The metamorphic environments of the Strontian, Foyers and Dalbeattie intrusions, Scotland

Three metamorphic aureoles around intrusions of the Caledonian 'Newer Granite' suite are described. Each represents a different orogenic environment. The Strontian complex is intruded into sillimanite grade Moinian metasediments at the core of the orogen. The aureole comprises three zones; a transitional muscovite + sillimanite + K-feldspar zone, a sillimanite + K-feldspar zone and an inner cordierite + K-feldspar zone. Contact migmatization occurs in the inner part of the aureole. Zoning profiles from garnets in both regional and aureole assemblages show retrograde Mn-rich rims. Fe and Mg compositions are re-equilibrated to contact conditions. Apparent re-equilibration of Ca compositions results from increasingly ideal solid solution behaviour of Ca in plagioclase and garnet with increasing temperature. Temperatures of 690°C at 4.1 kbar (XH2O = 0.53) are estimated in the cordierite + K-feldspar zone, dropping to 630°C (XH2O = 0.69) at the sillimanite + K-feldspar isograd. The zones increase in width to the east, influenced by the regional thermal gradient at the time of intrusion. The timer-scale of the contact event, t2, relative to the regional, tl, - is estimated as t2/t1 = 101.1+ -0.7 and is consistent with Intrusion at an early stage of regional uplift and cooling. The Foyers complex intrudes Moinian rocks at a higher structural level. Regional assemblages range from garnet to sillimanite grade. Three contact zones are recognised; a sillimanite zone, a sillimanite + K-feldspar zone and an inner cordierite + K-feldspar zone. The limit of the aureole is marked by the breakdown of garnet which shows disequilibrium, both texturally, and in complex zoning profiles, within it. Temperatures of 660°C at 3.9 kbar (XH20 = 0.14) are estimated in the cordierite + K-feldspar zone? The Dalbeattie complex is at the margin of the orogen, intruded into low grade Silurian metasediments. Two zones are recognised; a biotite zone and an inner hornblende zone. Cordierite and diopside are present in the inner zone

TAIL: Data Structures Tutorial Site

Any intermediate computer programmer will learn data structures. A data structure stores and organizes in-formation into useful groups in order for a computer program to run as efficiently as possible. Data structures become extremely important when managing large amounts of data, whether it be as simple as managing statistics for a basketball team, or as critical as accounts for online banking. The current way to learn data structures is through classes and online Java applets. In classes, most professors teach by drawing the data structure and editing the information on a board. Data structure tutorial websites mimic this visual way of teaching. No one, single site includes all types of data structures, which can be confusing and inconvenient for programmers. Current websites that teach data structures use Java applets which are obsolete, insecure, and run slowly. Most popular browsers disable Java by default because of these concerns. In order to use Java applets, users first find a site that has the proper data structure. Then, users must enable Java on the page in order to run the applet. When Java is disabled, browsers open a pop-up window informing users of Javas security risks and asking them if they would like to enable Java. Most users are discouraged by pop-ups because they are either unfamiliar with the warning or are concerned with security risks and will navigate away from the page. Finally, because each website is different, a user must adapt to the interface of that particular applet. We will have built a website that provides users with one, single place to find all the data structures they need. Our website includes most of the common data structures and allows users to easily create their own if they are not included. We have developed a pseudocode language, and accompanying compiler, that allows users without advanced web programming backgrounds to create their own data structures. Users describe their data structures in a high level, pseudocode language which is then be translated into code appropriate for the web. Users are able to create data structures in our language and the compiler handles the programming necessary to display that data structure visually. Our site makes use of modern web technologies, such as JavaScript and HTML5, to avoid the downfalls associated with Java applets. The website runs quickly and efficiently on all major Internet browsers to provide a hassle-free and hands-on tutorial for programmers wishing to learn data structures

Regeneration revival? Making housing-led regeneration work across England

This report contains findings from a study into housing led regeneration. The report addressed three questions: What are the potential benefits of housing-led regeneration in the current context? What types of housing-led regeneration projects are currently occurring? What lessons can be learned from current housing-led regeneration projects and the barriers they face? The study found the positive benefits of regeneration expenditure and provide a series of lessons to policy makers and practitioners

"I am getting old and that takes some getting used to" : Dimensions of body image for older men

“I am getting old and that takes some getting used to”: dimensions of body image for older men

Design and synthesis of ligands for luminescent metal complexes

Luminescent metal complexes have been extensively investigated for a wide range of applications, including biological imaging and organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The ligand 2,6-bispyrazolepyridine (bppy) has shown itself to be an extremely effective sensitizer for Eu³⁺ complexes. Derivatives of this ligand have been synthesized with various oxygen containing groups attached at the 4 position of the pyrazoles. A novel diphosphine containing ligand with a terthiophene backbone has been synthesized. It is believed that this ligand could be used in Cu¹⁺ complexes to create electropolymers capable of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF).Chemistr

A framework for damage modeling in multi-constituent laminated materials

This work contains analysis of directionally oriented material with heterogeneity across the spacial domain, between materials, and over time. Composite material containing directionally oriented material have become a necessity in the world of structural, mechanical, aerospace, and material engineering design. To account for the thermomechanical curing processes that these materials undergo when dealing with highly heterogeneous materials can cause deformation and eventually damage to the overall structure of the material. There are two methods discussed throughout the document: mixture theory to discuss the evolving curing and thermal effects on the structural behavior of a fiber reinforced laminate structure and a Discontinuous Galerkin method with return mapping algorithms to allow for damage when undergoing large deformation to be analyzed along the interface of heterogeneous materials. These two methods are collectively used to find weaknesses and faults in newly discovered fibrous and directionally oriented materials

Energetic and Environmental Constraints on the Community Structure of Benthic Microbial Mats in Lake Fryxell, Antarctica.

Ecological communities are regulated by the flow of energy through environments. Energy flow is typically limited by access to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and oxygen concentration (O2). The microbial mats growing on the bottom of Lake Fryxell, Antarctica, have well-defined environmental gradients in PAR and (O2). We analyzed the metagenomes of layers from these microbial mats to test the extent to which access to oxygen and light controls community structure. We found variation in the diversity and relative abundances of Archaea, Bacteria and Eukaryotes across three (O2) and PAR conditions: high (O2) and maximum PAR, variable (O2) with lower maximum PAR, and low (O2) and maximum PAR. We found distinct communities structured by the optimization of energy use on a millimeter-scale across these conditions. In mat layers where (O2) was saturated, PAR structured the community. In contrast, (O2) positively correlated with diversity and affected the distribution of dominant populations across the three habitats, suggesting that meter-scale diversity is structured by energy availability. Microbial communities changed across covarying gradients of PAR and (O2). The comprehensive metagenomic analysis suggests that the benthic microbial communities in Lake Fryxell are structured by energy flow across both meter- and millimeter-scales