Discurso del rector de la Universidad Centroamericana José Simeón Cañas, Florentino Idoate, con motivo de la inauguración de la Universidad.

El discurso de apertura de la Universidad José Simeón Cañas, UCA quiere hacer énfasis en las proyecciones sociales que la inauguración de dicha universidad pretente realizar, para un efectivo cambio social, justo y solidario a través de profesionales competentes e integrales

Acute phase proteins in naturally occurring respiratory disease of feedlot cattle : a novel approach to diagnosis

Thesis supervisor: Dr. Meera Heller.Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most costly disease of feedlot cattle in the United States. Costs associated with BRD have been estimated from $13.90 to$15.57 per head with annual losses to the cattle industry exceeding $750 million. A presumptive diagnosis of BRD is usually based on clinical signs including elevated rectal temperatures. Physical exam alone lacks high sensitivity and specificity, leading to misclassification and unnecessary treatment or failure to treat true cases. More sophisticated diagnostic tests exist but are not practical in feedlot settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate three acute phase proteins [Haptoglobin (Hpt), Lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and Transferrin (Tf)] in feedlot cattle with naturally occurring respiratory disease diagnosed by a calf health scoring chart (CHSC). Seventy-seven beef calves was observed for signs of Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) during the first 28 days after arrival at the feedlot. Fourteen cases and pen matched controls were selected based on the CHSC. BRD cases were defined as a score of e5, while controls were defined as a score d 4. The mean CHSC score in cases was 6.9 which was significantly greater than the controls 2.8 (P < 0.01). Mean plasma LBP and Hpt concentrations were significantly greater in cases than controls (P < 0.01). Our study results show that measurement of Hpt and LBP could be useful in detecting respiratory disease in feedlot conditions. Transferrin concentrations between the two groups were not statistically different.Includes bibliographical references (pages 46-68)

La Merindad de Ultrapuertos en 1361

La Meindad de Ultrapuertos, Tierras de Vascos o Castellanía de San Juan era parte de la monarquía Navarra y pagaba sus tributos como se puede ver en los registros de Contos del Archivo General de Navarra. Se presenta el registro de Contos de 1361The district of Ultrapuertos, Tierras de Vascos (Lands of the Basques) or Castellanía de San Juan belonged to the Crown of Navarre and paid their taxes, as can be seen in the records of Accounts in the General Archives of Navarre. The author introduces the records of Accounts corresponding to 136

Exploring the relationship between geriatric patients and their carers through portraiture: giving, receiving, observing & witnessing care (GROWing Care)

The process of creating a portrait relies on a series of intimate interactions. Portraits, even those that depict a single individual, are a visual testament to a relationship. Portrait sitters are required to engage with artists in the creation of their personal visual narrative. As viewers of a portrait, we are invited to actively participate in other’s stories, to observe, to question, even stare. This process is integral to the portraits evolving meaning. Giving, receiving, observing & witnessing care (GROWing Care), the case study presented in this manuscript, draws on these multiple exchanges to explore the experience of dementia and portraiture among older adults and their partners in care as they work with artist/researcher Mark Gilbert, and geriatrician, Kenneth Rockwood

Multi-class strategies for joint building footprint and road detection in remote sensing

Building footprints and road networks are important inputs for a great deal of services. For instance, building maps are useful for urban planning, whereas road maps are essential for disaster response services. Traditionally, building and road maps are manually generated by remote sensing experts or land surveying, occasionally assisted by semi-automatic tools. In the last decade, deep learning-based approaches have demonstrated their capabilities to extract these elements automatically and accurately from remote sensing imagery. The building footprint and road network detection problem can be considered a multi-class semantic segmentation task, that is, a single model performs a pixel-wise classification on multiple classes, optimizing the overall performance. However, depending on the spatial resolution of the imagery used, both classes may coexist within the same pixel, drastically reducing their separability. In this regard, binary decomposition techniques, which have been widely studied in the machine learning literature, are proved useful for addressing multiclass problems. Accordingly, the multi-class problem can be split into multiple binary semantic segmentation sub-problems, specializing different models for each class. Nevertheless, in these cases, an aggregation step is required to obtain the final output labels. Additionally, other novel approaches, such as multi-task learning, may come in handy to further increase the performance of the binary semantic segmentation models. Since there is no certainty as to which strategy should be carried out to accurately tackle a multi-class remote sensing semantic segmentation problem, this paper performs an in-depth study to shed light on the issue. For this purpose, open-access Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 imagery (at 10 m) are considered for extracting buildings and roads, making use of the well-known U-Net convolutional neural network. It is worth stressing that building and road classes may coexist within the same pixel when working at such a low spatial resolution, setting a challenging problem scheme. Accordingly, a robust experimental study is developed to assess the benefits of the decomposition strategies and their combination with a multi-task learning scheme. The obtained results demonstrate that decomposing the considered multi-class remote sensing semantic segmentation problem into multiple binary ones using a One-vs-All binary decomposition technique leads to better results than the standard direct multi-class approach. Additionally, the benefits of using a multi-task learning scheme for pushing the performance of binary segmentation models are also shown.Christian Ayala was partially supported by the Goverment of Navarra under the industrial PhD program 2020 reference 0011-1408-2020-000008. Mikel Galar was partially supported by Tracasa Instrumental S.L. under projects OTRI 2018-901-073, OTRI 2019-901-091 and OTRI 2020-901-050, and by the Spanish MICIN (PID2019-108392GB-I00 / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033)

Actualización sobre la biología molecular de los gliomas: hacia una clasificación patomolecular de los gliomas

To review the current state of the classification and oncogenesis of gliomas, emphasizing those biologic parameters with special clinical significance. DEVELOPMENT: In the current classification, both histologic grade and phenotype are considered the pathological features with more relevant clinical impact. These factors are an obligatory reference for both all molecular studies and a new classification. The relationship between the oligodendroglial phenotype and the loss of chromosomes 1p and 19q is a useful data in the histopathologic differential diagnosis. The new pathologic-molecular classification should take into account the current state of knowledge about the malignization pathways of gliomas, which have prognostic significance. The neoplastic biological potential should be determined in each case according with the tumoral heterogeneity. Then, this evaluation can be based on tumoral microdissection. Although no well established prognostic molecular profiles are available, several molecular alterations are relevant such as chromosome 10 deletion, especially of the 10q23 region, mutation of PTEN and TP53 genes and amplification or mutation of EGFR. For treatment purposes, the combined deletion 1p/19q identifies the anaplastic type of oligodendrogliomas that are more responsive to chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The new pathomolecular classification of gliomas should improve the old one, especially being concerned about the oncogenesis and heterogeneity of these tumors. It is desirable that this classification has clinical applicability and can integrate new molecular findings with some known histological features with prognostic value

What Lawrence’s Story Tells Health Researchers About Arts-Based Interactions

In arts-based-research, knowledge and meaning emerge from people’s experiences of being in dynamic, ambiguous, intentional, and ethical relationships with each other and the arts. This case study draws on Launer’s “7 C’s” (context, conversations, curiosity, complexity, challenge, caution, and care) to understand the aesthetics (shape and form) and ethics of relationships between an artist-researcher and patient-sitter in portraiture-based medical research. This case supports the 7 C’s being embodied in the art-making process, as the approach can usefully frame ethical challenges and rewards of portraiture-based health research for artist-researcher and patient-participant