Kinematics of W UMa-type binaries and evidences on the two types of formation

The kinematics of 129 W UMa binaries is studied and its implications on the contact binary evolution is discussed. The sample is found to be heterogeneous in the velocity space that kinematically younger and older contact binaries exist in the sample. Kinematically young (0.5 Gyr) sub-sample (MG) is formed by selecting the systems which are satisfying the kinematical criteria of moving groups. After removing the possible MG members and the systems which are known to be members of open clusters, the rest of the sample is called Field Contact Binaries (FCB). The FCB has further divided into four groups according to The orbital period ranges. Then a correlation has been found in the sense that shorter period less massive systems have larger velocity dispersions than the longer period more massive systems. Dispersions in the velocity space indicates 5.47 Gyr kinematical age for the FCB group. Comparing with the field chromospherically active binaries (CAB), presumably detached binary progenitors of the contact systems, the FCB appears to be 1.61 Gyr older. Assuming an equilibrium in the formation and destruction of CAB and W UMa systems in the Galaxy, this age difference is treated as empirically deduced lifetime of the contact stage. Since the kinematical ages of the four sub groups of FCB are much longer than the 1.61 Gyr lifetime of the contact stage, the pre-contact stages of FCB must dominantly be producing the large dispersions. The kinematically young (0.5 Gyr) MG group covers the same total mass, period and spectral ranges as the FCB. But, the very young age of this group does not leave enough room for pre-contact stages, thus it is most likely that those systems were formed in the beginning of the main-sequence or during the pre-main-sequence contraction phase.Comment: 19 pages, including 11 figures and 5 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA

Turks in the Changing World Order: The Organization of Turkic States

The increasing cooperation of Turkic Speaking States under the umbrella of the Organization of Turkic States attracted attention while the world was on the verge of a global change. The unity of the Turks was evaluated as "Pan Turkism" and "Turan". Some researchers interpreted the rise of Turkism as increasing competition in Eurasia against China and Russia. It is an important discussion topic how the Turk states should understand the development of cooperation. It is necessary to evaluate the geopolitical position of the Turk states in the Belt and Road Initiative and the global balance of power. This study evaluated the rise of Turkism in the 21st century and the role of the organization of Turkic states in the global order

China and India Relations

Historically, two important civilizations have historical relations. The roots of the relations between two of the world's oldest civilizations, which put their backs on the accumulation of nearly five thousand years of history, extend to the depths of this great history. China, the world's second-largest economy, and India, the fifth-largest economy, are two major forces that determine regional dynamics in Asia. In the 21th Century, the relations between two great countries were important both in the population and geographically. About 50% of the world lives in these two countries. China and India continual accretion of economic power will likely position them among the top three economies internationally by the year 2050

The Communism and China Perception Created in Turkey during the Korean War

The beginning of the Cold War, the Truman Doctrine, and the Marshall Plan have made a radical change in Turkey's foreign policy. In 1946, with the Marshall Aid, sympathy for America and the anti-communism perception were created in Turkey. Within the ideological atmosphere of the Korean War, the China and communism perception began to negatively emerge in the Turkish public opinion. In order to convince the Turkish public opinion with regard to the Korean War, the perception that communism is anti-Turk and anti-Islam, invasive and enemy was imposed by NATO. Turkic, Islamic anti-communist movements were supported by NATO and the Uyghur problem was created in this period to create a China perception. The article explored how the China and communism perception was created through the media and ideological atmosphere in Turkey during the process of Turkey's becoming a member of NATO and the Korean War. In the research, newspapers, publications, and articles covering the Korean War from the period starting with Marshall Plan in 1946 were examined

Efecto del peso inicial en el desarrollo sostenible de la producción de ganado vacuno en engorde intensivo a corral

The aim of this study was to conduct cultural energy (CE) analyses of beef cattle animals with different initial weights. Data were obtained by a questionnaire administered to 100 beef farms selected by stratified random sampling. The beef farms were divided into three groups based on initial animal weights and were analyzed. Initial weights were assigned as light (276 kg, 32 farms). Cultural energy used for feed for the treatments was derived from their lot feed consumption and values from the literature. Transportation energy was included in the analysis. As the objective of the study was to evaluate CE analysis of the feeding systems, energy that the calves had deposited in muscle and fat tissue, when they were purchased was deducted from carcass energy. Total expended CE was highest for the lighter animals (PEl propósito de este estudio fue realizar análisis de la energía para el engorde (CE) de ganado vacuno con diferentes pesos iniciales. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante un cuestionario dirigido a 100 granjas de vacuno seleccionadas por un método de muestreo estratificado y al azar. Las granjas fueron clasificadas en tres grupos, de acuerdo a los pesos iniciales, y analizadas. De acuerdo al peso inicial fueron agrupadas como ligeras ( 276 kg, 32 granjas). La energía utilizada para la alimentación en los tratamientos se obtuvo de los consumos correspondientes de cada uno de los lotes y de los valores de la bibliografía. La energía de transporte también se incluyó en el análisis. Puesto que el objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el análisis de CE de los sistemas de engorde, la energía que los terneros habían depositados en músculo y en tejido graso cuando fueron comprados se descontó de la energía de la canal. La CE total gastada fue superior para los más ligeros (