Resonant Kushi-comb-like multi-frequency radiation of oscillating two-color soliton molecules

Nonlinear waveguides with two distinct domains of anomalous dispersion can support the formation of molecule-like two-color pulse compounds. They consist of two tightly bound subpulses with frequency loci separated by a vast frequency gap. Perturbing such a two-color pulse compound triggers periodic amplitude and width variations, reminiscent of molecular vibrations. With increasing strength of perturbation, the dynamics of the pulse compound changes from harmonic to nonlinear oscillations. The periodic amplitude variations enable coupling of the pulse compound to dispersive waves, resulting in the resonant emission of multi-frequency radiation. We demonstrate that the location of the resonances can be precisely predicted by phase-matching conditions. If the pulse compound consists of a pair of identical subpulses, inherent symmetries lead to degeneracies in the resonance spectrum. Weak perturbations lift existing degeneracies and cause a splitting of the resonance lines into multiple lines. Strong perturbations result in more complex emission spectra, characterized by well separated spectral bands caused by resonant Cherenkov radiation and additional four-wave mixing processes

Пуриновый метаболизм при острой церебральной ишемии

Objective: to study the specific features of purine metabolism in clinically significant acute cerebral ischemia. Subjects and materials. Three hundred and fifty patients with the acutest cerebral ischemic stroke were examined. The parameters of gas and electrolyte composition, acid-base balance, the levels of malonic dialdehyde, adenine, guanine, hypox-anthine, xanthine, and uric acid, and the activity of xanthine oxidase were determined in arterial and venous bloods and spinal fluid. Results. In ischemic stroke, hyperuricemia reflects the severity of cerebral metabolic disturbances, hemodynamic instability, hypercoagulation susceptiility, and the extent of neurological deficit. In ischemic stroke, hyperuri-corachia is accompanied by the higher spinal fluid levels of adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine and it is an indirect indicator of respiratory disorders of central genesis, systemic acidosis, hypercoagulation susceptibility, free radical oxidation activation, the intensity of a stressor response to cerebral ischemia, cerebral metabolic disturbances, the depth of reduced consciousness, and the severity of neurological deficit. Conclusion. The high venous blood activity of xanthine oxidase in ischemic stroke is associated with the better neurological parameters in all follow-up periods, the better early functional outcome, and lower mortality rates. Key words: hyperuricemia, stroke, xanthine oxidase, uric acid, cerebral ischemia.Цель исследования . Изучить особенности пуринового метаболизма при клинически выраженной острой церебральной ишемии. Материал и методы. Обследованы 350 пациентов в острейшем периоде церебрального ишемического инсульта. В артериальной, венозной крови и ликворе определяли показатели газового, электролитного состава и кислотно-основного равновесия, содержание малонового диальдегида, аденина, гуанина, гипоксантина, ксантина и мочевой кислоты, активность ксантиноксидазы. Результаты. Гиперурикемия при ишемическом инсульте отражает тяжесть расстройств церебрального метаболизма, нестабильности гемодинамики, склонности к гиперкоагуляции, глубину неврологического дефицита. Гиперурикорахия при ишемическом инсульте сопровождается повышением содержания в ликворе аденина, гуанина, гипоксантина, ксантина, является косвенным признаком дыхательных расстройств центрального генеза, системного ацидоза, склонности к гиперкоагуляции, активации свободнорадикального окисления, выраженности стрессорного ответа на ишемию мозга, расстройств церебрального метаболизма, глубины угнетения сознания и тяжести неврологического дефицита. Заключение. Высокая активность ксантиноксидазы в венозной крови при ишемическом инсульте ассоциирована с лучшими неврологическими параметрами во все сроки наблюдения, лучшим ранним функциональным исходом, меньшей летальностью. Ключевые слова: гиперурикемия, инсульт, ксантиноксидаза, мочевая кислота, церебральная ишемия

Purine Metabolism in Acute Cerebral Ischemia

Objective: to study the specific features of purine metabolism in clinically significant acute cerebral ischemia. Subjects and materials. Three hundred and fifty patients with the acutest cerebral ischemic stroke were examined. The parameters of gas and electrolyte composition, acid-base balance, the levels of malonic dialdehyde, adenine, guanine, hypox-anthine, xanthine, and uric acid, and the activity of xanthine oxidase were determined in arterial and venous bloods and spinal fluid. Results. In ischemic stroke, hyperuricemia reflects the severity of cerebral metabolic disturbances, hemodynamic instability, hypercoagulation susceptiility, and the extent of neurological deficit. In ischemic stroke, hyperuri-corachia is accompanied by the higher spinal fluid levels of adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine and it is an indirect indicator of respiratory disorders of central genesis, systemic acidosis, hypercoagulation susceptibility, free radical oxidation activation, the intensity of a stressor response to cerebral ischemia, cerebral metabolic disturbances, the depth of reduced consciousness, and the severity of neurological deficit. Conclusion. The high venous blood activity of xanthine oxidase in ischemic stroke is associated with the better neurological parameters in all follow-up periods, the better early functional outcome, and lower mortality rates. Key words: hyperuricemia, stroke, xanthine oxidase, uric acid, cerebral ischemia

