Identification of differentially expressed genes in pathways of cerebral neurotransmission of anovulatory mice

Polycystic ovary syndrome is the classic example of loss of functional cyclicity and anomalous feedback. In this case, the excessive extra-glandular production and conversion of androgens to estrogens are the pathophysiological basis of the chronic anovulation. The literature describes an experimental model of the polymicrocystic ovary in obese diabetic mice with insulin resistance. The fact that these animals exhibit obesity, insulin resistance, and infertility demonstrates their skill as an experimental model for polycystic ovary. A recent study using long protocol for up to 40 weeks showed that anovulatory and obese mice transplanted with adipose tissue from animals with normal weight have multiple changes in their phenotype. These changes include reduction of body weight, prevention of obesity, insulin level normalization, and insulin tolerance tests, preventing the elevation of steroids and especially the reversal of fertility restoration with anovulation. Considering that there are close relationships between the ovulation process and the central nervous system, we propose to evaluate the gene expression levels of 84 different genes involved in neurotransmission and insulin pathways in addition to examining the neurolipidosis differential murine brain before and after reversal of anovulation. The present study showed changes in gene expression of molecular markers in brain tissue of animals for brain neurotransmission pathways as well as pathways for insulin. GABAergic genes, muscarinic, serotonin receptors, receptor tyrosine kinase, and genes of interleukin 6 showed overexpression profile. There was also a change in the lipid content in anovulatory brain, obesity, and insulin resistant mice (Ob-/Ob-) compared with controls. The re-introduction of leptin in these animals appears to reverse, at least in part, this profile.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Lab Ginecol Mol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Lab Ginecol Mol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

A importância da microscopia electrónica no estudo taxonómico do recife algal fóssil da Prainha.

XXXVIII Reunião Anual da Sociedade Portuguesa de Microscopia Electrónica e Biologia Celular. Ponta Delgada, Açores, 5-7 de Dezembro de 2003

Respiratory and non-respiratory outcomes of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in adolescents: A systematic review

Background: There is lack of evidence synthesis on the global consequences of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in adolescence. Aim: Assess the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia on respiratory and non-respiratory outcomes in adolescents.Methods: A systematic review of studies assessing the outcomes of adolescents aged 10 to 19 years-old with BPD was conducted. We independently screened studies published until 6th March 2023 in PubMed (R) and Scopus (R) databases. Data on methodologic design, sample descriptive and findings were extracted from each study. Risk of bias was assessed using quality assessment tools.Results: Thirty-one studies were included. Adolescents with a history of BPD present with more respiratory symptoms (wheezing, respiratory exacerbations, need for respiratory medication) and twenty-five studies showed a reduction in pulmonary function, with varying impact according to BPD severity and no differences before and after the surfactant era. Spirometry evaluation throughout the years is not consensual, but meth-acholine and salbutamol response in BPD groups is increased compared to non-BPD groups. Markers of eosin-ophilic airway inflammation are not increased as in asthma patients. Exercise potential is identical, but data regarding physical capacity and activity are inconsistent. More frequent radiologic abnormalities translate into higher high-resolution computed tomography scores, with linear (72.2 %) and triangular subpleural opacities (58.3 %) as the most common findings. There is a higher risk for special needs in education, but quality of life seems to be equal to non-BPD adolescents.Conclusions: BPD negatively impacts both pulmonary and non-pulmonary outcomes in adolescents

Pressure and chemical substitution effects in the local atomic structure of BaFe2As2

The effects of K and Co substitutions and quasi-hydrostatic applied pressure (P<9 GPa) in the local atomic structure of BaFe2As2, Ba(Fe{0.937}Co{0.063})2As2 and Ba{0.85}K{0.15}Fe2As2 superconductors were investigated by extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements in the As K absorption edge. The As-Fe bond length is found to be slightly reduced (<~ 0.01 Angstroms) by both Co and K substitutions, without any observable increment in the corresponding Debye Waller factor. Also, this bond is shown to be compressible (k = 3.3(3)x10^{-3} GPa^{-1}). The observed contractions of As-Fe bond under pressure and chemical substitutions are likely related with a reduction of the local Fe magnetic moments, and should be an important tuning parameter in the phase diagrams of the Fe-based superconductors.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

First observation of Cherenkov rings with a large area CsI-TGEM-based RICH prototype

We have built a RICH detector prototype consisting of a liquid C6F14 radiator and six triple Thick Gaseous Electron Multipliers (TGEMs), each of them having an active area of 10x10 cm2. One triple TGEM has been placed behind the liquid radiator in order to detect the beam particles, whereas the other five have been positioned around the central one at a distance to collect the Cherenkov photons. The upstream electrode of each of the TGEM stacks has been coated with a 0.4 micron thick CsI layer. In this paper, we will present the results from a series of laboratory tests with this prototype carried out using UV light, 6 keV photons from 55Fe and electrons from 90Sr as well as recent results of tests with a beam of charged pions where for the first time Cherenkov Ring images have been successfully recorded with TGEM photodetectors. The achieved results prove the feasibility of building a large area Cherenkov detector consisting of a matrix of TGEMs.Comment: Presented at the International Conference NDIP-11, Lyon,July201

Chylothorax in the neonate-A stepwise approach algorithm

Background: Chylothorax in neonates results from leakage of lymph from thoracic lymphatic ducts and is mainly congenital or posttraumatic. The clinical course of the effusion is heterogeneous, and consensus on treatment, timing, and modalities of measures has not yet been established. This review aims to present, along with levels of evidence and recommendation grades, all current therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of chylothorax in neonates. Methods: An extensive search of publications between 1970 and 2020 was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and UpToDate databases. A stepwise approach algorithm was proposed for both congenital and traumatic conditions to guide the clinician in a rational and systematic way for approaching the treatment of neonates with chylothorax. Discussion and conclusion: The treatment strategy for neonatal chylothorax generally involves supportive care and includes drainage and procedures to reduce chyle flow. A stepwise approach starting with the least invasive method is advocated. Progression in the invasiveness of treatment options is determined by the response to previous treatments. A practical stepwise approach algorithm is proposed for both, congenital and traumatic chylothoraces

May measurement month 2018: an analyses of blood pressure screening results from Cabo Verde.

Raised blood pressure (BP) is the biggest contributor to mortality and disease burden in Cabo Verde. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global campaign set up in 2017 to raise awareness of high BP. In 2018, we aimed to expand the campaign by including a greater number of centres to increase awareness. Nine islands participated in MMM 2018. Volunteers (≥18 years) were recruited through opportunistic sampling at a variety of screening sites. Each participant had three BP measurements and completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or taking antihypertensive medication. In total, 98.0% of screenees provided three BP readings and multiple imputation using chained equations was used to impute missing readings. A total of 8008 individuals (mean age 40.4 years; 68.5% female) were screened. After multiple imputation, 2666 (33.3%) individuals had hypertension, of whom 74.8% were aware of their previous diagnosis and 55.8% were taking antihypertensive medication. Of those on medication, 39.1% were controlled and of all hypertensives, 21.8% were controlled. We detected 44.2% of individuals with untreated hypertension and 60.9% of treated individuals were inadequately treated. The Cape Verdean population is ageing and consequently cardiovascular disease is increasing, with hypertension being an important risk factor. Corrective actions need to be taken by the government. MMM is an ideal initiative to reach the public by raising awareness of this major cardiovascular risk factor