Beltrami equations with coefficient in the Sobolev space W1,p

We study the removable singularities for solutions to the Beltrami equation ∂f = µ ∂f, where µ is a bounded function, kµk∞ ≤ K−1 K+1 < 1, and such that µ ∈ W1,p for some p ≤ 2. Our results are based on an extended version of the well known Weyl's lemma, asserting that distributional solutions are actually true solutions. Our main result is that quasiconformal mappings with compactly supported Beltrami coefficient µ ∈ W1,p, 2K2 K2+1 < p ≤ 2, preserve compact sets of σ-finite length and vanishing analytic capacity, even though they need not be bilipschitz

Tailoring the specificity of the type C feruloyl esterase FoFaeC from Fusarium oxysporum towards methyl sinapate by rational redesign based on small molecule docking simulations

The type C feruloyl esterase FoFaeC from Fusarium oxysporum is a newly discovered enzyme with high potential for use in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass but it shows low activity towards sinapates. In this work, small molecule docking simulations were employed in order to identify important residues for the binding of the four model methyl esters of hydroxycinnamic acids, methyl ferulate/caffeate/sinapate/p-coumarate, to the predicted structure of FoFaeC. Subsequently rational redesign was applied to the enzyme’ active site in order to improve its specificity towards methyl sinapate. A double mutation (F230H/T202V) was considered to provide hydrophobic environment for stabilization of the methoxy substitution on sinapate and a larger binding pocket. Five mutant clones and the wild type were produced in Pichia pastoris and biochemically characterized. All clones showed improved activity, substrate affinity, catalytic efficiency and turnover rate compared to the wild type against methyl sinapate, with clone P13 showing a 5-fold improvement in catalytic efficiency. Although the affinity of all mutant clones was improved against the four model substrates, the catalytic efficiency and turnover rate decreased for the substrates containing a hydroxyl substitution

Mononuclear Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes with an α-N-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazone: Cytotoxicity, solution behaviour and interaction: Versus proven models from biological media

Two Pd(ii) and Pt(ii) complexes with two pyrrol-2-carbaldehyde N-p-chlorophenylthiosemicarbazone ligands are designed and characterized showing mononuclear structures. An important pharmacological property for both compounds is the high selectivity for tumor cells and a lack of activity in healthy cells. The Pd(ii) compound shows a higher antitumor activity and selectivity than the Pt(ii) compound. Both complexes present a variety of biological interactions: with DNA models (pBR322 and CT DNA), proteins (lysozyme and RNase) and other biological targets like proteosome. Our results show that the Pd(ii) complex is a more interesting candidate for potential anticancer therapies than the Pt(ii) complex, and we provide new insight into the design and synthesis of palladium compounds as potential antitumor agents.This work was supported by the following grants for the Spanish MINECO: SAF-2012-34424, CTQ2015-68779R and CTQ2015-70371-RED

Effectiveness of Chitosan Films Impregnated With Ciprofloxacin for the Prophylaxis of Osteomyelitis in Open Fractures: An Experimental Study in Rats

Background: The systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis is the standard treatment in the prevention of osteomyelitis after open fractures, with topical application of antimicrobials as an alternative due to their high concentrations at the site of the fracture, low systemic concentrations and fewer side effects. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylaxis of osteomyelitis through experimental model of open fractures with the use of chitosan films, whether or not impregnated with ciprofloxacin. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 Holtzman rats were distributed into 4 groups of 6 rats each. The CT (control of treatment) group: an open fracture model treated with systemic antimicrobial; the IC (infection control) group: an open fracture untreated model; the C (chitosan) group: an open fracture model treated using a chitosan film; and the CA (chitosan with antimicrobial) group: an open fracture model treated using a chitosan film impregnated with antimicrobial. After 3 weeks the animals were killed by an overdose of anesthetic, and a fragment osseous was removed for histological and microbiological analysis. The comparisons between the groups considered significant values of P ≤ 0.05. Results: In cultures of the CT group, there was less bacterial growth compared to the results of the cultures of the IC (P = 0.005), C (P = 0.005) and CA (P = 0.009) groups. The inflammation was lower in the CT group compared to the IC (P = 0.014), C (P = 0.001) and CA (P = 0.007) groups. Conclusions: In this experimental model of open fracture, the chitosan film pure or impregnated with ciprofloxacin was not effective in the prophylaxis of osteomyelitis

