused by different processes such as absorption, scattering, and emission, which also are subject to additional phenomena like weakening and magnification. This equation plays an important role in the design process since it may be included in the simulation process to represent the sunlight heat effects in the different photocatalytic reactor components. In this chapter, it is explained how to build a simplified algorithm to incorporate the RTE in a numerical calculation during the design of a photocatalytic reactor using the commercial software ANSYS®. In addition, simplifications are explained that enable the program to coordinate some coefficients such as absorption and dispersion so their effects are included within the numerical calculation. A user-defined function is presented in the end of the chapter as a usable algorithm in ANSYS® program with acceptable results for photocatalytic reactors

Tumor contralateral de testículo, debut a los 10 años de evaluación oncológica / Contralateral tumor of the testis, an onset at ten (10) years of oncological assessment: a case report

oven masculino, de la raza negra, de 41 años de edad, que en el año 1999, acude a consulta de urología del Hospital General "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" por un aumento de volumen del testículo izquierdo, no doloroso con diagnóstico clínico e imaginológico de tumor testicular izquierdo, es ingresado en el servicio de Urología, realizándole el tratamiento quirúrgico (orquiectomia izquierda ) constatándose el resultado biópsico que reporta seminoma clásico, clasificado (T1N1M0), asociando radioterapia y quimioterapia una evolución satisfactoria. El paciente es seguido en las consultas periódicas multidisciplinarías oncourológicas, en el 2009, 10 años después refiere dolor en testículo derecho, aumento de volumen en la porción media e inferior, que se interpreta de inicio como una orquiepididimitis, recibiendo un tratamiento con antibióticos (ciprofloxacina, amoxicilina ) sin respuesta al tratamiento. Los exámenes imageneológicos USG; TAC reportan imágenes nodulares con densidades variables en relación con proceso inflamatorio o tumoral y escasas adenopatías retroperitoniales e inguinales bilaterales la mayor 13mm, por lo que se decide realizar BAFF testicular derecho, comprobándose la existencia de células malignas. Se realiza la orquiectomia derecha, con el diagnóstico histopatológico seminoma testicular clásico T1NOMO-S0 (Etapa Clínica 1A). La evolución post operatoria es satisfactoria, se indica suplemento androgénico y radioterapia 30Gy. Actualmente asintomático.Palabras clave: Seminoma testicular clásico, orquiectomía.ABSTRACTA 41 years-old, black, male patient who in 1999 attended to the urology office at "Abel Santamaria Cuadrado" University Hospital with an increase of volume in the left testis, non-painful having the clinical and imaging diagnose of left testicular tumor, the patient was admitted in the Urology Service to undergo surgical treatment (left orchiectomy), verifying by biopsy, a classic seminoma, which was classified as T1N1MO. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy was indicated showing a satisfactory progress. The patient was followed-up in periodic multidisciplinary, onco-urologic consultations. In 2009, 10 years after, the patient complained of pain in the right testis, increase of volume in the middle-inferior portion of the testis that was interpreted as a process of epididymo-orchitis, starting with antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin),where no-treatment response was observed. Imaging examinations showed nodular imagines with variable densities in relation to an inflammatory or tumoral process and limited retro-perineal and inguinal-bilateral adenopathies <13mm, performing a BAAF in the right testis which verified the existence of malignant cells, a right orchiectomy was carried out, pathologic findings showed a classic testicular seminoma T1NOMO-S0 (Clinical stage 1A). Post operative progress is satisfactory, indicating the treatment of androgenic supplements and y-radiotherapy (30Gy). Currently the patient is asymptomatic.Key words: Classic testicular seminoma, orchiectom

Tumor contralateral de testículo, debut a los 10 años de evaluación oncológica / Contralateral tumor of the testis, an onset at ten (10) years of oncological assessment: a case report

oven masculino, de la raza negra, de 41 años de edad, que en el año 1999, acude a consulta de urología del Hospital General "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" por un aumento de volumen del testículo izquierdo, no doloroso con diagnóstico clínico e imaginológico de tumor testicular izquierdo, es ingresado en el servicio de Urología, realizándole el tratamiento quirúrgico (orquiectomia izquierda ) constatándose el resultado biópsico que reporta seminoma clásico, clasificado (T1N1M0), asociando radioterapia y quimioterapia una evolución satisfactoria. El paciente es seguido en las consultas periódicas multidisciplinarías oncourológicas, en el 2009, 10 años después refiere dolor en testículo derecho, aumento de volumen en la porción media e inferior, que se interpreta de inicio como una orquiepididimitis, recibiendo un tratamiento con antibióticos (ciprofloxacina, amoxicilina ) sin respuesta al tratamiento. Los exámenes imageneológicos USG; TAC reportan imágenes nodulares con densidades variables en relación con proceso inflamatorio o tumoral y escasas adenopatías retroperitoniales e inguinales bilaterales la mayor 13mm, por lo que se decide realizar BAFF testicular derecho, comprobándose la existencia de células malignas. Se realiza la orquiectomia derecha, con el diagnóstico histopatológico seminoma testicular clásico T1NOMO-S0 (Etapa Clínica 1A). La evolución post operatoria es satisfactoria, se indica suplemento androgénico y radioterapia 30Gy. Actualmente asintomático.Palabras clave: Seminoma testicular clásico, orquiectomía.ABSTRACTA 41 years-old, black, male patient who in 1999 attended to the urology office at "Abel Santamaria Cuadrado" University Hospital with an increase of volume in the left testis, non-painful having the clinical and imaging diagnose of left testicular tumor, the patient was admitted in the Urology Service to undergo surgical treatment (left orchiectomy), verifying by biopsy, a classic seminoma, which was classified as T1N1MO. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy was indicated showing a satisfactory progress. The patient was followed-up in periodic multidisciplinary, onco-urologic consultations. In 2009, 10 years after, the patient complained of pain in the right testis, increase of volume in the middle-inferior portion of the testis that was interpreted as a process of epididymo-orchitis, starting with antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin),where no-treatment response was observed. Imaging examinations showed nodular imagines with variable densities in relation to an inflammatory or tumoral process and limited retro-perineal and inguinal-bilateral adenopathies <13mm, performing a BAAF in the right testis which verified the existence of malignant cells, a right orchiectomy was carried out, pathologic findings showed a classic testicular seminoma T1NOMO-S0 (Clinical stage 1A). Post operative progress is satisfactory, indicating the treatment of androgenic supplements and y-radiotherapy (30Gy). Currently the patient is asymptomatic.Key words: Classic testicular seminoma, orchiectom