Percepción de disponibilidad temporal : efectos sobre los resultados en evaluaciones de niños de sexto de primaria

El objetivo de este trabajo es comprobar hasta qué punto la percepción de disponer de un tiempo diferente del real repercute en el rendimiento en situaciones de evaluación. Un total de 92 alumnos de 6º de primaria, repartidos aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos de 23, realizaron la prueba de concepción espacial del test PMA. A pesar de que cada grupo en realidad dispuso de 5 minutos, se les indicó que dispondrían de: 3 minutos; 5 minutos; 7 minutos; y tiempo ilimitado, respectivamente. Los resultados muestran que una percepción de disponibilidad temporal moderadamente mayor a la real mejora de manera significativa el desempeño, repercutiendo especialmente en un menor número de errores. Estos resultados permiten plantear mejoras en el proceso de evaluación, tanto académica como psicométricaThe aim of this research is to test weather the perception of time availability different from the actual task time might modify the task's outcome. 92 students of Sixth Grade, randomized in 4 different groups were tested with the PMA spatial scale for a period. Although each group indeed had 5 minutes to respond, they were informed that the available time was: 3 minutes; 5 minutes; 7 minutes; and no time limit, respectively. Results show that the perception of a slightly larger availability of time improves significantly the performance, being the errors notably lesser than those in the other groups. Such results support some lines of evaluation processes enhancement, both academic and psychometri

Assessment of implicit interests through an unobtrusive computer task. Their relations with career decision, anxiety, and personality traits

Adolescence is a period where youngsters still do not know much about themselves. That makes some decisions, like those concerning vocational elections, a complicated issue that has important consequences for their life. The main goal of this piece of research is to measure implicit interests using a situated, unobtrusive computer tool (PrUnAs: Preferences Unobtrusive Assessment) as well as its connection with anxiety and personality traits: neuroticism, extraversion, self-efficacy, optimism, consciousness, and openness. Sample: 304 16-year-old adolescents enrolled in the last course of compulsory education. Instruments: Computer programs were used to measure implicit interests, career preferences, and to self-descript personality traits; finally, the paper-and-pencil test Stai was applied to measure anxiety. Results: Concordance between implicit interests and explicit choices was less than 50%. The software developed for assessing implicit interests not only proved to be an efficient tool to make them arise but also a good predictor of anxiety. Conclusions: Implicit interests and explicit elections are not the same. The approach from implicit preferences is an important shift in the approximation to vocational guiding and to reduce youngsters' indecision level. Beyond vocational choice, this information may improve the short-and long-term quality of life and mental health

Quin indicador utilitzaré en una valoració àcid-base?

Parlar de volumetries àcid-base porta associats termes com ara alíquotes, indicadors, corbes de valoració, punt d'equivalència i punt final d'una valoració. Per al alumnes no és fàcil d'entendre la utilitat de les corbes de valoració, ni el punt final. Els indicadors i els seus colors són dades que hi ha als llibres, però els alumnes no entenen la seva utilitat. Aquest treball pràctic pretén ajudar els alumnes en la comprensió d'aquests conceptes mitjançant un treball experimental d'obtenció de corbes de valoració entre àcids i bases diferents. També pretén que dedueixin quins indicadors són els més adients per a una valoració determinada.Acid-base titrations are connected with aliquots, indicators, titration curves, equivalence point and end point. Understanding the use of titration curves as well as the end point of a volumetry might prove difficult for students Information on indicators and their colors is widely. The aim of this practice is to make students understand these concepts through the experimental calculation of titration curves between different acids and bases. Eventually, students will learn which indicator is the right one for a specific titration

Identificació, aixecament i catalogació d'edificis públics als campaments de refugiats sahrauís

El projecte parteix d’un marc històric que comença en el procés de descolonització del Sàhara Occidental. Aquesta regió és l’última del magreb a ser descolonitzada, la qual passa a pertànyer al Marroc i Mauritània. Arran d’aquest fet és genera un conflicte bèl·lic a tres parts que acaba amb l’èxode d’una part de la població sahrauí a terres algerines. S’instal·len als voltants de la ciutat de Tindouf en improvisats assentaments fugint del foc enemic. Per donar peu a la catalogació dels edificis públics, hem estudiat l’evolució i creixement dels campaments, des de les primeres haimes fins a les actuals vivendes. I com les necessitats de la població han acabat influint en la ubicació dels equipaments públics dins el teixit urbà. Després de les dues estades a terres sahrauís, hem aconseguit identificar i fer l’aixecament de trenta edificis repartits en diferents campaments. La catalogació ha seguit el criteri d’analitzar aquests edificis segons el seu ús i els seus sistemes i materials constructius. El catàleg conté fitxes dels equipaments estudiats on es mostra la planta, els principals alçats, alguna secció, detalls i les fotografies més representatives. A part del contingut gràfic també s’hi troben una taula amb les dades generals de l’edifici i una altra amb dades constructives. Aquesta última, conté la informació sobre les deficiències detectades del procés de construcció o disseny i les lesions detectades que són descrites a l’apartat de l’anàlisi