Mononuclear Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes with an α-N-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazone: cytotoxicity, solution behaviour and interaction <i>versus</i> proven models from biological media

Two Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes with two pyrrol-2-carbaldehyde N-p-chlorophenylthiosemicarbazone ligands are designed and characterized showing mononuclear structures. An important pharmacological property for both compounds is the high selectivity for tumor cells and a lack of activity in healthy cells. The Pd(II) compound shows a higher antitumor activity and selectivity than the Pt(II) compound. Both complexes present a variety of biological interactions: with DNA models (pBR322 and CT DNA), proteins (lysozyme and RNase) and other biological targets like proteosome. Our results show that the Pd(II) complex is a more interesting candidate for potential anticancer therapies than the Pt(II) complex, and we provide new insight into the design and synthesis of palladium compounds as potential antitumor agents.Puede accederse a los datos primarios de este trabajo haciendo clic en "Documentos relacionados".Facultad de Ciencias ExactasCentro de Química Inorgánic

Visual perceptual load induces inattentional deafness

In this article, we establish a new phenomenon of “inattentional deafness” and highlight the level of load on visual attention as a critical determinant of this phenomenon. In three experiments, we modified an inattentional blindness paradigm to assess inattentional deafness. Participants made either a low- or high-load visual discrimination concerning a cross shape (respectively, a discrimination of line color or of line length with a subtle length difference). A brief pure tone was presented simultaneously with the visual task display on a final trial. Failures to notice the presence of this tone (i.e., inattentional deafness) reached a rate of 79% in the high-visual-load condition, significantly more than in the low-load condition. These findings establish the phenomenon of inattentional deafness under visual load, thereby extending the load theory of attention (e.g., Lavie, Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 25, 596–616, 1995) to address the cross-modal effects of visual perceptual load

Fine-mapping of 5q12.1-13.3 unveils new genetic contributors to caries

Caries is a multifactorial disease and little is still known about the host genetic factors influencing susceptibility. Our previous genome-wide linkage scan has identified the interval 5q12.1–5q13.3 as linked to low caries susceptibility in Filipino families. Here we fine-mapped this region in order to identify genetic contributors to caries susceptibility. Four hundred and seventy-seven subjects from 72 pedigrees with similar cultural and behavioral habits and limited access to dental care living in the Philippines were studied. DMFT scores and genotype data of 75 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were evaluated in the Filipino families with the Family-Based Association Test. For replication purposes, a total 1,467 independent subjects from five different populations were analyzed in a case-control format. In the Filipino cohort, statistically significant and borderline associations were found between low caries experience and four genes spanning 13 million base pairs (PART1, ZSWIM6, CCNB1, and BTF3). We were able to replicate these results in some of the populations studied. We detected PART1 and BTF3 expression in whole saliva, and the expression of BTF3 was associated with caries experience. Our results suggest BTF3 may have a functional role in protecting against caries.Fil: Shimizu, T.. Nihon University of Dentistry; JapónFil: Deeley, K.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Briseño Ruiz, J.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Faraco Junior, I. M.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Poletta, Fernando Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno". CEMIC-CONICET.; ArgentinaFil: Brancher, J. A.. Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná; BrasilFil: Pecharki, G. D.. Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná; BrasilFil: Küchler, E. C.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Tannure, P. N.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Lips, A.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Vieira, T. C. S.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Patir, A.. Istanbul Medipol Universit; TurquíaFil: Yildirim, M.. Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Mereb, J. C.. Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas “Norberto Quirno”; ArgentinaFil: Resick, J. M.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Brandon, C. A.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Cooper, M. E.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Seymen, F.. Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Costa, M. C.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Granjeiro, J. M.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Trevilatto, P. C.. Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná; BrasilFil: Orioli, I. M.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas “Norberto Quirno”; ArgentinaFil: Castilla, Eduardo Enrique. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno". CEMIC-CONICET.; ArgentinaFil: Marazita, M. L.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Vieira, A. R.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados Unido