Resonant Kushi-comb-like multi-frequency radiation of oscillating two-color soliton molecules

Nonlinear waveguides with two distinct domains of anomalous dispersion can support the formation of molecule-like two-color pulse compounds. They consist of two tightly bound subpulses with frequency loci separated by a vast frequency gap. Perturbing such a two-color pulse compound triggers periodic amplitude and width variations, reminiscent of molecular vibrations. With increasing strength of perturbation, the dynamics of the pulse compound changes from harmonic to nonlinear oscillations. The periodic amplitude variations enable coupling of the pulse compound to dispersive waves, resulting in the resonant emission of multi-frequency radiation. We demonstrate that the location of the resonances can be precisely predicted by phase-matching conditions. If the pulse compound consists of a pair of identical subpulses, inherent symmetries lead to degeneracies in the resonance spectrum. Weak perturbations lift existing degeneracies and cause a splitting of the resonance lines into multiple lines. Strong perturbations result in more complex emission spectra, characterized by well separated spectral bands caused by resonant Cherenkov radiation and additional four-wave mixing processes

URIC ACID CONTENT, RENIN CONCENTRATION IN PATIENTS WITH PRE-ECLAMPSIA, DEPENDING ON THE LEVEL OF VITAMIN D AND CHARACTERISTICS OF EPIDURAL ANALGESIA IN LABOR

The objective: to investigate the correlation of renin concentration and uric acid content in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and vitamin D deficiency and their impact on the course of pregnancy, childbirth, and infant status.Subjects and methods. The content of uric acid, vitamin D, endothelin and renin concentration were studied in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and the control group; enzyme immunoassay and spectrophotometric tests were used. Venous blood was used as a specimen for tests.Results. Hyperuricemia (435.61 ± 24.05 μmol/l) and a 10-fold increase of renin concentration were observed in patients with severe pre-eclampsia and vitamin D deficiency (11.23 ± 1.60 ng/ml). Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher need for epidural administration of local anesthetics during labor analgesia in patients with pre-eclampsia versus the control group; it is also associated with unfavorable perinatal outcomes.Conclusions. The following was detected in the patients with pre-eclampsia: low levels of vitamin D, hyperuricemia, elevated blood renin concentration, which was associated with the severity of pain and increased blood pressure. For adequate analgesia and blood pressure control during labor, they needed a higher rate of local anesthetic administration. Perhaps, replenishing vitamin deficiencies during pregnancy may improve perinatal outcomes

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ МОЧЕВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ, КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЯ РЕНИНА У ПАЦИЕНТОК С ПРЕЭКЛАМПСИЕЙ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ УРОВНЯ ВИТАМИНА D И ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭПИДУРАЛЬНОЙ АНАЛЬГЕЗИИ РОДОВ

The objective: to investigate the correlation of renin concentration and uric acid content in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and vitamin D deficiency and their impact on the course of pregnancy, childbirth, and infant status.Subjects and methods. The content of uric acid, vitamin D, endothelin and renin concentration were studied in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and the control group; enzyme immunoassay and spectrophotometric tests were used. Venous blood was used as a specimen for tests.Results. Hyperuricemia (435.61 ± 24.05 μmol/l) and a 10-fold increase of renin concentration were observed in patients with severe pre-eclampsia and vitamin D deficiency (11.23 ± 1.60 ng/ml). Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher need for epidural administration of local anesthetics during labor analgesia in patients with pre-eclampsia versus the control group; it is also associated with unfavorable perinatal outcomes.Conclusions. The following was detected in the patients with pre-eclampsia: low levels of vitamin D, hyperuricemia, elevated blood renin concentration, which was associated with the severity of pain and increased blood pressure. For adequate analgesia and blood pressure control during labor, they needed a higher rate of local anesthetic administration. Perhaps, replenishing vitamin deficiencies during pregnancy may improve perinatal outcomes. Цель: изучение связи концентрации ренина и содержания мочевой кислоты у беременных с преэклампсией на фоне дефицита витамина D и влияния на течение беременности, исходов родов и состояние новорожденных.Материал и методы. У беременных с преэклампсией и группы контроля изучены содержание мочевой кислоты, витамина D, эндотелина и концентрация ренина, использованы иммуноферментные и спектрофотометрический методы. Материал исследования ‒ венозная кровь.Результаты. У пациенток с тяжелой преэклампсией на фоне дефицита витамина D (11,23 ± 1,60 нг/мл) отмечены гиперурикемия (435,61 ± 24,05 мкмоль/л), повышение концентрации ренина в крови в 10 раз. Дефицит витамина D связан с более высокой потребностью введения эпидурально местных анестетиков при анальгезии родов у пациенток с преэклампсией по сравнению с группой контроля и неблагоприятными перинатальными исходами.Выводы. У пациенток с преэклампсией выявлены: низкий уровень витамина D, гиперурикемия, повышенная концентрация ренина в крови, что ассоциировано с выраженностью болевого синдрома и повышением артериального давления. Для адекватной анальгезии и контроля артериального давления в родах им необходима более высокая скорость введения местных анестетиков. Возможно, восполнение дефицита витамина во время беременности улучшит перинатальные исходы.