Numerical modeling of the double punch test for plain concrete

Double punch test is used to indirectly assess the tensile strength of plain concrete, ft. For this normalized test, the tensile strength is obtained as a function of the failure load, P, which is expressed as f_t = F(P). Different authors have proposed different expressions for the relation F(·), yielding scattered values of f_t. None of these alternatives is universally recognized as being more suitable than the others. In fact, these expressions are mainly based on elastic models considering the maximum tensile stress under the load P and ft is obtained as an output of the linear model. A numerical simulation allows using models in which f_t is an input of the material model and the corresponding failure load P is obtained associated with each value of f_t. In the present work, double punch test is simulated numerically considering two alternatives for modeling plain concrete accounting for damage and cracking: (a) the nonlocal Mazars damage model and (b) an heuristic crack model including joint elements in an a priori defined crack pattern. Numerical results are validated with experimental data and compared with the analytical expressions available in the literature.Preprin

Discrete meso-modeling of steel fiber reinforced concrete: simulation of flexural behavior

Concrete provides with a variety of innovative designs, but two characteristics have limited its use: it is brittle and weak under tension. One way to overcome this problem is to add steel fibers into the concrete matrix, a technique introduced in the 70's called Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC). Fibers shape, length and slenderness characterize its behavior. It is also necessary to take into account the orientation and the distribution of the fibers in the concrete matrix. Different flexural tests are reproduced considering SFRC in order to characterize and analyze the influence of the fibers. Inthe present work, a numerical tool for including fibers into plain concrete is presented. The numerical approach considered is based on the idea of the Immersed Boundary (IB) methods which were designed for solving problems of a solid structure immersed on a fluid. Herein, the IB method is applied for SFRC considering the concrete accounting for fluid and the steel fibers playing the role of the solid structure. Thus, the philosophy of the IB methodology is used to couple the behavior of the two systems, the concrete bulk and the fiber cloud, precluding the need of matching finite element meshes. Note that, considering the different size scales and the intricate geometry of the fiber cloud, the conformal matching of the meshes would be a restriction resulting in a practically unaffordable mesh. Concrete is modeled considering a nonlinear model and to take into account the whole process between fibers and concrete, the constitutive equations of the fibers are based on analytical expressions available in the literature describing the pullout test behavior. The constitutive expressions depend on (1) the angle between each fiber and the crack of the concrete specimen and (2) the shape of the fiber.Postprint (published version

Model validation for the numerical simulation of the Double Punch Test

The Double Punch test, an indirect traction test, is simulated numerically considering two different models (the nonlocal Mazars damage model and an heuristic crack model with joint elements). The test was designed to measure indirectly the tensile strength of concrete, hence, through these two numerical models, we are able to assess the tensile strength numerically. Experimental results present scattering when assessing the tensile strength, therefore, other tests are needed to set all the material and geometrical parameters of the numerical models. Both models are validated for the Double Punch test.Postprint (published version

Com traduir i modificar un dels formats bibliogràfics de RefWorks al castellà

L'ús de gestors de referències com RefWorks agilitza el treball dels autors però el seu ús en castellà presenta dificultats a causa de la seva construcció original en anglès. Per això, un dels formats de RefWorks s'ha adaptat a les normes gramaticals i ortogràfiques del castellà i s'ha posat a disposició de la comunitat científica

Effect of the frustration of psychological needs on addictive behaviors in mobile videogamers. The mediating role of use expectancies and time spent gaming

Casual videogames (CVGs), played on smartphones, are becoming increasingly popular, especially among females and adults. Whereas the addictive potential of online (computer) videogames is well-established, there is yet insufficient evidence for Internet gaming disorder (IGD) in mobile gamers and for the mediating role of some mechanisms involved. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the frustration of psychological needs on mobile videogamers' addictive behavior as well as the role of cognitions (game-use expectancies) and behaviors (time spent playing) through a hypothesized serial mediation model, while controlling for important correlates, such as game genre, age, gender and payment during play. A total of 471 mobile game users (211 males) with an average age of 21.73 replied to an online survey containing sociodemographic and game variables, the Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (NSFS), the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF) and a slightly modified version of the Internet Use Expectancies Scale (IUES). The results corroborate the negative effects of need frustration on IGD among mobile gamers and clarify the role of time spent playing and game-use expectancies in the development of IGD, highlighting the important role of cognitions in this relationship. We conclude that both the time spent playing and game-use expectancies should be important targets for clinical interventions, even though they are not included in the diagnostic criteri